Most owners of suburban areas, along with building a house, ennobling the surrounding area, are also planning the construction of a bathhouse. It is more convenient for someone to use the services of professional craftsmen, and for someone, a bathhouse built with their own hands has a special indescribable value.
The main element of the bath is the oven. Despite the large number of important details, it is quite possible to design it yourself if you study all the subtleties and nuances of the furnace business.
Peculiarities
Despite the similarity of the functionality of the furnaces, the requirements for different models will differ. The sauna stove must have a high efficiency. Since it should take up little space, at the same time it should have enough power to heat the steam room to significantly high temperatures, heat up quickly and keep the heat for a long time.
The design of the stove is not so complicated, but there are a number of significant conditions. A very important parameter is the safety of the furnace. For example, the so-called hot stove raises the temperature of the sauna room in a short time due to the fact that its walls are heated to a temperature of up to 100 degrees Celsius.
If you carelessly touch this hot surface, a burn is inevitable. In addition, in this case it is impossible to control the degree of heating, which is fraught with great stress for the body and even heat stroke. Unlike conventional stoves for space heating, sauna stoves have additional elements, such as a heater or a water tank.
The heater is a container in which cobblestones of different sizes are placed. Heating up to high temperatures, they contribute to the retention of heat in the bath room, and are also direct steam generators. The stones are poured with water, the evaporating water creates the necessary humidity and a comfortable atmosphere in the steam room.
The water tank can be fitted with a faucet for added convenience. In the absence of a central or other water supply in the bath, a container with hot water becomes a necessity for taking bath procedures.
Varieties
There are a large number of models of ovens that you can make yourself. They differ in different characteristics. In general, conventionally sauna stoves are divided into two types - cold and hot. The hot oven, as noted above, heats up completely, including its own walls, from here heat spreads to the entire steam room. And if such a furnace has a minus that the room will overheat, then a cold stove will not have such a problem due to heating only the firebox itself and the stones in the heater. But in this case, an additional source of heat is needed, especially in winter.
There is a high probability that such a centralized heater will not cope with the large volume of air in the bath.
The next characteristic is the constancy of heating. Eat furnaces with constant heating, they are heated during the adoption of bath procedures for an unlimited time. It is not necessary to heat it to very high temperatures, it is enough to constantly maintain the set level by throwing firewood. With constant heating, heat and humidity are stable, the room is comfortable.
Batch Furnace warm well before visiting the bath. After that, the bath will keep the temperature obtained for a long time due to the stones that are inside the heater. An interesting additional effect from such a stove is the smell, very pleasant with hints of wood, which arises from the deposition of wood soot on the stones.
To make the right choice, you need to figure out how other furnaces are characterized.
According to the material of manufacture
The first model to look at is brick oven. Experienced builders recommend this particular material as the most optimal for a bath. The biggest advantage is the quality of the steam that comes from the heat of this oven. The heat produced by it is soft and even, so the steam is dense, hot, but not scalding.
Another nice nuance for owners of aesthetic taste - from bricks you can create an unusual or classic interior solution, so the sauna oven will be not only useful, but also a pleasing to the eye construction.
At the same time, it should be noted that brick oven requires free space. There are, of course, small-sized designs, but still more often the dimensions of such a furnace are quite large. In addition, an additional foundation will be required for its installation, since the stove is heavy, which can also affect the free area of \u200b\u200bthe bath.
Brick ovens, in turn, also come in several types. Depending on the features of the building, the stove will be called “in white”, “in gray”, “in black”.
Bath "in black" known in Rus' since ancient times. Once it was the only option for arranging a bathhouse and it was believed that visiting it brings health, kills ailments and strengthens the body.
The bottom line is this: in the bath room, a heater stove is built from stones and rubble. Such a stove does not have a separate chimney. Due to the simplicity of their design, they managed to design such stoves even in field military life, organizing baths for soldiers. That is, the stove is melted, firewood is thrown up constantly in order to achieve strong burning, smoke from burning firewood goes directly into the room.
It takes several hours to properly heat the oven and the room. After that, the bath room is ventilated and the heating is stopped. Of course, the bath will not be able to retain heat for a long time after the fuel burns out, but, as a rule, this was enough for washing.
After such heating procedures, everything in the bath was covered with a layer of soot, shelves, walls, all possible surfaces. The soot was washed off with water, and then the stones were watered with decoctions of mint and pine needles. It was believed that in this way all bacteria and microbes are destroyed., and the air with the smell of wood and burning is very useful.
Now many adherents of the black bath are reappearing. They argue that such a bath is really real, and everything else that exists at the moment is only a parody and does not carry any value for health and good spirits.
But there is an opinion that only professional bath attendants can organize such a bath, and for people who do not know all the subtleties and nuances of the bath business, it can even be dangerous.
For arranging a bath "in gray" a chimney pipe is added to the simplest design of the heater stove. Thus, smoke and carbon monoxide no longer enter the steam room, but at the same time the heater is mounted in such a way that the smoke comes out through a container with stones. In this case, after pouring water on the stones, steam is obtained with an admixture of haze.
There will be no soot in the bath, but the unique bathing atmosphere will remain. This option may be suitable for connoisseurs of a real Russian bath who want to avoid the disadvantages of a black bath.
Bath "in white" will warm up longer than all listed. But its merit is that it keeps warm for a long time.
Deck oven- Another original type of brick sauna stove. It differs from standard stoves in that the air access to burning wood is from above, and not from below. If in the usual version, firewood is stacked on a grate and ignited from below, then in a hearth furnace, ignition is carried out from above and the direction of draft will change from top to bottom. Such a device allows firewood to flare up evenly and maintain a certain temperature regime for a long time, in contrast to bottom-burning stoves, where firewood flares up sharply and intensely, but burns out just as quickly.
Stacking firewood in a hearth oven should take place in a certain way: large logs are placed on the very bottom, then medium ones, and very small chips on the very top. When designing a top-burning stove, you can refuse to install an ash pan, because with this method of burning the ashes, after the end of burning, you can simply sweep it with a broom onto a scoop.
A metal stove is a fairly common option.. It has small dimensions, can be either square or round, heats up quickly and cools down quickly. Such a furnace can be bought ready-made, or it can be welded from steel sheets with little welding experience. Moreover, it can be made by itself even from recycled material, for example, pipe scraps. It is easy to get burned on metal, so for safety reasons, you can enclose it with a layer of brick.
One of the varieties of a metal furnace is a bath boiler.. If a metal furnace can be of any shape and size, then a boiler is, as a rule, a small-sized cylindrical structure. The boiler can be placed in the sauna room as a source of additional heating.
The implementation of such a design with your own hands occurs according to an algorithm that applies to all metal furnaces. A sheet of metal is cut into shape, the body is welded, a firebox and a heater, a chimney are equipped. After that, the boiler can be overlaid with bricks so as not to risk getting burned by a red-hot circuit.
According to the location of the firebox
The main technical element of the furnace is the firebox. It can be located both inside the steam room and outside.
If the firebox is located inside the steam room, this can be convenient in that you do not have to go far to add heat. But at the same time, given that, as a rule, the steam room is small, there is a huge risk of getting burned.
Remote firebox - a much more convenient and safer choice. In this case, there is a heater in the steam room, possibly with a tank of water, and the furnace chamber is placed in the dressing room. Obviously, with this arrangement, the possibility of getting burned is minimized.
To install a heat exchanger for a bath - a special single element for heating water, you need to focus on the location of the firebox, since it can be located in the chimney or in the furnace itself.
By type of fuel
A real bath, of course, is heated on wood. It is firewood that is an environmentally friendly material that creates the very healing atmosphere for which everything is started. But there are exceptions.
The stove can run on gas, the “fuel” can be electrical energy, and in other cases, a liquid combustible substance such as diesel or diesel fuel. When developing these options it is important to remember that these products are toxic and if the decision is made to heat the bath in this way, it is necessary to take the combustion system outside.
electric furnace- an interesting option for those who do not want to put a lot of effort into preparing a bath, do not like to follow the heating process. A possible disadvantage of such a furnace may be that it is completely uneconomical. But for those who are ready to sacrifice the atmosphere of a Russian bath in favor of convenience and comfort, such a stove can be an ideal option. There will be no soot from such a stove, no need to arrange a chimney, and the most important advantage is that you can set exactly the heating temperature that will be ideal for you.
The electric furnace is purchased ready-made and installed according to the instructions. If everything is done correctly, such an oven will be absolutely safe to operate, the heating-cooling modes will be automatically regulated, and it is very convenient to control all its functions using the remote control.
Gas oven also has a lot of supporters. It is easy to install, easy to maintain, safe when used correctly and very compact. This type of oven is equipped with a gas burner. There are models equipped with a water tank, a stone tray. In this design, there is always a fuse that will not allow the gas to spread if the fire suddenly goes out.
When installing a gas oven, safety rules must be followed. The main requirement is the remoteness of the furnace walls from the walls of the room (at least 50 cm). The foundation for the furnace must exceed it along the perimeter by at least 10 cm. It is also necessary to pay attention to the dimensions of the burner - they must fit the size of the furnace. The main advantage of the gas model is its efficiency and durability. Gas-fired stoves can last about 25 years.
The oven itself is a device of increased danger, furnaces operating on diesel fuel, diesel fuel and mining have a very high hazard class. At the same time, such a stove is the only option that can very quickly warm up a very frozen room, which can be a great advantage for those who visit a country bath several times during the winter, for example.
Having decided on the installation of such a unit, it is necessary to resort to the help or recommendations of specialists. Since the oil product is heated to high temperatures in such a furnace, if the device of such a furnace is not properly approached, fuel may ignite up to an explosion.
A diesel-powered stove can be double-circuit, wick and drip. Double-circuit is a kind of heat gun, which instantly warms up even the coldest room. The fuel consumption for it is very high, so this type of stove is not particularly relevant for installation in a bath.
The wick oven is more of a camping structure. If you want to use it for heating, you need to make sure that all its parts are made of quality materials and carefully adjusted to each other. But such a device in any case has very little power.
A diesel-powered drip oven is the best option, which can be used for a bath room.
The principle of operation of such an apparatus is that fuel drips into a container with a hot evaporator. The furnace is started with the help of an ignited wick, the evaporator is heated. After the wick is almost completely burned out, droplets of fuel are launched. Once in the evaporator tank, the drops boil and the steam ignites, releasing heat.
already existing the stove-"potbelly stove" can be successfully converted for this type of fuel. Be sure to carry out all work in strict accordance with the scheme, made in compliance with all safety requirements.
According to the heating method
The next important characteristic of a sauna stove is the type of heater device, which determines the way the stones are heated, and hence the temperature and steam in the room. Everything is simple here.
Kamenka is open type and closed. In the open type, stones are placed above the fuel compartment. It is on them that hot water is poured in order to produce steam. This is suitable for small spaces, because with frequent watering of the stones with water, the stove cools down quickly. If the oven is equipped with a water tank, this design will be more convenient, since everything will be at hand.
Closed type of heater - a better option for many reasons. In this design, the stones are located behind the door. It will take more time to warm up the bath, but the stones can store heat for up to a day.
With the closed type, the fuel compartment is located outside the room, thus eliminating the possibility of carbon monoxide entering the steam room. The entire oven heats up equally, which creates a soft atmosphere of even heat. With this arrangement of stones, there is less possibility of getting burned by hot steam when watering them.. Behind the closed door, the stones keep their heat for a long time, so the temperature in the bath will remain high for a long time.
There are also author's models of stoves that can be purchased and installed. These are standard designs that have been improved in various characteristics. For example, an aqua-furnace, which retains a sufficient amount of oxygen in the steam room due to the water layer, which is laid in the walls of the furnace.
The Kurina stove is a kind of brick stove for a bath, which has its own device features for more comfortable and uniform heating of the bath room.
The subtleties of manufacturing
It is easier to make a metal oven with your own hands, but with a great desire and patience, you can also make a brick one. Before starting construction, you need to have a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe basic requirements for building a stove for a bath room.
The stove must be installed against a wall that is located opposite the one equipped with shelves. The flue pipe cannot be designed to be able to rest against ceiling surfaces, a gap must be left, which will then be filled with refractory material and covered with a protective lining. A sheet of metal is laid on the floor in front of the fuel chamber to protect the room from the possibility of fire when the coals come out of the oven.
brick
The most common designs of brick sauna stoves that you can make yourself also differ in the location of the water heating tank. There are furnaces with tank installation from below and furnaces with tank installation from above.
Before starting the construction of the furnace, you need to prepare the necessary materials:
- the brick itself;
- clay and sand;
- a bowl for mixing the solution;
- tools for marking and masonry;
- insulating materials;
- separately, you need to prepare materials for creating a chimney water tank, if you decide to do them yourself. You can also buy them ready made.
To build a stove that will be installed in the bath room, brick must be purchased of a higher quality than usual for construction. It must also have refractory characteristics and have clear shapes and uniform dimensions.
So-called fireclay brick - according to its parameters, the most suitable option for the stove standing in the bath, but you must also take into account the fact that its cost will be much higher than ordinary bricks, so it is possible to use it partially, in the most significant places, for example, for a firebox - the place of greatest heating. And for the outer walls, chimney and finishes, ordinary red brick can be used, but not of poor quality.
You can easily check the capabilities of a brick by knowing a few simple ways. The first tentative parameter will be the sound. If you hit it with a hammer, the sound coming from the surface should turn out to be sonorous and clear. If the sound turns out to be deaf and as if going inward, it is likely that there are cracks inside the brick, which make the brick brittle and fragile. In this case, your oven runs the risk of being destroyed after a short operation.
The second indicator is the appearance of the brick. According to the standards, the brick should have dimensions of 250 * 120 * 65. A deviation within the normal range is considered to be 2 mm. There should be no visible defects, cracks and chips on the brick. A slight presence of grooves is allowed. Sometimes on the surface of the product you can notice a coating resembling a film. Such a brick should be abandoned, as this indicates a marriage in production. Such a brick will not be fixed in the right place, since the film will interfere with the necessary adhesion.
The third landmark is inside the brick. In the literal sense, the brick must be broken into two parts and carefully examine the surface of the chip. The color should be uniform and not have darker streaks and blotches. Their presence indicates a violation of technology in the manufacture, burnout of bricks. It is categorically not recommended to use such a brick for the construction of a bath stove.
Starting construction, you need to properly install the base of the future furnace. The base must be waterproofed so that it remains cold. A sheet of roofing felt is perfect for this purpose.
The foundation should be approximately 10-12 centimeters larger than the furnace. It is covered with a beam of concrete or steel and a flooring will be installed on top of this ceiling.
Next, you need to prepare a solution that will adhere the bricks to each other. For the mixture you will need clay, sand and water. It is advisable to use clay the same as that used in the manufacture of bricks.. It must be mixed with water and left for a day. Sand is added last. The consistency should be smooth and thick.
To understand whether the mixture is prepared correctly, you need to move it with a trowel to the side, along the surface. The mixture should not crack, blur, stick to the trowel, the mortar should keep its shape well. There is another way. A wooden stick must be dipped into the solution. The layer of the mixture that has settled on a stick should be no more than, but not less than 2 mm. The solution is best prepared in small portions., making a new portion after using the previous one.
After installing the foundation, starting laying, you need to have before your eyes the drawings according to which the work will be carried out. A pre-prepared scheme, according to which bricklaying will be carried out, will greatly simplify and streamline the process.
The brick laying order is standard and rarely performed otherwise. The first rows of bricks are laid, as a rule, in a continuous layer, this will be the so-called furnace pillow. Two rows will be enough. The third row begins to be laid, based on the drawing. A grate, a blower door and an ash compartment are usually laid here. The blower door is installed using galvanized wire. The door is attached in the middle of the wall, and its lower segments are laid out on the surface of a row of bricks. The wire is hidden in the grooves made on the surface of the bricks. And the upper part of the door will be fixed in the sixth row of bricks.
Next, four rows of bricks are laid in a row. Here close attention must be paid to the alignment of the corners. The correct installation of the ash pan and the grate depends on this. If at least one corner is wrong, there will be a possibility of smoke entering the steam room. After laying continuous rows, the top of the blower door is attached, on the sixth row of masonry.
The seventh row of bricks is the level at which the firebox door and grate are installed. The grate of the grate should be flush with the brickwork; for this, notches are made in the bricks along the height of the bars of the grate. The grating is fixed with a solution. The grate is tightly applied to the layer of the mixture and tapped with a hammer for a stronger grip. The grate must not be allowed to come into contact with the walls of the stove., because the grate, when heated, will increase in size and create pressure on the side surfaces, which is fraught with the destruction of the furnace. The firebox door is attached similarly to the blower door.
Next, you need to make an opening under the water tank. Considering that the tank will come into contact with the brick in some places, for the best fastening, you need to wrap the tank with asbestos wire cord. The tank is located on the side walls.
From the next row of masonry, namely the eighth, the chimney will begin, so it is necessary to install a partition there. The ninth row is already mounting the water tank itself and installing the stove. Further, the brick is installed along the height of the firebox and after that, according to the scheme, the chimney is laid out.
The water tank can also be located above the chimney. But it is obvious that, located directly above the firebox, the container will warm up much faster.
metal
Metal furnaces have their undeniable advantages. For example, ease of installation and fast heating. This also includes small size and aesthetic appearance. But with all the advantages, we must not forget that a metal furnace will be more demanding in terms of safety. Therefore, when planning the installation of a metal furnace, you must strictly follow the instructions and follow all the installation rules.
The stove is installed at a distance of at least 0.5 meters from walls and interior items.
If a metal furnace will work with electricity, grounding is required. When choosing this heating option, it is also necessary to coordinate with the fire inspectorate.
The ceiling and walls of the bath must be protected from fire by laying insulating material or by finishing with brick and / or metal sheets.
Stone or brickwork can be laid over the oven walls to reduce the risk of burns. An additional advantage of such a cladding will be an increase in the heat retention time in the furnace.
Since the metal furnace is light in weight, it is usually not necessary to build a separate foundation. Such a need may arise when the weight of the furnace is more than 750 kg. In other cases, it is enough to lay a sheet of metal in place of the future furnace or even lay ordinary ceramic tiles. Such a layer is made for fire safety purposes.
The furnace itself can be purchased ready-made, but with at least a little knowledge and skills, you can weld it yourself from sheets of metal.
In the case of a furnace for installation in a bath, it must be understood that the metal must be tested for strength and possible deformation when exposed to high temperatures. In order to avoid such surprises, it is necessary to heat the metal sheets red-hot and see what happens to the sheet. It may increase in area and lose smoothness. Then, with a hammer, the sheet is tapped in places of bumps and depressions to its original form, and the excess is cut off. Such preparation will not allow the furnace to warp during operation.
A metal furnace most often does not provide for a water tank in its design. Since the stove itself is small, the extra capacity will make the building more bulky, depriving this option of its obvious advantage for small spaces. But of course, if necessary and desired, a tank can also be provided.
Anyway, the container must be selected in small sizes, since it must have time to warm up in a short time.
The heater in such a furnace can be internal or external. If the heater is installed outside, you can pour water on it to get steam. It looks aesthetically pleasing and beautiful, warms up to high temperatures.
An internal type heater allows the stones to warm up more, respectively, they will retain heat longer, but in this case the path of the chimney will lie in the same place and there will be a need for periodic deep cleaning of the heater from settling combustion products.
The stones themselves are of great importance for a home-made metal furnace. Granite cobblestones - absolutely inappropriate material. They contain inclusions of mica, which releases toxic substances when heated. Inhalation of these toxic fumes is very hazardous to health. Ordinary natural stones are best suited for a bath, rounded, approximately the same size, without cracks and chips.
Available in specialized stores cobblestones made of basalt or jadeite, which are perfect for a sauna stove.
In addition to choosing the right stones, it is important to stack them correctly. The largest and heaviest should be laid out on the bottom of the heater, given their shape.. If the stones are oblong, they are laid vertically so that the heat going up can freely pass along the surface of the stone. If this rule is neglected, a natural barrier will arise for heat and the lower stones will be very hot, while the upper ones will remain cold. Medium-sized stones are laid out on top of large stones and then, with the top layer, small pebbles.
If the stones are not laid correctly, the steam in the room will become damp and heavy, and the healing procedure of soaring will become ineffective.
As in the case of other types of furnaces, in the manufacture of a furnace, a metal firebox can be constructed in one piece. This design is installed directly in the steam room. This option is the simplest. A large number of drawings and diagrams are available for those who wish. The option with a remote firebox is more laborious, but with enough patience, it is quite possible to implement it.
An important point is the design of the chimney when installing a metal furnace. This compartment must be insulated. It is optimal to lay an insulating sheet between the inner and outer casing of the pipe.
Metal furnaces have one interesting feature. The design of the firebox of most stoves is such that it allows you to get maximum heat in a minimum of time due to the rapid burning of firewood.
A situation arises when the wood burned out and heated the stove to high temperatures that cannot be regulated. This happens because, as a standard, the furnace is equipped with a grate, which is designed to enhance combustion by supplying additional air, and hence oxygen, through its grates. With such a device, the top of the furnace heats up very strongly, while the bottom and sides are very slightly. There are additional inconveniences in operation, because there is little pleasure - instead of bath procedures, engage in flame regulation.
The solution to the problem is simple, like everything ingenious - to completely abandon the grate. If the firebox door is sealed as much as possible with an asbestos cord, firewood can be laid directly on the bottom of the stove. A small opening with a damper must be equipped on the door in order to be able to control the access of air to the fire.
After such actions, the firewood in the stove will calmly burn out for an hour or more, and the stove itself will warm up evenly. So a simple but effective design adjustment will make the metal furnace as convenient as possible.
The most common model of a bath metal stove is a "potbelly stove". Such a furnace is mobile, the easiest to manufacture and operate, and familiar even to those who are far from furnace work.
This design contains all the key elements:
- foundation;
- firebox and blower;
- grate;
- internal heater;
- chimney;
- water container.
Near the potbelly stove, it is quite possible to equip a place for storing firewood.
To install the simplest version of this furnace, you will need a welding machine, a piece of pipe with thick walls or a barrel as the body of the furnace itself and water tanks, a chimney pipe, a grate or rods for its manufacture, insulating material.
First we prepare the base. To do this, you need to free up a section of the floor and dig a pit about 50 cm deep. Its size should be the size of the furnace with an additional 30 cm around the perimeter. A layer of crushed stone or chipped brick is lined at the bottom, after which it is poured with a layer of concrete. The next layer is a ruberoid sheet. It would be useful to lay it in two layers, but only after the concrete has completely dried..
Two layers of refractory bricks are placed on roofing sheets. First layer on edge. Burnt brick will create good protection for the foundation from moisture and the effects of high temperatures.
The next step is the assembly of the fuel compartment. The pipe that will be used for the firebox is cut off on both sides to end up with a cylinder. In this cylinder, you need to cut a hole into which the firebox and blower will be installed. Inside the pipe, you need to weld fasteners for the grate. The grate itself also needs to be welded from metal rods.
Next, you need to prepare two circles cut out of sheets of metal, weld them to the top of the pipe one and below the other, after making a hole for installing the future chimney. Doors are made from the remains of metal.
For proper operation of the chimney, you must follow the sequence of its installation. The inner part must be welded to the stove and a water tank should be installed on top so that the chimney pipe passes through the tank. A tap must be inserted into one of the walls of the container. The rest of the length of the pipe must be taken out of the room. It is also necessary to insert a valve into the chimney pipe, which looks like a metal rod with a circle attached to it. By turning the valve, you can control the incoming air.
Sometimes it is more expedient to install a water tank near the stove.. In this case, the container and the fuel compartment are connected by metal pipes for circulation. This design allows you to mount a box for stones above the firebox, that is, to build a full-fledged heater.
Simple do-it-yourself options
In addition to brick ovens and basic metal models, there are also the most simplified devices for heating a bath. You can build them from improvised means with minimal effort. Of course, you need to understand that such designs are unlikely to be particularly beautiful or ennoble the interior, but if the goal is only to heat the room, it is quite acceptable to use such options.
When planning to build such a furnace, it is advisable to prepare a drawing or diagram according to which it will be assembled.
An interesting version of the furnace can be obtained from unnecessary rims. Such a heating element is simple in execution, takes up little space, heats up quickly and gives off heat well. In addition, such a stove will be strong, durable and, if desired, it can be heated not only with wood, but also with coal.
The disadvantages are those that are inherent in all metal furnaces - rapid cooling and the likelihood of getting burned from accidentally touching the wall. It should also be borne in mind that due to its small size, such a stove can heat up a small room, ideally no more than 14-15 square meters. m, for heating rooms of a larger area, this design is not suitable.
For the body of the device, 4 disks from a truck are needed, which must first be prepared - cleaned of dirt, possibly using an emery cloth. For two disks, the middle must be removed, leaving only the rims. They will be used as a water bottle. To do this, they need to be welded together and a metal cover is attached to the upper part for pouring water, and a metal sheet is attached to the bottom of the structure, in which there should be a hole for the chimney pipe. The resulting container must be airtight. It is necessary to check and eliminate the shortcomings, if any.
From the remaining two discs, a fuel compartment and a heater are made. In one disk, you need to leave the central part, it will play the role of a grate. The second disk must be freed from the central segment, then when welding two parts, the second will serve as a container for stones.
All parts of the furnace are assembled according to the scheme, after which the furnace is installed on a previously prepared foundation.
A stove from a worn-out iron barrel can also be a good option for small steam rooms.. To install such a furnace, you first need to put a foundation. It should be a concrete or brick base, which has increased fire resistance.
The barrel must be cut with a grinder to the required length. After that, a brick is laid out from the inside. The fuel compartment is highlighted with metal profiles. Stones are piled on them. After that, a lid with a welded smoke pipe is installed on the barrel.
Such a stove will heat up and give off its heat to the stones, and the smoke will fall into the gaps between them and disappear
When planning the construction of a sauna stove, it is important to correctly assess your strengths and capabilities. Of course, a do-it-yourself stove will heat not only the body, but also the soul. But in order for such an exciting and fruitful activity to bring pleasure, a serious approach is needed.
Manufacturers of sauna stoves offer a wide range of ready-made devices that only require installation. If you are still puzzled by the construction of the furnace with your own hands, you must definitely take into account all the tips and recommendations.
It is categorically impossible to neglect the requirements of fire safety. Foundation insulation must be present. It must be remembered that for stoves operating on different types of fuel, the safety criteria will vary. The most unreliable option is a unit that uses diesel fuel, diesel fuel, liquid combustible mixtures as fuel.
It is necessary to foresee in advance how the issue of ventilation in the bath will be solved. Proper chimney design will prevent smoke leaks and carbon monoxide poisoning.
Carefully study the needs of your family in relation to bath procedures. Based on this information, you can decide in favor of which oven to choose. A metal stove will quickly heat up the steam room, and if in your case the duration of bath procedures is a couple of hours, then it makes sense to install a metal structure.
For those who like to take a steam bath, a brick oven would be a more suitable option., because it keeps heat for a long time and generates soft comfortable steam.
The metal walls of the furnace can be overlaid with brickwork, you get a kind of average option that has the advantages of both a brick and a metal furnace
An excellent bath solution would be to purchase a finished cast-iron stove. with the subsequent facing of its walls with bricks. The steam from such an oven will be pleasant and dense, and the oven itself will last a long time. Another plus of this option is fast heating. But it must be remembered that such a stove is not installed directly in the steam room. Her firebox should be in the dressing room.
It is good when the stove is designed in such a way that both types of heaters are present - closed and open. So more opportunities to bring the steam room to the desired temperature. The heater can be arranged in the form of a grid filled with stones. Less metal means less hot heat.
Stones can be laid in a certain way in the form of a well, so that water can be poured directly into the designed recess. This will give a lot of good quality steam.
In addition to a good stove, it is important to correctly insulate the steam room, the water drain and the entire internal structure of the steam room, including wall cladding. You may have to think about how to organize additional heating in order to take into account the wishes of all family members.
The best fuel for the bath will be birch firewood. They burn evenly and leave little waste. Coniferous trees, when burned, clog the chimney very much. It's better not to use them.
The volume of the water tank, as a rule, is calculated from the amount of 10 liters for washing one person.
Clay for mortar used for laying bricks can be completely used natural, collected on the banks of reservoirs. It needs to be soaked for several days to clean it of possible impurities.
How to fold a stove for a bath with your own hands? In the article we will give a number of tips on choosing a brick, preparing a mortar and masonry itself.
The target audience is beginners who are unfamiliar with the basics of furnace business and need to learn the basics.
The brick oven in the bath is a tribute to tradition.
Go shopping
What building materials will be required for the construction of a sauna stove?
- Foundation concrete.
- Cast iron elements - firebox and ash pan doors, a grate and a valve for adjusting draft.
- Solution.
- Brick.
Let's clarify: but also stone.
However, it is much more difficult to find and cut the right amount of stones than to buy several hundred bricks, so the masonry will remain outside our consideration.
Let's pay attention to the choice of what will have to be purchased.
Brick
Red, full bodied. For the lining of the furnace - fireclay, made of refractory clay. Silicate disappears due to poor temperature resistance: when overheated, it crumbles. Any hollow or porous one will not work either: cavities provide effective thermal insulation, but we, on the contrary, need maximum thermal conductivity.
Cast iron
When choosing doors and valves, you should pay attention to the absence of distortions. All movable elements should open and close without significant resistance.
Other materials
In addition to the above, for the construction of the foundation you will have to purchase:
- Cement. Ordinary Portland cement grade 400.
- Fine river sand. The grain size should not be more than one and a half millimeters. Before mixing the solution, it is sieved.
- Ruberoid. It will be needed for waterproofing the foundation: the masonry should not pull water from the soil through the capillaries.
Getting Started
Solution preparation
To prepare the solution, we will have to go to the nearest reservoir and collect ... clay there. Cement mortar is not suitable for oven masonry: when heated, it will quickly crumble.
So, clay, sand and water are at our disposal.
- Clay is soaked for a day, then rubbed through a fine sieve. The output should be a viscous paste that sticks to your hands.
- Add sand to wet clay. Its amount depends on how fat the clay is at our disposal: the fatter it is, the more sand is required.
- Stir the solution until smooth, adding water if necessary.
How to determine the degree of fat content of a clay solution? A simple test will help.
From one portion of clay rolls a ball with a diameter of about five centimeters; the second same portion is rolled into a cake. After two or three days of drying in the shade, neither the ball nor the cake should crack: the presence of cracks indicates a too greasy solution.
In addition, a ball that has fallen from a meter height onto a tree should not split (this will happen with a lean solution).
If there is no clay near your house, do not despair. Dry fireclay (refractory) clay is sold in many hardware stores. The price of a 20-kilogram bag is about 200 rubles.
Foundation
How to fold the stove in the bath without a solid foundation? This is where the actual construction begins. A pit is dug in the ground about half a meter deep; formwork is assembled above the ground level. The surface of the foundation should be about 7 centimeters below the level of the future floor.
Concrete for the foundation is prepared quite traditionally: 1 part of cement is mixed with three parts of dry sand, then water is added to the desired consistency with continuous stirring. Stones, brick battle and crushed stone can be used as filling. For reinforcement, a rod, mesh, or just trimming of unnecessary pipes, corners, etc. are suitable.
Important point: foundation. The instruction is due to the fact that they have different temperature conditions and the degree of shrinkage.
The foundation surface is leveled with cement mortar and waterproofed with two layers of roofing material. Then, as evenly as possible, a continuous layer of bricks is laid out, on which the actual walls of the furnace will be erected.
masonry
How to fold the sauna stove yourself? The very sequence of actions is the same as that of any other brickwork; however, there are also a number of features associated with the temperature regime.
Let's formulate the main points.
- The new row is preliminarily laid out without mortar. This will allow you to choose bricks by size: there is always a small variation in dimensions between them. Usually it is leveled with a mortar joint, but not in our case, because ...
- ... the thickness of the seam is only five millimeters against 12 in ordinary masonry. A thin layer of mortar will provide the furnace with maximum strength. The thicker it is, the more the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of clay and brick will affect the condition of the masonry.
- Each row starts with laying a corner.
- Soak the brick in water for 20 seconds before placing the brick on the mortar pad. Filled pores will make the seams stronger: the clay will be in contact with a larger surface.
- The solution is applied to both adjacent poke - the end of the bricks. The excess is squeezed out when tapped.
- Vertical seams shift from row to row. Ideal masonry is when the vertical seam falls exactly in the middle of the brick in the next row.
- The chamfered sides must not face the inside of the flue. The smoother it is, the less soot will collect there.
- How to fold a sauna stove with fireclay lining? Fireclay bricks are laid on the edge without ligation with the main masonry. Moreover, a five-millimeter gap is left between fireclay and red bricks to compensate for the difference in thermal expansion of materials.
Installation of cast iron parts
The method of their installation again rests on a significant difference in thermal expansion: heating up to 800-900C, cast iron increases the linear dimensions much more than brick. To fix the cast iron, annealed wire bindings are used, which are laid between the rows; doors are wrapped with asbestos cord.
The grate is laid with a gap between it and the walls of at least 5 millimeters; when it burns out, it should change without disturbing the masonry.
Chimney
One rule applies here: the first meter from the stove. Ideally - from heat-resistant stainless steel. Next - sandwich pipes, ceramics and so on.
Drying
Intensive kindling of a damp furnace is guaranteed to lead to cracks.
Drying is a matter of days.
- Clay dries for three to five days with the doors and valves open.
- This is followed by several 15-minute kindlings with wood chips. A sign that the oven has dried out is the absence of condensation on the damper.
Conclusion
If after reading the article you experienced a crisis of self-esteem - well, you can always turn to professionals. How much it costs to fold the stove into a bathhouse depends, first of all, on the qualifications of the master. As a rule, work costs about three times more than materials.
If you are confident in your abilities - the video in this article will allow you to get acquainted with some aspects of laying the furnace more clearly. Good luck!
The modern construction market offers a variety of models of sauna stoves: for liquid fuel, for wood, and for gas, and with many additional functions. True, manufacturers are asking for such units for a simply fabulous amount, and at the same time there are no guarantees that this stove will fit the requirements of a particular bath and will last a really long time. But what is created by those in whom the spirit of the Russian master lives is for centuries. But it’s not so difficult to make a stove for a bath with your own hands - all you need is detailed instructions, step-by-step photos of construction and recommendations from experienced craftsmen. You will find all this in this article. The main thing is to approach the matter slowly and scrupulously observe the safety precautions for furnace work.
If you decide to order a finished oven, please contact large specialized companies and stores, for example, http://www.jadebest.ru, as they work directly with manufacturers.
The first homemade sauna stoves - what were they?
For many modern masters, home-made stoves for baths, which have been made for many centuries and until recently, cause sincere bewilderment: they were built without any chimney, and carbon monoxide came out of the bath only through the door. That's why our ancestors said "wash black." Although, apart from this shortcoming, the ancient sauna stove itself had a very practical device, very resistant to fire. So, a domed hearth resembling a well was built from environmentally friendly clay bricks. In it, prepared stones were laid on metal rods, and a container of water was placed on them like a boiler. The fire under the cobblestones heated the latter, and the boiling water that fell on them filled the bathhouse with a soft and enveloping steam.
Over time, Russian masters got the hang of equipping some kind of chimney for such stoves, and the baths became much more aesthetic and functional. And even more - this attribute of steam rooms has become the semantic and organizing center of her interior design, and the improved concept of their manufacture has made bath procedures less expensive and more enjoyable.
What should be the furnace - requirements for units
Modern do-it-yourself sauna stoves are practically in no way inferior to factory ones - they are no less aesthetic, they also provide economical fuel consumption, they also take up little space in the steam room and also do not require any complicated maintenance.
The do-it-yourself stove in the bath can be made for firewood, and for liquid fuel, and for other energy sources. The choice of its type depends on the characteristics of the bath itself, but in any case, it must meet certain requirements:
- The presence of sufficient thermal power and a wide range of its regulation. So, the thermal power of the same furnace may be quite sufficient for a log bath and insufficient for a frame one.
- The presence of a heat accumulator and a steam generator so that you can change the modes of heat and moisture.
- Availability of means of convection regulation.
- The almost complete absence of surfaces whose temperature exceeds 150?
In addition to all of the above, according to the rules of furnace work, the sauna stove also has its own requirements for the size of the furnace, fire safety and other important parameters.
Design features of a modern factory furnace
"Hot" or "cold" design options
Depending on the temperature of the outer walls of the sauna stove, it is called "cold" or "hot". So, at the “hot” wall they can heat up to 100 degrees, thanks to which it is warm in the steam room. Such a bath is easy to melt in a short time, which is indispensable for those steam rooms in which there is no constant heating - these are baths that are used from time to time. And "cold" ovens are not suitable for them. But such stoves also have disadvantages: the steam room can easily be overheated, turning it into a real sauna - and this mode is not safe for every person.
“Cold” stoves, which need to be heated for a long time, also have their advantages - it is impossible to get burned on their walls, because their maximum temperature reaches 50 degrees. But the heating of the bath rooms themselves occurs through special channels of the furnace, which take in the cold air of the floor, pass it through the fire and give it out through the top already warm, soft and not scalding. That is why only with the help of "cold" stoves can you effectively regulate the humidity and temperature in the bath.
Some examples of stove designs
Brick version - a classic of kiln art
A solid, but fairly simple brick construction of a sauna stove looks something like this: a firebox made of refractory bricks, an ash pan below the firebox, a cast-iron or steel grate for stones, a chimney, a hot water coil and doors.
The weight of a home-made brick sauna stove is solid, and therefore it will be necessary to build a foundation under it in advance. Instead of mortar for laying bricks, only clay and sand will need to be used, because. cement is not resistant to high temperatures and is able to ruin a sauna stove in just a year. And for the strength of the whole structure, the masonry is done according to its own special scheme.
Metal stove and its features
Compared to brick ovens, cast iron and steel ovens are more compact, have high heat transfer and excellent heating rates. The plus is that such stoves for baths are easy to manufacture at the factory, while brick stoves can only be laid out directly on the spot.
It will not be difficult for anyone to weld good metal stoves for baths with their own hands: for this, steel sheets or a large pipe that will need to be cut will be used. And in its design, such a furnace is not far from a brick one: the same nodes and blocks, the same elements, only a different design and different performance. For example, a square sauna stove is made of thick-plate steel or cast iron, and a round one is made of thick-walled steel pipes.
But the furnace itself of such a furnace today is made a little differently than a couple of decades ago: now it has two chambers, one of which is used for burning fuel, and the second for afterburning what has not burned down, due to which harmful combustion products are emitted much less and itself The efficiency of the furnace is increased by 20%.
The only significant drawback of metal furnaces is the large surface area that can burn. Although this minus is not difficult to fix - it is enough to overlay such a stove with beautiful refractory bricks, or to hang a steel screen on the body itself - a convector, which will distribute hot air flows throughout the bath and make its heating more uniform. On the other hand, cooling the furnace due to natural air circulation significantly increases its service life.
But it is not recommended to make a gas or electric oven on your own: even factory models are extremely flammable and even capable of exploding.
The simplest homemade stove options
For those who have never dealt with the stove business, you can try for the first couple of years to study the design of the stove for the bath of the simplest design and build one that will heat the bath, heat the water and produce pleasant steam.
Also, you can make a stove from ordinary or rubble stone, or carefully baked brick. The wall thickness should be from 13 to 25 cm, and the stones should weigh 1-5 kg. As stones for the furnace, you can take granite, but not flint, which shatters into pieces when heated. And in order for a do-it-yourself sauna heater to accumulate heat, you can add cast-iron ingots to it so that they account for 20% of 80% of the stones.
Boilers and water tanks in homemade stoves can be supported either on masonry walls, or on special posts inside the firebox, or suspended on a cable. But grates for furnaces are made of thick steel or they already acquire standard cast iron.
Usually those who at least once in their life tried to make a stove for their favorite bath with their own hands are terribly proud of their success and proudly show their achievement to everyone they know.
Since ancient times, in Rus', a brick oven in the bath was especially popular, which could not be found in your own home only in exceptional cases. In the last few years, baths have literally experienced a moment of incredible rebirth.
First of all, this, of course, has the fact that more and more people refuse to live in apartment buildings and more and more often opt for individual construction. That is why the question of how to build a sauna stove is becoming more and more popular every year.
If you can correctly plan the construction process, then you will be able to build your own bathhouse without any problems in a short time, and add a special atmosphere of cheerfulness and health to your home.
Preparation process
All you need to build a bath on your own site is literally minimal building skills and a little patience. The first thing to start with is to choose the drawings of the stove for the bath of your dreams.
In most cases, the stove in the steam room is located in such a way that one part of the building is responsible for maintaining the level of heat in the dressing room, and the other for heating the steam room itself.
If we talk about the material that should be chosen for the building also at the very beginning, then in principle most builders agree that it is possible to use those remnants of materials that were not used during the main construction.
The construction process will go much faster when all the necessary tools are prepared in advance.
It is best that there are trowels on the right side of the furnace, as well as a level, a bucket in which there will be a mortar and a hammer.
To the left of the stove, as a rule, they place a bucket of clean water and another bucket with a dustpan, as well as pliers and an ordinary pencil, which will be needed when making various marks.
For the furnace, you will definitely need a pit. Particular attention should be paid to its size, namely the depth, which should be at least 0.7 m.
The bottom of the pit, according to the rules, should be covered with about twenty centimeters of sand. After that, the sand is covered from above with rubble and broken bricks.
Further, it is necessary to provide a reinforced frame with formwork in the pit. From above, the entire surface must be filled with concrete. Look at the photo of the sauna stove and you will see that usually no more than twenty centimeters are left.
The last two layers of the foundation already act as the main waterproofing material. After the foundation is completely ready, it is mandatory to check it for horizontalness.
If any shortcomings appear, then they can be easily eliminated using the flaws that have arisen. After the work done, you can gradually move on to the construction of the bath itself.
The importance of the chimney
It is very important to pay special attention during the installation of the chimney to the general parameters of the structure. In the event that a home-made metal sauna stove turned out to be small enough, then you should not make the pipe too massive either.
Approximately the thickness of the walls is in practice about half the brick. It is desirable that the cross section of the smoke passages be of the same size.
Final stage
It is very important after the installation is completed, but before use, how to dry the sauna stove. It is customary to use one of the following methods for these purposes:
Note!
- Forced;
- Natural.
The most preferable, according to the builders, is the second option, but you have to prepare in advance for additional time costs.
Using this method, you can be sure that the oven will really dry out as evenly as possible, and not a single crack will form.
Remember that if you follow all the advice given to you by the builders, then without any difficulties you can build a bath quickly enough on your own.
Just remember to make sure you are ready for the necessary financial outlays beforehand.
DIY sauna stove photo
Note!
Note!
The stove in a real Russian bath should be economical and produce healthy heat. According to these criteria, wood heaters outperform electric and gas heat generators. But there is a third, no less important plus: you can make a metal stove for a bath with your own hands, provided that you are good at electric welding. The brick version of the heater is also good, but not available to everyone due to the price of materials and the complexity of laying in the finished steam room. So choose a home-made unit from the models proposed in our publication and start manufacturing using step-by-step instructions and drawings.
The choice of the design of the sauna stove
Ideally, a heat source made of metal should meet the following requirements:
- Quickly warm up and raise the temperature in the steam room. With this, iron stoves do an excellent job.
- Keep warm as long as possible. Since steel heats up and cools quickly, you will need a heater that stores heat, or an increase in the burning time of the firebox. The third option is to overlay the sauna stove with bricks after installation.
- Occupy a minimum of usable space in the steam room. If the volume of this room is too small, then it is better to choose a vertical design with a loading door placed in the dressing room.
- The heater must be safe for people washing in the bath. To protect yourself from burns, you can install a convection casing made of sheet iron on the case or, again, build a brick wall around the case.
Note. The duration of burning increases with the volume of the fuel chamber of the unit. Here you need to find a reasonable balance between the size of the stove and the duration of its operation. A small firebox will have to be constantly loaded with firewood, instead of calmly washing, and a large stove will take up half the area of \u200b\u200bthe steam room.
Do-it-yourself iron stoves for a bath are of the following designs:
- with a body oriented in space vertically or horizontally;
- melted directly from the steam room or from the next room (a remote firebox door is made);
- with and without a water tank;
- with outdoor or indoor heater.
Vertical heater
The vertical body of the stove shown in the photo gives 1 advantage - saving space in the bath. There are more disadvantages: a short burning time (due to the fact that the flame covers the entire laying of firewood) and not too high heat transfer. According to these important parameters, a horizontal bath heater outperforms a vertical one, but at the same time it occupies a large area.
Horizontal stove with heater and tank
If there is no electric water heater in the bath, it costs nothing to put a tank for heating water intended for washing on the stove or chimney. It can be welded from ordinary metal, and preferably from stainless steel. There is a more convenient way to heat water: a tank located in the washing room is connected by pipes to a samovar-type steel heat exchanger installed on the chimney.
Steel heat exchanger for chimney
The open heater, inherited from the Finnish sauna, heats up to a maximum of 400 ° C, but it can be poured with water in order to "succumb to the park." Kamenka, closed inside the body of the stove, accumulate more heat, warming up to 700-800 ° C, but at the same time they are polluted by passing flue gases and therefore require periodic cleaning.
Reference. Some craftsmen assemble metal stoves with internal brickwork, whose diagram is shown above. They serve for a long time without burning out the walls, but they are difficult to manufacture, and fireclay bricks cost money. You can learn more about various bath heaters by watching the video:
Preparation of materials
It is best to make a stove in a bath from a steel pipe with a diameter of 300-500 mm or a gas cylinder. There are several reasons:
- the pipe is a ready-made body of the unit, which simplifies things;
- a cylindrical shape is preferable to a rectangular one for reasons of aerodynamics (air flow) and heat transfer;
- vaulted walls without seams will last longer than flat ones;
- a round firebox is easier to clean from ash and soot.
Advice. It is more convenient to make an ash pan from sheet metal 2 mm thick, and 3 mm iron will go to the doors. Try not to use high-carbon steel grades higher than St35, which can harden from exposure to high temperatures, deform and burst at the seams. The correct furnace is welded from the St3 brand.
Door manufacturing steps
The grate can be made from corners or fittings of a periodic profile. The budget option is a sheet of thick iron with longitudinal slots, purchased - cast iron grates. It is desirable to make the doors double-layered with a basalt fiber gasket (pictured) so as not to get burned if accidentally touched.
Kamenka stove - manufacturing guide
We bring to your attention 3 common designs of metal stoves for a bath:
- a simple horizontal stove from a cylinder, melted inside a steam room;
- a heater from a 530 mm pipe with an external firebox;
- vertical sauna boiler "three in one".
The first option is attractive due to its ease of manufacture, small size and mobility. For homemade, you will need an old propane cylinder with a diameter of 300 or 500 mm and scrap metal. The second heater is distinguished by an additional section with a door built into the opening of the steam room wall and an open heater. The third model is a whole boiler, consisting of three compartments - a firebox, a closed heater and a tank for heating water.
Advice. If you can’t find a good pipe or cylinder, cook the stove according to the drawing from sheet steel with a thickness of at least 3 mm (preferably 5 mm). First, you will have to perform a series of operations to assemble the firebox - cutting blanks and welding them together with strict observance of 90 ° angles.
On the drawings - variants of heating units made of sheet iron
We weld a simple stove
The first thing to do is to properly cut off the cylinder cap along the factory seam. To do this, unscrew the gas valve with an open-end wrench and fill the container with water, after which you can work as a grinder.
Reference. Propane is heavier than air, and therefore reluctant to leave closed vessels. In order not to get an explosion when cutting metal, it is customary to displace it from there with the help of water.
Assemble the heater according to the presented drawing, observing the following order:
- Cut openings at the end of the cover for mounting the doors and in the body for the chimney pipe. From strips of metal, make frames for the loading and ash doors, weld them to the openings.
- Assemble the grate for welding and place it on the corners fixed inside the cylinder. Weld the cut cover in place.
- Make the sashes as shown in the photo. Install them on hinges and attach constipation.
- Attach legs and a chimney to the body.
After assembly, the stove for a bath from a gas cylinder is melted on the street in order to burn out all the old paint. Then it can be degreased and repainted using a heat-resistant composition of the KO series.
Production of a unit with a remote firebox
To make such a furnace, you need to prepare metal parts and cut the pipe to size, guided by the drawing:
Advice. When preparing metal for an additional section of the heater, measure the thickness of the wall between the steam room and the dressing room. So you will know the width of the stackable part that will fit into the opening of the partition.
Follow the instructions below for further work:
- Cut a hole in the upper part of the pipe, weld the chimney pipe to it, and the legs from the bottom of the firebox. Install the grates as described in the previous section.
- Make the front section and weld it to the firebox. Weld a blank metal disk to the rear end of the housing.
- Make doors with handles insulated with basalt wool and install them in place.
An important point. The lower plane of the remote firebox should be flush with the pipe wall for easy cleaning of the ash pan.
From above, to the finished stove, it remains to weld the frame for the heater from the corners, sheathed with a large-mesh metal mesh. After firing, staining and installation in the bath in place, fill the grid with special stones from the list:
- basalt;
- river pebbles;
- gabbro diabase;
- soapstone.
How a similar sauna stove is made in practice is described in detail in the video:
Making a vertical boiler
A feature of the round unit shown in the drawing is the presence of 3 chambers - fuel, heater and water tank. Their value can vary according to your desire, for example, the larger the size of the firebox you make, the longer 1 bookmark of firewood will burn. Increasing the heater will allow to accumulate more heat, which is released for a long time after the fuel burns out.
Advice. Do not greatly increase the volume of the tank with water, otherwise it will not have time to warm up by the time of washing.
The assembly order of the boiler looks like this:
- Cut blanks of partitions, bottom and cover from metal with a thickness of at least 5 mm. Prepare the ends of the pipe and weld round grates.
- In the case, make openings for doors and a hatch for loading stones.
- Make holes in the partitions for the chimney and install them inside the pipe. Attach the tank lid to the hinges.
- Make doors from semi-circular cut-out pieces and place them on awnings.
- Install a chimney channel and a water drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
If desired, even in this furnace, you can make a remote firebox. To do this, you need to build up the loading and ash channel, welding blanks of metal of the required width to the side of the pipe, as shown in the photo above. The correct assembly of such a heat generator is shown in detail in the following video:
Installing a stove in a bath
Since the right steam room is always built of wood, the main requirement when installing a wood-burning heater is fire safety. To endure it, follow simple rules:
- the stove cannot be placed directly on a wooden floor, but only on a sheet of iron protruding 70 cm in front of the firebox;
- wall cladding made of combustible materials must also be protected from fire with sheets of roofing iron or mineralite;
- when installing a heater with the removal of the firebox, the opening in the wooden partition is also sheathed with non-combustible materials, as is done in the photo;
- the distance from the insulated chimney pipe to wooden building structures is 38 cm.
The channel for the removal of combustion products to the street is recommended to be made of a double-walled sandwich filled with basalt wool. Often, the same square-shaped water tank is used to isolate the chimney, built right into the ceiling. How to properly install the stove in the bath is shown in the diagram:
Important. Do not use sheet or cord asbestos for thermal insulation inside the bathhouse, it emits dust that is harmful to health.
Conclusion
When a homeowner is faced with a choice - to lay down a stone sauna stove or put a metal one, then the majority tends to the second option as more economical. A homemade iron stove will come out even cheaper, in addition, it is ideal in all respects, because you yourself will think over its design. Don't know how to weld? Save money otherwise by ordering the assembly of the unit in a specialized workshop.
Related posts:
