Asiatic lilies planting and care. Lily

The lily flower has been known to people since time immemorial. Of all the varieties of lilies, Asian hybrids are the most unpretentious and have the most diverse colors.
Even in the ancient legends of the Jews and Greeks, the divine origin of this flower was mentioned. Among the ancient Romans, the lily was a favorite flower during the holidays; in France, this flower was a sign of noble birth and royal power.

Asiatic hybrid lilies are descended from their wild relatives - Dahurian, brindle, one-color, drooping, pleasant, European, David, spotted and Dutch. All of the above varieties of lilies come from places where the climate is sharply continental with hot summers and cold winters. Therefore, Asiatic lily is well adapted to the climate of the middle lane. The exception, perhaps, is the East Asian lily, since this variety is bred in countries with a warm climate. Summer there lasts a long time, there are practically no frosts in winter, so this variety grows much worse in our latitudes than in its homeland. You can see what the East Asian lily looks like in the photo: At first they began to breed new varieties of lilies in Japan, then this passion for a beautiful flower passed to North America, Europe, and later to Russia. The most widespread Asian hybrids were in the 50s of the last century. Varieties of Asian lilies In their color and variety of varieties, Asiatic lilies are leading among other varieties of this flower. All Asian hybrids can be divided into groups: Brushmark hybrids. On each of the tepals there is a stroke of a different shape - it can look like a pencil stroke or a large brush stroke. In color, the strokes also differ - cream, light brown, plum red, light yellow, dark purple. Basically, the intensity of such smears depends on the weather. The most spectacular and popular in this group are the following varieties: Elijah - cream color, orange in the center, dark spot. Wangard - golden-orange, a clear currant-red spot. Rostani - light apricot color, dark spot. Zhuravinka - red color with a dark spot. Zorka Venus - light apricot color with a red stroke. Delta - deep yellow color with brown strokes, has a very long flowering period. Bicolor group. This group includes lilies with two or more shades, which can move from one tone to another. Asennaya Farby - red color, orange center without specks. Sorbet is pink with a white center. Grand Cru - deep yellow color, bright red spot at the base of the petals. Tango group. The lilies of this group are simply a masterpiece of selection, because they have a very dense speck in the center and are therefore very showy. The brightest representative of this group is the Jason variety. It has a yellow color and a huge number of specks of dark brown color. The pixie group is very small, it includes miniature varieties, the height of which is not more than 30-40 centimeters. The most famous representative of this group is the Butter Pixie. Her flowers are large, lemon yellow, the base of the flower is golden. A group of terry varieties. Asiatic terry lily grows and blooms beautifully, the most famous variety in this group is Fata Morgana. Asiatic lily bloom In open ground, Asiatic lily blooms in early July, but late varieties of this species bloom much later, in late July or early August. Flowering usually lasts about two weeks. Asiatic lilies are very good for cutting, they are great in a vase, all lily buds gradually bloom, only wilted inflorescences need to be removed in time. These flowers are odorless, which is good, as the strong aroma of other varieties of lilies, collected in a bouquet and left indoors overnight, can give a person a headache. Asiatic lily planting in the ground Planting or transplanting lilies can be done both in spring and autumn. They do not require shelter for the winter, but in the first year, when planting before winter, it is better to cover them. Asian hybrids like neutral, slightly acidic soil. They grow well in both sunny and slightly shaded places, they do not like stagnant water. For active growth and good flowering of plants, it is necessary to choose high-quality planting material. Lily bulbs should be firm, healthy, free from spots and noticeable flaws. It is better to buy large bulbs, as plants that grow from small bulbs may not bloom in the first year after planting. In order to destroy possible pests, lily bulbs after purchase must be treated with a solution of karbofos. Before planting, store the bulbs in a dark, cool place, covering them with sawdust, moss or a damp cloth. Lilies should be planted in prepared holes or trenches. The depth of the hole should not exceed 35-40 cm. Pour some river sand on the bottom and make a small tubercle out of it. This will prevent the roots of the bulb from becoming waterlogged. Then the bulb should be put (preferably sideways) in a hole on the sand, also sprinkled with river sand on top and, only after that, cover it with earth. You need to add compost or humus to the ground, pour it on top and mulch it with sawdust. Asian lilies - care and cultivation Growing Asian lilies is not particularly difficult. In one place without a transplant, lilies can be grown for three or four years. They can sit longer, but then the number of buds on the flower will gradually decrease, the height of the peduncle will decrease, the bulb will become weakened and may get sick, which will later lead to the death of the plant. If many short underdeveloped stems have formed on the main stem, this means that the bulbs in the nest are crowded and it is time to dig them out. The bulbs must be removed from the ground, carefully divided and planted in a new place. In the old place, lilies can be grown only after two years. Asiatic Lily Feeding The first feeding should be done only when the lily grows to a height of 10-15 cm. For feeding you need to use a solution of potassium nitrate. It is necessary to repeat this procedure periodically, with an interval of 10-15 days. At the stage of bud formation and their coloring, plant nutrition is especially important. But fertilizer should not be applied during flowering, as this can lead to a rapid completion of flowering. The last top dressing should be done no later than August 15, this must be done then in order to restore the bulb weakened by flowering. Withered flowers should be removed along with the ovary and not allowed to form seed pods. In autumn, when the leaves of the lily begin to turn yellow, the stems of the plants must be cut off at ground level and burned, as they are not suitable for compost. Asiatic lily forcing Asian hybrids, unlike other types of lilies, can be used for forcing. In September, you need to plant a large and healthy bulb in a flower pot, cover it from the rain and leave it outside before the onset of frost. With the onset of winter, a pot of lilies should be placed in the basement. In January or early February, a lily pot must be placed in a room where the temperature does not exceed 10-15 degrees. After a couple of weeks, move the pot to the room, and soon the plant will bloom. If the lighting in the room is not strong enough, then additional illumination can be used. For forcing, it is better to take varieties with a brighter color, since when forcing, the color of the flower will turn out to be lighter. After flowering, such a bulb must be planted in open ground, where it will gain strength, and will continue to develop normally. Reproduction of Asiatic lilies Lilies can be propagated in several ways: dividing the nest of bulbs, in which in the fall they dig out the main bulb a little, a small bulb is separated and planted in a new place; reproduction by children, which are formed on the roots of the main bulb; reproduction by scales, when the scales are separated from the bulb and used as a new planting material; propagation by stem bulbs that appear on the stem of the lily, fall off, take root, then they are dug up and transplanted in a new place. When propagated by all of the above methods, new young lilies will bloom only after two years. Diseases and pests of Asian lilies In cold and rainy weather, lilies can be affected by a disease called botrytis. It manifests itself in the appearance of reddish-brown spots on the leaves of the plant, which can subsequently capture all the leaves and buds. In this case, it is necessary to spray the lilies with Bordeaux or Burgundy liquid. Plant bulbs can become ill with fusarium (bulb bottom rot). If this happens, then the bulbs are dug up, washed and placed for half an hour in a solution of foundationol. Asian lilies are able to decorate any garden or backyard with the brightness of their colors and shades, a riot of colors and a variety of shapes.

Asian hybrids make up almost a third of the world's lily range. They are easy to grow and are better than other groups for cultivation in harsh climatic zones. Asiatic lilies are highly winter hardy and hardy. For planting choose open sunny areas or partial shade. For most varieties, calcareous soils are not suitable. In care, Asian hybrids are unpretentious, but they will thank you with lush flowering for generous nutrition and timely watering.

Planting Asiatic Lilies

Proper planting of lilies begins with the choice of high-quality planting material. Bulbs are carefully selected, processed before planting and planted according to a given pattern in a suitable place.

Asiatic lily planting dates

It doesn't matter what kind of lily you decide to plant on the site - it all starts with the purchase of a bulb. The beginning of autumn (in September) is the best time to buy and plant lilies in the ground.

Take planting material in a reliable and trusted place with good reviews. Before buying, turn the bulb from all sides in your hand - it should be healthy, without damage to the bottom.

It happens that you have to plant blooming lilies in the summer, in mid-July.

Processing bulbs before planting Asiatic lilies

All bulbs, even those bought from good friends, I always treat with 10% karbofos, let them write that it is outdated, but it helps very well against pests. Dilute 5 ml in 1 liter of water, and place the bulb in this solution for 10 seconds. Then rinse it with running water and start preparing for planting.

Choosing a place for planting Asiatic lilies

When choosing a planting site, remember that Asian hybrids grow best in an open area. You can place the plants in a site with light penumbra, the flowers will feel comfortable there, and the amount of watering will decrease.

Lilies most well perceive moderate sunlight in the morning. The scorching afternoon sun can harm the leaf blades, because water that has fallen on the foliage during rain or watering can act as a lens.

Preparing the soil for planting Asiatic lilies

Two weeks before planting corms in the ground, I begin to prepare the soil. The earth needs to be dug up to a full bayonet of a shovel, loosen and remove all weeds. If the soil is dry, it must be spilled, spending 1 bucket of water per 1 sq. m.

I advise you to select loose, fertile, air- and water-permeable soils for lilies, for example, light loam or sandy loam, although garden land will also be a suitable habitat for them. If the soil is heavy or too damp, then I advise you to add 1 sq. m in a bucket of sand, otherwise the bulbs will rot due to the fact that excess moisture can accumulate between the scales.

Asian lily planting pattern

When determining the lily planting scheme, first you need to calculate the optimal depth, it will depend on the composition of the soil and on the strength of the growth of a particular variety.

I usually plant on 3 onion diameters. On light, sandy soils, tubers can be buried another 1 diameter, and on heavy soils, on the contrary, they can be planted 1 diameter higher.

When taking into account the strength of growth, you need to know how powerful and how quickly the flower will grow. For example, if the growth is moderate, the plant is not tall, then the planting depth should not exceed 11-13 cm, if the bulb is large enough, and if it is small, 8-9 cm.

On the site, I try to plant 5-6 lilies of each variety with a distance of 18-20 cm between them.

At the bottom of the hole, before planting the bulb, I always put a handful of river sand. I set the bulb directly on it with the bottom and sprinkle the hole with earth. After planting, I always mulch the soil with peat or humus, laying them in a layer of 1-2 cm.

Asian Lily Care

Lily care I start the next year after planting. I focus on loosening the soil, watering, removing weeds and, of course, top dressing.

Watering Asiatic Lilies

It is best to water Asian hybrids under the root, and not along the foliage, otherwise signs of fungal diseases may appear on the leaf blades. Lilies prefer moderately moist soil. If the flowers are poured, the plants will begin to wither, and the bulbs will rot.

A mixture of dry river sand and wood ash can save lilies from excessive waterlogging. Mix these ingredients (literally in a matchbox), add to the plants and do not water for a week.

Asiatic Lily Feeding

Lilies consume moisture and nutrients from the soil at the very beginning of summer and immediately after flowering, when the bulb begins to actively form. In order to help plants both in growth and in the accumulation of nutrient reserves, it is advisable to feed them.

1. The first top dressing is best done in the spring, when there are no shoots on the surface yet, 1 tbsp is enough. l. ammonium nitrate per 1 sq. m. Those who do not like chemistry can be advised to make wood ash. Do not pour a lot - 80-90 g per 1 sq. m is enough. Ash is generally good because it is completely harmless, and it can be applied at least the whole season, literally 1 tbsp. l., and I use it very often to fertilize my cosmos and lilies.

Remember, if you provide the lilies with adequate nutrition, they will bloom more magnificently, the buds will grow large, the color will become more saturated and bright.

2. The second top dressing, or rather preventive treatment, can be carried out when sprouts appear. I advise you to shed the soil with 1% Bordeaux mixture, at the rate of 1 liter per 1 sq. m.

3. I spend the third dressing when buds appear. Then ammonium nitrate is used, it needs about half of 1 tsp. for each plant.

4. Well, in July, when August is approaching, I add superphosphate under my lilies. To prepare the solution, dilute 1 tbsp. l. in a bucket of water and spend 2-3 liters per 1 sq. m.

Shelter of Asiatic lilies for the winter

I start the winter shelter of lilies for the winter when the soil is a little frosty. I don’t spend money on special covering materials, I use ordinary plastic wrap. In the spring, I remove the film as soon as the snow melts, so that the soil warms up faster.

Lily (lat. Lilium) - a perennial flowering plant, belongs to the class of monocotyledonous, lily-colored order, lily family, lily genus. These beautiful flowers have been known since ancient times. The image of a lily is found on frescoes, vases, coins of various ancient civilizations - Greece, Rome, Egypt, Persia. In many nations, this flower is considered a symbol of purity, innocence, purity. The name lily in translation from the ancient Celtic means "whiteness", and from the ancient Gaulish - "white-white".

Lily - description, structure, characteristics. What does a lily look like?

Lilies have a bulb, which is a shortened stem and consists of separate, adjacent to each other scales, which are modified leaves. During the growing season, nutrient reserves are deposited in them. Scales are different in size, shape, location. In summer, they grow, starting from the center of the bulb. The outer scales periodically die off. Depending on the species, they are the size of an oatmeal (in the oat lily (L. avenaceum)), and are up to 10 cm in diameter (in the Henry lily (L. Henryi)). Usually the number of scales is 8-40 pieces, but sometimes they can be 100-120 pieces, as, for example, in the bulb of the Kesselring lily (L. Kesselringianum). From each scale separated from the bulb, a new bulb can form.

The structure of the lily bulb can be of various types: concentric, stolon, pseudo-stolon, rhizome. Depending on the species, the bulbs have a different color: white (Asian lilies), purple (tubular lilies), yellow (Caucasian lilies).

From the base of the bottom of the bulb grow the main or subbulb roots, for the most part perennial. With their help, the plant stays in the ground and feeds. These species include pure white lily (L. candidum), tile lily (L. testaceum), etc.

Most lilies have stem or supra-bulb roots. They grow from a short underground part of the stem and serve to nourish and absorb moisture from the surface layer of the soil, and also help to keep the stem upright. Such roots die off in autumn along with the stem. This group of lilies is called stem-root. Its representatives are Lily regale (L. regale), Henry lily (L. Henryi), special lily (L. Speciosum), etc.

Taken from: www.botanicazales.com

The stem of the lily is smooth, sometimes pubescent, brownish or green. Its height can reach 2 - 2.5 m in Oriental lilies and their hybrids, and in some wild species only 15-20 cm.

The stem is covered with sessile leaves. Their placement and shape are different depending on the type of plant. Lily leaves can be whorled on the stem, i.e. several leaves depart from one node, as, for example, in a curly lily (L. martagon), and next, that is, one at a time, like in a drooping lily (L. cernuum). Often these two forms can be combined: at the bottom of the whorl, and towards the top, the leaves are arranged in a spiral. The leaves are linear or lanceolate with longitudinal venation. Their width ranges from 2 to 6 cm, and the length is from 2 to 20 cm. Usually, the leaves are larger in the lower part of the plant, and decrease towards the top. The color of lily leaves is varied: from light green to dark purple. Their surface may be glossy or pubescent. In many species of lilies, mini-bulbs are formed in the axils of the leaves, called bulbs, for example, in the lanceolate lily (L. lancifolium). Once on the ground, they germinate.

The main species characteristics of lilies are the shape, color and size of their flowers. The size of the flower is determined by the diameter and height. The smallest flowers in wild lilies - from 2 cm in diameter, the largest - in golden (L. auratum), beautiful (L. speciosum) lilies and their hybrids - up to 30 cm.

Lily flowers are collected at the top of the stem in inflorescences, numbering from 5 to 35 or more flowers. Occasionally there are 1-2 flowers. Inflorescence types can be as follows:

• racemose,
• paniculate,
• umbrella,
• corymbose.

Lily flower consists of 6 petals, 6 stamens with large elongated anthers and pistil. Flowers are shaped like:

• tubular,
• cup-shaped (or cup-shaped),
• funnel-shaped
• stellate (star-shaped),
• chalmoid,
• bell-shaped
• flat.

In addition, as a result of crossing different types of lilies, many hybrids appeared, in which the flower shape is a mixture of classical forms, for example, star-shaped flat.

The color of the petals of a lily flower can be very diverse, and as a result of hybridization, the color palette has expanded even more. Lilies come in yellow, orange, red, pink, lilac, apricot, and in between. There are distinct specks on the petals, differing in number, color, size, shape and density of placement. Hybrids have been bred that do not have specks, for example, Connecticut Meid, elegant lily (Narjadnaja). Specks are varietal features of the genus, as are the color of anthers, pollen, stamen filaments, style of pistil and stigma.

Some types of lilies, such as longiflora and oriental, have a pleasant aroma, most trumpet lilies smell strongly, and many Asiatic lilies do not smell at all.

Where does the lily grow?

In the wild, lilies grow in the Northern Hemisphere: in Europe, Asia, several species in North America and North Africa. They occupy a vast territory between 68° N. sh. and 11° N. sh. Particularly rich in lily species are Western China, Southeastern Tibet and Northern Burma.

Wild lilies are found in mountainous areas and foothills, in forests, in glades and edges, in wetlands or open grassy slopes. In the steppe zone, lilies rarely grow. Cultivated varieties of lilies, with proper care, can grow in gardens everywhere.

Varieties of lilies, photos and names

As a result of crossing different types of lilies, about 10 thousand hybrids of this plant arose. In 1962, American breeder Jan de Graaf proposed a classification based on their origin and common biological features. It was accepted as an international classification of lilies and is still used, subject to clarifications and additions. According to this classification, all lilies were divided into 10 sections. The first eight sections include varieties, and the ninth - types of lilies.

Section 1. Asian hybrids (Asiatic hybrids)

Section 2. Curly hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

Section 3. White hybrids (Candidum hybrids)

Section 4. American hybrids

Section 5. Longiflorum hybrids (Longiflorum hybrids)

Section 6. Trumpet and Aurelian hybrids

Section 7. Oriental hybrids

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids (hybrids between lilies 1, 5, 6 and 7 sections LA hybrids, OT hybrids, LO hybrids, OA hybrids)

Section 9. All wild species of lilies and their varieties.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections.

Section 1. Asian lily hybrids

It has approximately 5,000 varieties of lilies and is the most numerous of all sections. The height of Asian lilies is different - from 40 cm to 1.5 m. These flowers are unpretentious, frost-resistant, rarely get sick, resist pests well, they are easy to propagate. They have large flowers, 10-14 cm in diameter, of the most diverse colors - from snow-white to almost black. They begin to bloom in late June, finish in early August. Asian hybrids were created by crossing East Asian species: Maksimovich lily, tiger lily (Lilium tigrinum), David lily (Lilium davidii), drooping lily (Lilium cernuum), dwarf lily (Lilium pumilum), Pennsylvania lily (Lilium pensylvanicum), single-color lily (Lilium concolor) and others, as well as interspecific hybrids: Lilium scottiae, Dutch (Lilium hollandicum) and spotted lily (Lilium maculatum). The plants included in this section, in turn, are divided into groups. There are three such groups. The composition of each of them is determined by the shape of the flower and its orientation:

1a - cup-shaped or cup-shaped flowers directed upwards,

1b - flowers are directed in different directions.

1c - turban-shaped flowers directed downwards (drooping).

Several Asian hybrids have double monochromatic flowers: Aphrodite (Aphrodite), Sphinx (Sphinx), Fata Morgana (Fata Morgana), Elodie (EIodie); and some - double flowers of two colors: Double Sensation (Double Sensation). Asian hybrids are odorless. The following are some Asian varieties of lilies.

• Aaron(Aaron)

Asian lily with white double flowers. It reaches a height of 80 cm. It blooms in June - July.

• Nove Cento (New cento)

Asian lily. The perianth is bright yellow-green with a small number of dark red dots, the same shade of stigma and rich orange pollen. The diameter of the flower is 15.5 cm. The lily is not very tall: from 60 to 90 cm. It blooms all July.

• Mapira (Mapira)

Asiatic lily. The flowers are burgundy-black, iridescent, with bright orange stamens. The diameter of the flower is up to 18 cm. The height of the lily is 130 cm. The flowering period of the Mapira lily is June-July.

• Mystery Dream (Mystery dream)

Asian hybrid. Lily with terry light green petals. Dark dots in the center. Not very tall plants, up to 80 cm. They bloom in July-August.

Taken from: www.bakker.com

• Double Sensation(Double sensation)

Asian hybrid dark red with a white center. Lily petals are terry. Plant height 60-70 cm. Blooms in mid-summer.

Taken from: www.citychickens.co.uk

• Lion Heart(Leon Heart)

Asian lily of an unusual, catchy color. The petals are black with a purple sheen, and the tips and base of the petals are bright yellow with dark purple specks. Flowers 12-15 cm in diameter. It grows up to 60-80 cm. The flowering period of the lily is June - July.

• Detroit(Detroit)

Asian lily. The flowers are bright red with a yellowish-orange center, the stamens are yellow-red with dark red anthers. The diameter of the flowers is 12-17 cm. The height of the lily is up to 90-120 cm. The flowering period is June-July.

Taken from: www.about-garden.com

Section 2. Curly lily hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

The section consists of about two hundred species of lilies. Plants reach a height of one and a half meters. They grow in a variety of soil types, preferring shady but not dark areas. Orchards are well suited for curly lily hybrids. It is better not to transplant these lilies, they do not like it. But they are frost-resistant and durable. Lilies of the second section have medium-sized flowers with a diameter of 5-8 cm, with buds looking down, the petals are twisted up. The perianth is covered with dark spots and has a variety of colors: yellow, pink, white, orange, dark red, brownish and light lavender. Peduncles are widely spaced. Curly hybrids are descended from curly lilies ( L. martagon), Hanson ( L. hansonii), copper-shaped ( L. medeoloides), two-row ( L. distichum), Tsingtaut ( L. tsingtauense). Martagon hybrids have a pleasant, delicate aroma. Here are some varieties of curly lily hybrids: Chameleon, Claude Shride, Guinea Gold, Manitoba Fox, Maroon King, Manitoba Morning, Arabian Night ( Arabian Night).

• Claude Shride

Martagon is a lily hybrid with a height of 120 to 190 cm. The petals are curved, dark red with a purple tint, covered with yellow-orange spots closer to the middle. Flower diameter up to 10 cm. The plant is frost-resistant and unpretentious. The lily blooms in June.

• Slate's Morning

Curly lily hybrid. The flowers are about 10 cm in diameter, the petals are yellowish in color closer to the middle and pink at the edges. The dots are brown, located in the middle of the flower. This lily grows from 90 to 150 cm in height. The flowering time of this variety is June-July.

Section 3. Snow-white hybrids of lilies

The name European hybrids is often used for this section, since they are descended from European types of lilies, such as snow-white lily (L. candidum), chalcedony (L. chalcedonicum) and other European species, except for curly lilies. And this section received the name "snow-white hybrids" due to the fact that it includes plants whose flowers are painted in white or slightly yellowish hues. The perianth is tubular or broadly funnel-shaped. The flower reaches 10-12 cm in diameter and smells good. The stem is high: 120-180 cm. Snow-white hybrids of lilies are whimsical, they need attention and care, they are often affected by a fungus, they do not tolerate cold well, they need to be covered for the winter. These lilies love sunny areas. The best varieties of Candidum hybrids include the Apollo variety.

• Apollo (Apollo)

Candidum lily hybrid. Blooms from June to July. The flowers are snow-white with small dark dots in the middle, fragrant, 10-12 cm in diameter. Plant height from 80 to 120 cm.

• Madonna (madonna

Snow-white hybrid of lilies. Pure white flower 10-12 cm in diameter, tubular with recurved petals. Blooms in June - July. Has a delicate aroma.

Section 4. American Lily Hybrids

These are descendants of species growing in North America: leopard lilies ( L. pardalinum), Colombian lily ( L. columbianum), canadian lily ( L. canadence) and others (total 140 items). They reach a height of 2 m. Flowering time is July. Lily flowers are tubular or bell-shaped, with a diameter of 10-12 cm and a wide variety of colors. The flowers are often bicolored and covered with large specks. Most plants have a pleasant smell. At home, these hybrids are unpopular. They prefer slightly shaded places, but they do not like transplantation. American hybrids are whimsical: they need regular watering and winter shelter. Here are some varieties of American lily hybrids: Lake Tulare (Lake Tulare), Shaksan (Shuksan), Afterglow (Afterglow), Buttercup (Buttercup).

• Lake Tular (Lake Tulare)

American lily hybrid. The petals are strongly bent, yellowish in the middle with dark red dots, pinkish at the edges. It grows up to 120 cm in height.

• afterglow (Afterglow)

American hybrid. Lily flowers are drooping, turban-shaped, crimson-red, with large dark spots. Tall plant - up to 2 m.

Section 5. Long-flowered lily hybrids

Descended from the long-flowered lily ( L. longiflorum), Formosan ( L. formosanum), Philippine ( L. philippinense) and other tropical and subtropical lilies. The average height of the whole plant is from 1 to 1.2 m, and the height of the flower is 15-20 cm. The flowers are bell-shaped. The buds are multidirectional, drooping. Petals are painted in shades of white. They have a delicate aroma. Longiflora lilies are more afraid of frost than any other species, since the "parent" species that grow in the subtropical zone of southern Japan are not accustomed to the cold. In colder latitudes than the subtropics, these plants are grown in greenhouses. The best varieties of long-flowered hybrids: White Heaven, White Elegans, White Fox.

• White Haven (White Heaven)

Long-flowered lily hybrid growing up to 90-110 cm in height. The flowers are 15 cm in diameter, white with a greenish center and slightly curled petals. Flowering time July - August.

• White Fox (White Fox)

Long-flowered hybrid of white color with a slight yellowness. It reaches a height of 130 cm. The length of the flower tube is up to 16 cm, and the diameter is up to 12 cm.

Taken from the site: www.euflora.eu

Section 6. Tubular and Orleans hybrids of lilies

Orleans hybrids - the result of crossing Henry's lily ( L. Henryi) with the following types of lilies: royal lily ( L. regale), glorious ( L. gloriosum), Sargent ( L. sargentiae), sulfurous ( L. sulphureum), white-flowered ( L. leucanthum) and others. There are up to 1000 varieties in this group. The section is divided into 4 subsections, taking into account the shape of the flowers and their position on the stem.

but. Tubular (like a royal lily).

b. Cup-shaped (with wide open leaves).

in. Drooping (having a chalmoid shape).

d. Star-shaped (having a flat shape).

Flowers in tubular hybrids are large, from 12 to 18 cm in length, with a very strong aroma. The coloring is very different. Plants have a height of 120-190 cm. Viral and fungal diseases are not terrible for tubular hybrids. These are hardy, cold-resistant plants that love sunny areas. They need good drainage to grow successfully. Here are some varieties of tubular and Orleans hybrids: Pink Perfection, African Queen, Royal Gold, Golden Splendor, Lady Alice, Regale.

• African Queen(African Queen)

A very fragrant variety of lilies, which belongs to tubular hybrids. It has a racemose inflorescence of 3-6 large flowers directed upwards, 15-16 cm in diameter. The flower is orange-apricot, brown strokes are located on the outer side of the petals. The height of these lilies reaches 120-140 cm. The flowering period of this variety of lilies is July-August.

Taken from the site: www.zahrada-cs.com

• Pink Perfection (pink perfection)

A variety of lilies from Orleans hybrids. Flowers with a diameter of 11 cm and a length of 13 cm have lilac-pink petals, light green filaments, a brown style on top and bright orange anthers. They are collected in racemose inflorescences of 5-7 pieces. Plant height reaches 180 cm. Flowering period - August.

Section 7. Oriental lily hybrids

Were obtained from species growing in East Asia: beautiful lilies ( L. speciosum), golden ( L. auratum), Japanese ( L. japonicum), reddish ( L. rubellum), as well as their hybrids with Henry's lily ( L. Henryi). These include about 1300 varieties. These lilies are very whimsical and love warmth. They reach a height of 40 cm to 1.2 m. The flowers are huge (up to 30 cm in diameter) with corrugated petals, painted in white, red and pink tones. The varieties Miss Lucy and Double Star have double petals. A distinctive feature of the color is the edging along the edge of the petals or a strip in the center. Lilies bloom from August to September. In this section, 4 subsections are also distinguished according to the shape of the flowers:

but. lilies with a tubular flower shape.

b. lilies with a cup-shaped flower.

in. Lilies with a flat flower shape.

d. Lilies with recurved petals.

The best varieties of oriental lily hybrids: Miss Burma (Miss Birma), Tarden Pati (Garden Party), Stargazer (Stargazer), Casa Blanca (Casa Blanca), Crystal Star (Crystal Star), Le Reve (Le Reve), Salmon Star (Salmon star).

• Canberra(Canberra)

A variety of lilies, which belongs to the oriental hybrids. Blooms from August to September. Crimson flowers, dark spots on the petals, the middle is yellow. Plant height - up to 180 cm.

• Stargazer

Oriental hybrid with upturned raspberry-pink flowers, 15-17 cm in diameter. Lily petals are wavy at the edges, almost completely covered with oblong, convex, dark red spots. Lilies bloom in August and have a strong aroma. Plant height - 80-150 cm.

• Salmon Star

An oriental hybrid growing up to 2 m. The flowers are large, up to 20 cm in diameter or more. Flowering time - June-July. Pale salmon-colored petals are covered with bright orange specks, corrugated. These lilies exude a very strong fragrance.

Taken from: www.jparkers.co.uk

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids of lilies

This is a section that includes all interspecific hybrids of lilies that were not included in the previous sections. Their name consists of the first letters of the species of their "parents": LA, OT, LO, OA.

LA hybrids(longiflorum asiatic) - hybrids of Asiatic lilies (Asiatic) and lilies longiflorum (Longiflorum). Their number, which is about 200 varieties, continues to increase. They have the best qualities inherent in their parents: endurance and a variety of colors (from Asian hybrids), the ability to develop rapidly (from long-flowered). Thanks to the latest LA hybrids have large flowers, as if made of wax. They bloom profusely throughout June and July, along with Asian species. Favorable places for growth are open or slightly shaded areas. LA hybrids are winter-hardy.

OT hybrids obtained by crossing oriental lilies (Oriental) and tubular lilies (Trumpet). They were first obtained in the 90s of the twentieth century. Large, directed to the sides or upwards, wide-cupped or funnel-shaped flowers form up to thirty inflorescences. Coloring can be multi-color or monophonic: yellow, orange, red or pink. Flowers appear in July - August and smell strongly. Plants are tall, with strong stems. For growth reaching 180 cm, and sometimes 2.5 meters, they are called "Lily-trees".

LO hybrids emerged not so long ago. By crossing long-flowered (Longiflorum) and oriental (Oriental) hybrids in various combinations, breeders obtained LO hybrids. Tall, up to 100 - 130 cm, plants tolerate sun and shade equally well. Delicate flowers, painted in yellow and combinations of white and pink, have a short tubular or funnel shape. The diameter of the flowers is 10-20 cm. The aroma of lilies is very pleasant.

OA hybrids- another completely new, promising group obtained from crossing oriental (Oriental) and Asian (Aziatic) hybrids. Directed mainly upwards, the flowers of these lilies are slightly smaller than those of oriental hybrids, but no less beautiful. The leaves of this group of lilies are wider than those of the orientals. Plants are unpretentious.

• Pretty Woman (Prettywoman)

OT-hybrid of lilies up to 180 cm high. Blooms in July-August. The flower is very large, the color is cream, turning into pink towards the center.

• triumphant(Triumphator)

LO hybrid. Lily 120-140 cm high with very large, up to 25 cm in diameter, flowers. The flower has wide white petals with a pink-crimson center, bright yellow-green nectaries, orange anthers and a yellowish-green stigma. Lily Triumfator blooms in July-August.

• Anastasia(Anastasia)

OT-hybrid up to 150 cm high. Curved petals are painted pink, the edges and middle of the flower are white. Also, the flower has crimson veins and specks inside. Lily blooms in July.

• shocking (Shocking)

OT hybrid of lilies. Petals bright yellow, inside red-brown strokes, with red dots, greenish-yellowish outside. The stigma is purple with a green top, the nectaries are yellow-green, the anthers are dark red-brown. The flowers are large, up to 21 cm. The height of the plant is up to 130 cm. Lilies of this variety bloom in July - August.

Section 9. Species lilies

This includes about a hundred species of wild lilies, common in southern Europe, in eastern Asia, in the mountains of India, and several species of northern America. In 1949, the English scientist Comber classified species lilies based on the geography of their growth and biological characteristics. This classification was revised and supplemented by M.V. Baranova in 1988.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections

• Lady Alice (Lady Alice) - a rare hybrid.

The flowers are turban-shaped with strongly recurved apricot-orange petals, with white edges and light brown dots. The stamens are very long. Plant stem 120-150 cm, covered with dark brown-violet spots. Lily blooms in July-August.

Lily classification

Lily is a plant that has a large species composition. Growing in vast territories, these flowers differ from each other not only in the structure of bulbs, flowers, inflorescences and seeds, but also in the requirements for soil, humidity, and temperatures. There are several classifications of lilies, each of which subdivides them into a number of groups. At present, the classification of V.M. Baranova, adopted in 1988. According to this classification, the genus of lilies is divided into 11 sections, which include the following species:

Section 1Lilium

L. snow-white or white - L. candidum.

Section 2Eurolilium

L. Albanian - L.albanicum,

L. carniolskaya - L. carniolicum,

L. Kesselring - L. kesselringianum,

L. Ledebour - L. ledebouri,

L. monofraternal - L. monadelphum,

L. ciliated (pubescent) - L. ciliatum,

L. Iberian - L. pyrenaicum,

L. pompom - L. pomponicum,

L. Sovich or Shovitsa - L. szovitsianum,

L. Chalcedonian - L. chalcedonicum,

L. artvinskaya - L. artvinense,

L. pontic - L.ponticum,

L. Rhodope - L. rhodopaeum.

Section 3.martagon

L. Hanson - L. hansonii,

L. two-row - L. distichum,

L. curly or Saranka - L. martagon,

L. weak - L. debile,

L. honey-shaped - L. medeoloides,

L. qingdaoskaya (tsingtauskaya) - L. tsingtauense.

Section 4Pseudomartagon

L. proud or magnificent - L. superbum,

L. Canadian - L. canadence,

L. leopard - L. pardalinum,

L. Michigan - L. michiganense,

L. Gray - L. grayi,

L. Michaud - L. michauxii,

L. rainbow - L. iridollae,

L. Pitkin - L. pitkinense,

L. Vollmer - L. vollmeri,

L. Wiggins - L. wigginsii,

L. seaside - L. maritinum,

L. western - L. ociidentale,

L. Kelly - L. kelleyanum,

L. small - L. parvum,

L. Parry - L. parryi,

L. Humboldt - L. humboldtii,

L. eye - L. icellatum,

L. Bolander - L. bolanderi,

L. Colombian - L. columbianum,

L. Washington - L. washingtonianum,

L. blushing - L. rubescens,

L. Kellogg - L. kelloggii.

Section 5. Archelirion

L. Alexandra - L. alexandrae,

L. Henry - L.henryi,

L. golden - L. auratum,

L. reddish - L. rubellum,

L. beautiful - L. speciosum,

L. Japanese - L. japonicum,

L. Konishi - L. konishii,

L. Rosthorn - L. rosthornii,

L. noblest - L. nobilissimum.

Section 6Regalia

L. white-flowered - L. leucanthum,

L. sulfur yellow or countless - L. sulphureum = L. myriophylium, L. Brown - L. brownii,

L. Wallich - L. wallichianum,

L. longiflora - L. longiflorum,

L. nilgirskaya (neilpherskaya) - L. neilgherrense,

L. Sargent - L. sargentiae,

L. Philippine - L. philippinense,

L. Taiwanese - L. formosanum,

L. regal or royal - L. regale.

Section 7Sinomartagon

L. David - L. davidii,

L. dwarf - L. pumilum,

L. Lankong - L. lankongense,

L. drooping - L. cernuum,

L. pleasant - L. amabile,

L. papillary - L. papilliferum,

L. thali - L. taliense,

L. lanceolate or brindle - L. lancifolium = L. tigrinum,

L. Leuchtlin - L. leichtlinii,

L. false brindle or Maksimovich - L. pseudotigrinum,

L. Willmott - L. willmottiae,

L. Chinese - L. sinensis,

L. Duchartre - L. duchaertrey,

L. Ward - L. wardii, L. Nina - L. ninae,

L. Tien Shan - L. tianschanicum.

Section 8. Sinolirium

L. monochrome - L. concolor,

L. Bush - L.buschianum.

Section 9. Pseudolirium

L. Pennsylvania or Dahurian - L. pennsylvanicum = L. dauricum,

L. bulbous - L. bulbiferum,

L. orange - L. aurantiacum,

L. spotted - L. x maculatum,

L. Philadelphia - L. philadelphicum,

L. Catsby - L. catesbaei.

Section 10. Nepalensia

L. calloused - L. callosum,

L. Nepalese - L. nepalense,

L. primrose - L. primulinum,

L. Poilena - L. poilanei,

L. woody - L. arboricola,

L. multi-leaved - L. polyphyllum,

L. Farge - L. fargesii,

L. yellowish - L. xanthellum,

L. Stuart - L.stewartianum.

Section 11. Lophophora

L. lovely - L. amoenum,

L. Baker - L. bakerianum,

L. George - L. george,

L. Prince Henri - L.henrici,

L. combed - L. lophophorum,

L. McLean - L. macklinae,

L. undersized - L. nanum,

L. strange - L. paradoxum,

L. youthful - L. sempervivoideum,

L. Sheriff - L. sheriffiae,

L. Souley - L. souliei,

L. three-headed - L. triceps.

Types of lilies, photos and names

Below is a description of some types of lilies.

• Lily white, she is white lily or lily pure white (lat. L ilium c andidum)

The plant reaches 100-150 cm in height. The bulb is round, up to 15 cm in diameter, consists of lanceolate scales of white or yellowish color. The stem of the lily is smooth, light green in color, sometimes with purple strokes. The leaves are smooth, light green, wider at the bottom than the top. The lower leaves are collected in a rosette, and are arranged alternately up the stem. Flowers broadly funnel-shaped, pure white. The pollen is light yellow. The fruit of a lily is a box. The white lily blooms from June to July.

The plant is native to the Mediterranean. White lilies grow in southern Europe, southwestern Asia, and also in Russia (everywhere to the taiga zone). The plant reproduces by scales and seeds. This flower has long been used in cosmetology and medicine.

Taken from the site: www.fernanda-flowers.com

Taken from: www.easytogrowbulbs.com

• lily curly (lat. L ilium martagon )

It has several names: Saranka, Sardana, Sarana, Badun, Maslyanka, Royal Curls, Forest Lily, Turkish Lily. The plant reaches a height of 150 cm. The bulb is ovoid, up to 10 cm in diameter. It consists of narrow-lanceolate scales of golden yellow color. The stem is cylindrical, green with dark purple strokes, glabrous or pubescent. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, collected in whorls of 6-10 at the bottom, arranged alternately towards the top. Lily flowers are drooping, 3-4 cm in diameter, collected in racemose inflorescences. The perianth has a turban-like shape and a dull lilac-pink color with dark brown spots. The pollen is brown-red. Known varieties of curly lily with flowers from white to almost black.

This lily blooms in June. She is unpretentious, frost-resistant. Her homeland is Eurasia. Curly lily grows on plains, meadows, in mountains and foothills, in broad and small-leaved forests from Portugal in the west to the headwaters of the Lena River in the east, and from the mouth of the Yenisei in the north to Southern Mongolia in the south. The lily propagates by dividing bulb nests, bulbous scales. In culture, this lily is used as an ornamental plant. Both the main species and its subspecies are used in hybridization. Lily bulbs can be eaten as a condiment. The plant is a honey plant and is used in medicine and veterinary medicine.

• Lily Henry (lat. L ilium h enryi)

It is named after the Irish botanist Augustine Henry, who first found it. Known since 1889. The height of the lily varies from 150 to 250 cm. The stem of the plant is cylindrical, curved, green, with dark purple strokes. The leaves are lanceolate, often sickle-curved, glabrous, dark green. Lily inflorescence paniculate, consists of 10-20 drooping flowers on long pedicels. The shape of the perianth is slightly turban-shaped, the color is light orange with dark relief spots, strokes, papillae and a bright green nectar-bearing furrow. A garden variety of Henry's lily is known with light lemon-yellow flowers. The pollen of the flower is dark brown.

Lilies bloom from August to September inclusive. The flowers of this plant are fragrant and hardy.

The Henry lily is native to Central China. It reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs - children. Used in hybridization.

• lily regal (lat. L ilium r egale), she is lily royal, Tibetan lily, lily regale,chinese lily

One of the most widespread species in culture. Found by the English botanist Ernest Wilson in the Chinese province of Sichuan.

The plant reaches a height of 120-180 cm. The bulb of the plant is round, 10-15 cm in diameter, consists of large lanceolate scales of yellow or yellowish-brown tones, becoming dark purple in the light. The stem is ribbed, gray-green in color with dark purple strokes. The plant has supra-bulbous roots. Leaves linear, alternate. The inflorescences of the royal lily are racemose, containing up to 30 flowers. Flowers are tubular, up to 15 cm long and 10-15 cm in diameter. Lily petals are white, pinkish-brown on the outside, with glitter and yellowness in the throat. On the inside there is a green nectar-bearing furrow. The pollen of the flowers is bright yellow.

The royal lily blooms in mid-July. This is a very fragrant plant, resistant to various diseases. The disadvantage is the instability to late frosts. The royal lily reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs. Widely used in breeding and hybridization. A large group of tubular hybrids originated from the lily regale.

• Lily dwarf (thin-leaved, undersized, low, narrow-leaved) (lat.Lilium pumilum , Lilium tenuifolium )

It has a height of 20-60 cm. The bulb is white, ovoid, up to 4 cm in diameter. Lanceolate scales fit snugly together, creating the appearance of one whole. Stem erect, glabrous or covered with stiff hairs. The color of the stem is green, rarely purple. In the middle, it is densely covered with alternate leaves, the top and bottom of the stem are bare. The flowers are bright red, turban-shaped, drooping, solitary or 2-8 pieces in loose racemose inflorescences.

The lily blooms in mid-July. Dwarf lilies grow in the Altai Mountains, Mongolia, China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan. The plant is found on open rocky slopes among grasses and low shrubs. In Russia, the thin-leaved lily is distributed from the Yenisei to the Sea of ​​Japan. Winter-hardy. Propagated by seeds. Lily dwarf is widely used in breeding.

• Lily tiger (lanceolate)(lat. L ilium lancifolium, previously - L ilium t igrinum)

A plant of medium height from 100 to 120 cm. The bulb is loose, ovoid, consisting of oval white scales. The stem is ribbed, pubescent, brown. The leaves are lanceolate, arranged in the next order. The bulbs are in the axils of the leaves. Lily flowers are chalmoid, drooping, 2-15 pieces per inflorescence. The pollen is brown. The color of the lily is orange-red with black spots, reminiscent of a predatory color.

• Lily Bush (lily beautiful, pretty) (lat.Lilium buschianum , Lilium p ulchellum)

She is of East Asian origin. The tubers of this lily were sent from Russia to England, where the plant was described by the English botanist K. Lodigez in 1830 and was named the Bush lily. In Russia, in 1839, the description of the flower was made by the German botanist F.B. Fisher, who is in the service in Russia. For its miniature size and beautiful flowers, the lily was called Pulchellum - pretty.

Plant height is 30-60 cm. Small bulbs are egg-shaped. The stem is thin, smooth, green. The leaves are narrowly lanceolate, rarely arranged, in the next order. Lily flowers are star-shaped, broadly funnel-shaped, directed upwards, solitary, rarely collected in racemes of 2-5 flowers. The diameter of the flower reaches 6-8 cm. The color of the lily is reddish-orange, less often light red. Outside, the flower may be naked or pubescent.

Beautiful lilies are common in Eastern Siberia (Transbaikalia, Zee-Bureinsky district, Ussuri region). They grow in meadows, well-lit treeless slopes, in sparse thickets of shrubs, on the edges of small-leaved forests. Lilies bloom in June-July. The plant is used in hybridization and has also been widely used in medicine.

• Daurian lily (Pennsylvania)(lat. L ilium pensylvanicum , L ilium dauricum )

Described in 1805. The Pennsylvania lily received its name by mistake, because this plant was unknown in North America. When the origin of this flower was found out, its nomenclature name was not changed. Now in the literature there are two names for this species - Pennsylvania lily and Daurian lily.

The height of the plant is 120 cm. The round bulb has a diameter of up to 8 cm and consists of white lanceolate scales. The stem is slightly ribbed or round, glabrous or tomentose. Lily leaves are alternate, dark green. Inflorescence corymbose, 2-10 flowers, occasionally single flowers. The shape of the perianth is goblet. Leaves with dark spots and papillae along the nectar gland. Dahurian lily flowers are distinguished by a variety of colors: yellow, orange, red, dark red.

The birthplace of this flower is vast expanses from the Yenisei in the west to the island of Hokkaido and Kamchatka in the east and from 64 ° N. latitude. to Mongolia, the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China in the south. There is a Daurian lily among the shrubs of the forest and forest-steppe zones, in damp floodplain meadows, forest glades and edges.

According to the combination of features, several forms of this lily are distinguished: tiger, ribbed, alpine, typical. According to the timing of flowering, 2 forms are distinguished. The first is an early flowering, undersized, heavily pubescent, has 1-2 dark red flowers with a large yellow spot at the base. The second is late-flowering, tall, with numerous, evenly colored red flowers. The Daurian lily reproduces by seeds, baby bulbs, scales, pieces of scales.

bush lily

In everyday life there is such a name as bush lilies. This is not a completely correct concept, since the bush assumes the presence of several trunks, and all lilies, regardless of species, have one trunk growing from one bulb. But in some species of lilies, daughter bulbs develop annually on the bottom of the bulb or on its underground roots, and a bulbous nest is obtained, as, for example, in the leopard lily ( L. pardalinum), the nest of which may consist of hundreds of onions. If the daughter bulbs are not separated and transplanted, then a whole bush will really grow around the mother bulb. Often spray lilies are called lilies that have not single flowers, but inflorescences. In this case, almost any type and variety of lily, including the above-described species, is suitable for this name.

Taken from: www.garden.ie

Pyramidal lilies, varieties and photos

Pyramidal is another incorrect name for lilies. In the world of flowers, there is a phenomenon of fasciation, the splicing of stems. The phenomenon got its name from the Latin word fascis, which means "bundle". Fasciation occurs both from unfavorable factors: injury to the bulbs, lack or excess of light, moisture, heat, and from “too favorable”: overfeeding with all sorts of stimulants, fertilizers. The result is the fusion of growth points at the time of inception and the merging of deformed shoots. Some varieties of lilies, such as Aphrodite, Elijah, Fleur, Red Hot, and especially Marlene, are prone to fasciation. But in any case, this does not always happen, and it is impossible to predict in advance whether the lily will be pyramidal or not.

• Lily Marlene ( Lilium Marlene)

This is a hybrid of Asian lilies and lilies-longiflorums. It got its name in honor of the world movie star Marlene Dietrich.

This variety is called the pyramidal lily. Its inflorescences, which have grown as a result of fusion, can number up to a hundred buds. The diameter of the flowers is 15-20 cm. The color of the petals varies from light pink at the tips to white in the center, the inner petals are covered with small dark red spots. Plant height 90-100 cm. Lily Marlene leaves, growing in the next order, have an elongated and pointed shape. The phenomenon of fasciation, although inherent in the Marlene lily, does not happen with every plant.

Planting a lily and caring for it

Bright, catchy, spectacular lilies are the decoration of any garden. But in order for these flowers to annually delight gardeners with their beauty, attention and care are needed. The soil for planting lilies should be moist, loosened and cleared of weeds. The site must be selected taking into account what type or variety of lilies will be planted on it, since some varieties like shaded places, and some like sunny ones. In addition, you need to take into account which plants grew there before. Well, if it was legumes, some annual flowers, such as petunia, or vegetables - cucumbers or radishes, but after strawberries, onions and garlic, the earth should rest. It is not necessary to plant lilies close to trees, where the shade is very large and the soil is too dry. Plants, especially those with large flowers, need protection from the winds, so it’s good when shrub plants grow around them - they will give shade and protect from the wind.

Different types and varieties of lilies like different types of soil: acidic, alkaline, neutral, etc., for example, Asian hybrids prefer a slightly acidic environment, tubular hybrids slightly alkaline or neutral. With this in mind, various fertilizers, top dressings are introduced, drainage is arranged.

For lilies, moderate soil moisture is important: these plants do not like excess moisture and cannot stand stagnant water. Watering is usually carried out under the root, because the leaves do not respond well to water ingress. Watering lilies is important throughout the summer and part of the fall, because at the end of the summer season, the roots grow back and the accumulation of nutrients for the winter period.

If the lily is planted in well-fertilized chernozem, then top dressing is not needed, but if the soil lacks fertilizers, then before watering or along with it, preparations must be applied to improve the vital activity of the plant. For this, it is also necessary to protect the soil from overheating and evaporation of moisture by mulching with sawdust and grass.

Bulbs are planted mainly in autumn, but lilies can also be planted in spring. The optimal time for planting: in the fall - in September, in the spring - in May. Before planting, the lily bulbs should be soaked for 30 minutes in water or potassium permanganate, and then planted to a depth of 10-20 cm. For the winter, especially when early cold weather sets in, the plantings should be carefully insulated with a covering material.

Lilies begin to bloom fully and abundantly only in the second or third years. In the first year of planting, until normal flowering and growth is achieved, the buds are selectively or completely removed, and the plants that have not gained strength are tied to a support. At 4-5 years of growth, the lily must be divided and transplanted, as the development of the plant slows down and flowering weakens.

Diseases and pests of lilies

There are many diseases and pests that can not only spoil the appearance of lilies, but also completely destroy them.

Fungal infections

Plants can be affected by fungal infections such as gray mold (botrytis), fusarium, phytium, blue mold, penicillosis, rust. The spread of fungi is promoted by high humidity and improper care. Fungi infect all parts of the plant from the bulb to the petals. These diseases can be identified by their appearance: plaque appears on the bulbs, spots, strokes, and mucus appear on the stems, leaves and flowers. The bulbs are starting to rot. To combat fungal diseases, various medicinal solutions are used, fungicides are used to treat the affected bulbs, and the plant itself is sprayed. To avoid fungal diseases, you need to take preventive measures - proper care, avoidance of excess moisture.

Viruses

There are several viruses that lilies are susceptible to: these are the cucumber and tobacco mosaic virus, the tulip variegation virus, and rosette disease. These diseases are spread by insect pests, most commonly aphids, or they are transmitted through contaminated garden tools. Signs of viral diseases: yellowing and deformation of the stems and leaves of the lily, the appearance of age spots on the petals and leaves, the cessation of plant growth. To stop the spread of these diseases, it is necessary to cut off and destroy the affected areas, spray diseased plants with recommended preparations, and disinfect garden tools.

Pests

There are about 15 species of insects that harm lilies in various ways, which leads to a slowdown in their growth and death, for example:

• spider mites feed on plant sap,
• lily fly damages buds,
• medvedka, Khrushchev (larva of the May beetle), onion fly-hoverfly spoil the bulbs,
. Moles do not eat bulbs, but breaking through passages, they damage the roots of plants. In addition, mice and water rats make their way along these passages, which destroy the bulbs. It is not recommended to cover the plants with straw for the winter, as mice live in large numbers in it, eating both bulbs and ground leaves. In the fight against these pests, traps, mousetraps, poisons, and electronic repellers are used.



• Since ancient times, lilies have been used in perfumery, cosmetology, and medicine.
• In some countries, such as Japan, China, Korea, lily bulbs are eaten raw and cooked from them in soups, salads, and meat dishes.
• As a symbol, lily flowers have decorated and continue to decorate the coats of arms of countries (France), cities (New Orleans, Detroit, Daugavpils), provinces (Canadian Quebec, Dutch Flevoland); ancient noble coats of arms in European countries; ancient coins, vases, frescoes; modern logotypes of various organizations, teams, movements.
• The ancient Persian city of Susa got its name from the lilies that grew on the site of its foundation.
• A female name comes from the name of this flower, which has its own version in different languages: Lily - in Russian, Lily - in French, English, Susanna, Shushanik - in Armenian, Asuzena - in Spanish, Yuri - in Japanese.
• There are legends about lilies in Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, in the states of Medieval Europe.
• The lily is also mentioned in the Bible. According to the biblical story of the Annunciation, famous artists painted many paintings. On them, the archangel Gabriel approaches the Virgin Mary with the news of the future birth of the Savior, holding a lily flower in his hands, as a symbol of purity and purity. There is an icon "Fadeless Color", where the Mother of God holds a lily.

Many centuries ago, these flowers were considered a symbol of luxury and prosperity, but today they can often be found in ordinary rural front gardens in different parts of the world. We are talking about - stunningly beautiful and very unpretentious colors.

Among the huge species diversity, it is difficult to find flowers that have a more sophisticated look than Asiatic lilies. Perhaps this is the secret of their popularity. A wide color palette, the most diverse height - from 0.3 m to 1.5 m, unpretentiousness and endurance are their important advantages, although in fact there are much more of them.

A bit of history

The creation of this species is based on the properties of their wild relatives: Dahurian lily, David's lily, monochromatic lily, tiger, and some interspecific hybrids.

For ordinary gardeners, these names may not say much, but for those who have been to Asia, these flowers should be familiar. Under natural conditions, they grow in areas where continental air masses dominate most of the year. What does it say? The fact that in this area there are large temperature amplitudes - the summer is quite hot, and the winter is severe. Therefore, lilies obtained from them adapt well to any weather conditions. For the bulbs, autumn and winter are a period of sleep, in the spring awakening comes and growth begins, which is facilitated by the supply of nutrients that the bulbs have accumulated over the past summer. That is why experienced flower growers do not recommend cutting off the stem to the ground after flowering. That's right - leave it at 1/3 and do not cut off the leaves. If you admired the flowering without cutting off the flower stalks, then the top of the stem is cut off so that the forces of the flower do not go to the formation of seeds.

A variety of varieties and a riot of colors

Work in this direction continues today. Scientists are working on the creation of flowers, the buds of which would be not one, but two, and even tricolor, double, etc.

The following varieties received the greatest popularity among domestic flower growers: red Sphinx, pink Aphrodite, yellow veil Morgana and some others.

In non-double "Asian" the flower consists of six petals. For convenience, hybrid groups were identified, the representatives of which were united by some distinctive feature, the so-called "zest".

So, for example, representatives of the Tango cultivar can be easily recognized by the specks in the central part of the petals. They are thick, single, light, dark, etc. Sometimes there are so many specks that they are a spot, such a contrast gives these colors a special appeal.

Lilies belonging to the Pixie group are not large, their height is not more than 30-40 cm, so the owners of country houses prefer to grow them. Butter Pixie lilies are especially beautiful, their large yellow-lemon flowers are a real decoration of their summer cottage, loggia or balcony.

If you saw a lily, on the petals of which colorful, contrasting “strokes” are visible, most likely you are looking at Anastasia, a representative of the Brushmark group. A smear can consist of stripes, it can be a shapeless spot, it can be in the form of specks of different sizes, in any case, the flower looks original and resembles an artistic masterpiece.

You have to give credit to the Asiatic pot lilies. Surprisingly, these are unpretentious and undemanding flowers. They are an original bouquet that will fill the house with love and create an atmosphere of warmth and comfort in it. If you want to please yourself or your loved ones with such beauty, plant Tanya Spider, Buzzer or the Sunray variety in a pot. But, do not believe the advertisement, flowering will not last longer than 10-15 days. If you don't want the container to be empty, plant lily bulbs that bloom at different times and then when one of them fades, others will begin to bloom. Bulbs of faded plants do not need to be taken out, let them sleep there until the arrival of spring, but do not forget to water them occasionally.

Lilies need to be cherished...

With good care at the end of June, lilies should bloom, but, depending on weather and climatic conditions, the timing of the start of flowering may change.

On some "Asian women" peculiar processes appear, the so-called bulbs. They can be separated and planted in the soil for propagation. Next year, this plant will have only one leaf, do not rush to get upset, be patient and you will get a good result. In a year, you will notice that your ward is trying to bloom, and if you do not allow this, then in another year this plant will be a real flowering beauty.

Almost all bulbs are very sensitive to the nitrogen content in the soil, and fresh organic matter, and lily is no exception.

Getting ready for landing

Choose a place so that the groundwater lies deep, the soil must pass air and water well and contain all the microelements necessary for growth. The bulbs are lowered to a depth of 15-35 cm. The optimal depth for loams is 10 cm, for sandy soil - about 20 cm. sand is poured at the bottom of the hole, it perfectly copes with the role of drainage, then the planting material is laid sideways and sand is poured again, only after that the earth mixed with humus. Find out how big the representative of your variety will be. If the lilies are not large, then there should be at least 20 cm between them, large ones are planted at a distance of 20-30 cm.

"Asians" love the light, but they are comfortable even where there is partial shade. In the shade, the plant will have too tall stems and small flowers.

Proper fit and care

Most lilies do not need a transplant for the first 5-7 years, but Asian ones are transplanted after three years. It is necessary to take into account the features of these bulbs, namely, there are several renewal buds on each of them, so such nests need to be divided.

They start transplanting in the second half of August, but if, for some reason, you did not have time to do this in the fall, plant the bulbs in the last decade of April. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the hole, after planting, the soil is well moistened and covered with mulch. As a mulch, experts recommend using pine bark, straw, dry leaves, peat. The layer of mulch should be about 5 cm.

The root of the plant is carefully dug up, shaken off excess soil and inspected to identify damaged and diseased bulbs. If the daughter bulbs themselves do not fall off, they need to be separated, sometimes this process requires no small effort. The roots that are not viable are cut off, and the rest are cut by 7-15 cm. The bulb children are dipped for 30 minutes in a weak manganese solution.

Feeding when the lilies are in bloom is not recommended, this process will end quickly. In total, fertilizers are applied three times per season.

• The first time - before the sprouts appear. For this, fermented mullein is used, diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10, or an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate.
• The second time - when the buds appeared. 100 g of wood ash is mixed with soil over an area of ​​1 square meter.
• The third time - until August 15. Use complex fertilizers with a high content of potassium. They will help the plant restore the forces spent on flowering.

Water the flowers abundantly, but not often, with warm water. Water is poured under the root so that the leaves do not get wet. Regular watering after flowering is especially important.

It is not necessary to cover these plants for the winter, we have already said that they are frost-resistant, but it is better to cover those planted in autumn before the onset of cold weather.

"Asians" are hardy flowers, they are not afraid of pests and diseases. Colorful flower arrangements with cut lilies stand in water for up to 2 weeks, but on the condition that you need to change the water daily and cut the tip of the stem at an angle of 45 degrees. Then you will see the beauty of all the buds of grown flowers.

Asiatic lily is valued for its variety of forms and unpretentiousness. In its homeland, the flower grows in a rather difficult climate, with frosty winters and hot summer months. Therefore, it is well adapted to the conditions of the central zone of the Russian Federation, the Urals, Siberia, the Far East and regions with similar weather. The material contains recommendations for planting and caring for lilies, with photos and descriptions of varieties.

Lily is a perennial bulbous herb. The stem of the plant is simple, slightly branched, leafy. The average height is about 1 m. In the open ground, Asiatic lily blooms for 2 weeks in July-August. There is no aroma. The Asian species has more than 5 thousand varieties. Botanists divide them into groups.

Brushmark

They are distinguished by the presence of strokes on the tepals. The most popular subspecies:

• Rostani - pale apricot petals with a dark stroke;
• Zorka Venus - a bud of the same color, but the smear is red;

• Vanguard - golden-orange color with a rich red speck;
• Elijah - creamy orange buds with a dark stroke;
• Zhuravinka - red petals with a dark trace;
• Delta - rich yellow bud and brown spots. It is characterized by long flowering.

Bicolor

One lily collects several shades, smoothly turning into each other. Popular varieties:

• Sorbet - pink and white;
• Asennaya Farby - red-orange;
• Grand Cru - yellow-red.

Grand Cru

• Tango. In the middle of the bud - speck. Most often, amateurs grow the Jason variety. Its flower has a pleasant yellow color and brown blotches.

Advice. There is also a group of double lilies. The most popular is the light yellow variety Fata Morgana.

A tall flower will decorate any front garden, complement the flower bed composition. The lily is also grown for cutting. She looks beautiful in a vase. Moreover, unopened inflorescences will bloom in the cut state. It is only important to regularly clean the bouquet from wilted buds.

Breeding and planting technique

The nuances of growing Asiatic lilies:

1. The flower loves good lighting. In a shaded area, the stems of the lily bend towards the sun.
2. The plant needs a nutritious soil with a slightly acidic or neutral composition.
3. The place in the flower garden is chosen carefully. For 3-4 years, transplantation will be possible only in emergency situations. But after this period, the procedure is mandatory.
4. The Asiatic lily bulb does not have a dormant period and protective shells. It is desirable to plant it immediately after purchase. In extreme cases, the tuber is placed in coarse sand or moss and sent for storage in a dark place at a temperature of + 7 ... + 8ºС. The same technique is appropriate for dried lily seed.

Attention! Florists advise planting bulbs in the ground in the first weeks of September or at the turn of April and May.

Before starting work, prepare the bulb: clean it from old roots and damaged scales. Landing:

• optimal soil composition: a mixture of peat, loam, leaf humus and rotted compost;
• it is also useful to bring ashes and bone meal into the ground;

• make a hole or trench;
• lay some sand on the bottom;
• stick the bulb, pour a layer of sand and soil, pour.

Advice. Immediately after planting, it is useful to fertilize the lilies with a complete mineral complex.

Culture propagation methods:

• autumn division of the bulbous nest;
• the use of scales as a full-fledged material;
• rooting of root children;
• transplantation of self-rooted stem bulbs.

As a result of all the techniques, a new plant will bloom in 2 seasons.

Care, fertilizer and top dressing, possible diseases and pests

Lily can not be fed with nitrogen mixtures and fresh organics. Fertilizers are applied during the formation of buds before they open. Until mid-August, at the end or after the flowering phase, help the crop recover with another top dressing. In all cases, potassium-containing mixtures are needed.

Water the flower sparingly. Lily does not like waterlogging and stagnant water at the roots. After watering, it is desirable to loosen the soil. Mulch with a layer of 5 cm or more to protect the plant from overheating.

Lily pruning occurs according to this scheme: as the inflorescences wither, cut them off and do not let the seed pods ripen. In September, with the yellowing of the leaves, cut the stems entirely under the root.

Attention! It is not necessary to cover the flower for the winter.

In the rainy periods of summer, lilies are affected by the ailment botrytis. Its symptoms are light brown spots on leaves and buds. The treatment is carried out by spraying Burgundy or Bordeaux mixture. Lily bulbs are affected by Fusarium. They are dug up, washed from rot and lowered for 30 minutes. into solution.

Light-loving and winter-hardy Asiatic lily is great for decorating the garden. The plant has nuances in the cultivation technique, but it behaves unpretentiously in the flower bed.

What kind of lily is your favorite?

Asiatic lily: video