Most private houses are constructed according to standard and typical technologies for all, which are represented by a kind of cubic building forum. But not everyone wants to build typical structures. One of the most beautiful and practical options is to build a spherical house.
Domed houses are distinguished by an unusual, attractive exterior, non-standard shape and allow you to practically and competently build all the necessary systems that ensure a comfortable life. Dome houses have many advantages and design features.
Description
The first thing that distinguishes dome structures is their high level of strength. Their main feature is that the level of the bearing capacity of the structure increases with an increase in its diameter. It is also important that the strength characteristics of the structure do not change depending on what materials are used for its construction.
The domed house is a kind of constructor. Its constituent elements are typical and calculated independently. To calculate the parameters of the base-frame, there is a special domed house calculator. For convenience, when creating the foundation of the structure, there is a calculator for a domed house in Russian. Assembling such a constructor is quite simple and fast. This technology is used to build wooden domed houses.
The assembly of the base frame of the domed house is easy to do manually. All the elements necessary for the construction are characterized by small dimensions and weight. Due to the fact that the geodesic house is ideal in terms of aerodynamic properties, it can be built in an unstable climate. For example, in an area with frequent hurricanes or earthquakes.
Kinds
The essence of a spherical design is the division of space using vectors. Based on the type of dome, the following types of domed houses can be distinguished:
- dome-type houses, the elements of which are based on a tetrahedral polyhedron;
- the base is the icosahedron. The design is considered the most optimal. The greater the frequency of vectors used to break down the space, the higher the strength of the entire structure.
According to the difference in the forms of the house are:
- waist;
- convex;
- oval;
- consisting of several polyhedra;
- semicircular.
You can build a domed house from various materials. The construction construction technology depends on this. The simplest is the frame, in which the main material for construction is wood. There are other building options.
Styrofoam
For the manufacture of domed houses using Japanese technology, they use polystyrene foam. Foam panels are produced in such a way that during assembly they are firmly fastened to each other. During production, concrete is applied to the surface of the foam, which gives the material increased strength properties.
Dome houses using Japanese technology are quite simple to build, you just need to order the required number of panels, build a foundation and assemble a house. The domed house made of expanded polystyrene turns out to be very light, therefore it does not need a solid and massive foundation. The price of a domed house made of foam plastic was set at $300-400 per 1 m2.
Reference: Despite the fact that foam is used to build the house, Japanese domed houses are strong and reliable, as well as safe to live in.
from brick
Brick dome house erected without a frame. Carry out the laying of brick material, depending on the selected shape of the geodesic dome.
Concrete
One of the modern technologies used for the construction of a domed house is "inflatable" or using a pneumoframe. Construction material - concrete. Thanks to this technology, monolithic domed houses are obtained.
The walls of the building are erected by a special inflatable ball, which is previously spread on the foundation. The inflatable ball is represented by a durable membrane. A wooden formwork equipped with steel reinforcing reinforcement is installed on its surface. On top of it, the concrete mixture is evenly distributed.
After waiting for the moment when the concrete "grabs", but has not yet completely hardened, the membrane is inflated. Together with the ball, the concrete rises, which takes on the desired shape. After that, we can assume that the domed concrete house is ready. When the concrete has completely hardened, the membrane is blown off. It is subsequently reused.
from straw
dome building is also quite simple. The building will require a strip or column foundation on which the frame is attached. Any shape of the dome is allowed. Straw bales are used as wall material, but they are broken in half during laying. Sheaves are laid in a horizontal plane, after which they are pulled together with a strong cord.
A domed thatched house requires mandatory plastering. To do this, the surface of the bales is covered with a mesh, on which a plaster solution is applied. Clay or lime plasters are used for exterior and interior decoration.
Advantages and disadvantages
The properties inherent in a spherical design determine the positive characteristics that a domed house has. The benefits are:
- the volume inside the house turns out to be significantly larger than when building a "rectangular" structure with the same usable area parameter. It is not too expensive to build a domed house, its price is reduced by 30% compared to the usual one;
- given that the outer surface of the building is smaller, this reduces the cost of. In winter, the house does not give off heat energy to the outside, and in summer it does not heat up;
- due to the light weight of the entire structure of the house, there is no need to build a powerful foundation;
- the presence of windows and doors in the house does not affect its strength characteristics. Mono windows can be placed in any quantity and in any place;
- characterized by a high level of seismic resistance;
- the domed house in winter is able to withstand heavy snow loads;
- ideal aerodynamic properties allow the construction of dome structures in regions with frequent hurricanes;
- due to the fact that the domed house is round, it can be placed on the site as you like;
- domed house is a warm floor. There is no need to install any other heating systems as the heat from the floor surface is distributed throughout the house;
- the layout of the domed house is absolutely free. The design of the house does not imply the presence of load-bearing walls, and therefore it is possible to install room partitions in any convenient place. This also allows you to make the design of the domed house exactly according to the wishes of the residents;
- comfortable living in the house also provides a smaller amount of noise that penetrates from the street. This happens due to the smaller surface area of the structure;
- the interior of a domed house is as easy to organize as in a conventional cubic design. Ordinary furniture with sharp corners fits perfectly into the premises;
- the appearance of the domed house is unusual and attractive.
Despite the large number of advantages of the structure, for those who want to build a domed house, the disadvantages also play an important role. The dome house has the following disadvantages:
- it is difficult to carry out calculations for the construction of the foundation of a house. It is not possible to draw in two planes. It is necessary to have not only a good spatial imagination, but also be able to use 3D programs designed to create a layout. This moment can not be taken into account if it is possible to order a finished project;
- technology specificity. An ordinary builder will not be able to build such a house, since the technology for building domed houses does not apply to classical housing construction. It is necessary to find professionals in dome building;
- geodesic dome house requires the use of specialized elements. For example, standard windows for the house will not work; it is necessary to install triangular-shaped windows.
Manufacturers
The construction of domed houses can be ordered from the following companies:
- Dome-dom. If there is no desire to build a domed house with your own hands, then the company will build a turnkey domed frame house. If it is possible to do construction without anyone's help, but there is no desire to carry out the calculation of a domed house, then the company will provide a kit for assembling the frame of the house.
- Skydom. Produces high-strength frame for self-assembly. It builds turnkey domed houses, the cost of the minimum area constructor (Sky7.7) is 1,790,000 Russian rubles.
- Dobrosfera. Manufacture and deliver home kit. Will provide all the necessary information necessary for the assembly, and will also accompany in its process. The price of a house kit with a minimum radius (Z4) is 32,000 rubles.
How to build
Calculations and a project are the first thing that is needed for those who want to build a domed house with their own hands. A calculator is essential for this. When the project is ready, the construction of the domed house begins with preparatory work.
To build a domed house with your own hands you must first prepare the site, clear the soil and level it. After that, the surface of the soil is covered with gravel and sand. You can build a stratodesic domed house using the following technology:
- Initially, a decagon is constructed instead of the foundation, on which the entire structure will rest. Depending on what load is expected on this basis, a certain section of the boards for the polygon is chosen.
- Purchased boards are cut using an electric saw. You need to get the output shape of a trapezoid.
- The sand cushion is dug up with roofing material and trapezoidal boards are laid out on top, fastening them with screws.
- Further work is carried out in a vertical plane. For the first row of the wall, you will need boards fastened together in squares.
- Further erection of walls consists in assembling triangular-shaped elements. If a ready-made frame constructor was purchased, then this greatly simplifies the task. You just need to assemble it according to the instructions.
Important: Each wooden element requires pre-treatment with special antiseptic preparations.
- After the erection of the frame, they begin to sheathe it with OSB panels from the inside. Elements are pre-cut in accordance with the design parameters.
- For external finishing of the structure, it will be necessary to cover its surface with roofing material and sheathe it using, for example, flexible tiles.
- It is recommended that the whole process be carried out alternately, moving from one triangle to another. Having cut the roofing material of the desired shape, attach it to the frame and install the tiles.
- It is better to fix the roofing material with resin or glue.
- When all work is completed, proceed to the interior decoration. Using the selected materials, floors are built, all communications are carried out and the walls are insulated, after which they are pre-finished.
The device of the domed house will give warmth and comfort in the winter season, freshness and coolness in the summer. There are several varieties and features of the construction of domed houses. We will analyze how to build a domed house further.
General information about domed houses
A domed house is a dwelling that has a round base. The roof in such a house has the shape of a cone. Walls are made from a variety of materials such as wood, stone, concrete.
Domed houses were widespread among the Celtic peoples. Dome houses of the modern type were invented by American designer Richard Fuller.
The use of domed houses is relevant in the case when it is necessary to obtain the maximum volume of the room, using the minimum amount of materials that significantly reduce the weight of the structure.
The shape of the dome is used for arranging:
- stadiums,
- exhibition centers,
- scientific facilities,
- industrial buildings.
Studying the reviews about domed houses, we highlight the following advantages of using domed houses:
- unusual appearance,
- the construction of a domed house takes no more than two months,
- lack of walls and the possibility of free planning,
- installation in various climatic conditions,
- lack of requirements for the arrangement of the foundation,
- the cost of building a domed house is much lower than usual,
- aerodynamic shape provides high wind resistance,
- resistance to earthquakes, since the dome consists of triangular parts, the load is distributed evenly throughout the house,
- the domed house looks aesthetically pleasing and modern,
- high level of energy efficiency: a small area provides good heat dissipation and a good ventilation system,
- the domed house has low acoustic properties.
Dome houses photo:
Varieties of domed houses
Dome houses are equipped in the form of a geodesic dome, which come in several types. A geodesic dome is a figure that is based on the distribution of space into vectors.
Depending on the type of geodesic dome, there are:
- domed houses, which are based on tetrahedral polyhedra,
- a domed house in the shape of an icosahedron is the most optimal option for dividing space into vectors; the strength characteristics of the structure depend on the frequency of division.
Depending on the shape of the dome, there are:
- domed belt type houses,
- convex domed houses,
- houses in the form of an oval dome,
- polygonal domed houses, which consist of several polyhedra,
- semicircular domed houses.
The main stages and technology for the construction of domed houses
The construction of a domed house consists of two main stages.
The first stage includes a number of preparatory work and the manufacture of the main structural elements, processing, marking, disassembly and packaging of these elements.
Works on the preparatory stage:
- first you need to take measurements, determine the place where the domed house will be located, divide the site and make markings for building a house;
- then proceed to the preparation of budget documentation and draw up a sketch of the domed house;
- in order to choose the right model of a domed house, it is necessary to take into account the shape, size of the cells, the number of connectors and rafters;
- if possible, make a computer calculation of the domed house;
- then you should proceed to the manufacture of connectors, rafters, plywood elements of the house;
- metal connectors should be treated with anti-corrosion compounds.
After completing these works, proceed to the second stage of work on the domed house, which includes:
- carrying out foundation works;
- installation of communication systems;
- preparation of parts for assembly;
- assembling the frame of a domed house;
- sheathing of the domed house from the outside;
- installation of windows and doors;
- roofing works;
- insulation work;
- interior lining of the house;
- installation of floors, walls and partitions in the room;
- finishing the interior of the house;
- work on communications.
Making a domed house with your own hands
A connector is a metal element that is a connection node for the wooden parts of a domed house.
Separate connectors:
- five-point type
- six-point type.
The connector is used to make large and spacious domed houses. When arranging a domed house of small diameter, it is possible to use a non-connector method.
The roof of a domed house happens:
- aluminum,
- ruberoid,
- made of flexible tiles.
The foundation for a domed house is:
- tape,
- in the form of a concrete pillow,
- constructed from wood or concrete slabs.
To calculate the amount of material, when building a domed house, there are special calculators.
New developments make it possible not to use connectors for the construction of a domed house, but are based on the CONE technology, which implies precise manufacturing of ribs, connection with a minimum number of seams.
The size of the cross section of the bars depends on the load on the dome of the house.
When using double: inner and outer skin, the size of the bars must be increased.
The technology of a domed house is quite complicated, but compared to a conventional house, a domed house will require much less building materials, time and money.
There are several ways to connect edges, such as:
- use of internal metal plates with screws,
- or screwless CONE.
Dome houses projects:
The assembly sequence of the domed house consists of:
1. Choosing a site for building a house.
2. Laying a support consisting of ten corners.
3. Installation of vertical walls.
4. Installation of window and door structures.
5. External cladding of vertical walls.
6. Rib blanks for the construction of the dome frame.
7. Erection of a frame structure.
8. Sheathing frame structure.
9. Finishing the dome with roofing felt or shingles.
10. Interior decoration of the house.
Materials for the manufacture of a domed house:
- bars with a section of 5x5 cm,
- screws,
- sheet of galvanized metal 250x125 cm,
- screws,
- nuts,
- self-tapping screws,
- nails,
- mounting foam,
- roofing materials in the form of roofing material or flexible tiles.
To create a domed house, you must have:
- roulette,
- level,
- electrical corner,
- hacksaws,
- jigsaw,
- electric drill,
- woodworking machine,
- roofing scissors,
- hammer,
- gloves
- brushes,
- grinders,
- cross screwdriver.
Instructions for making a domed house with your own hands
1. Preparatory work includes: preparing a place for a domed house. The radius of the domed house must be cleared of the ground cover and covered with rubble, and then sand.
2. Instead of the foundation, we install a supporting decagon, for which ten boards are required, the cross section of which depends on the load on the structure.
3. It is necessary to make trapeziums from the boards using an electric jigsaw or electric saw.
4. Roofing material and trapezoid should be laid on a sandy base. Using a level, check the evenness of the structure. Trapezoids are connected with screws.
5. The next step involves the construction of a vertical wall, for which you will need bars connected with screws.
6. For the manufacture of the door frame, use two vertical and two horizontal boards.
7. The location of windows and doors depends on the height of the domed house.
8. To sheathe vertical walls, use boards that need to be nailed in such a way that water does not enter the house during oblique rain.
10. Before installing the ribs, the surface should be coated with varnish and special impregnations that prevent the formation of mold and fungus.
11. To make plate connectors, use plates, which should be cut from a sheet of metal.
12. To do this, you need a grinder, with which you should cut out pentagonal or hexagonal connectors, depending on the type of construction.
13. After the connectors are ready, you should start pouring them. For these purposes, bakelite resin or polyurethane foam is suitable. The second option is more successful, since it does not contain substances harmful to human health.
14. To build the frame of the dome, pay attention to the drawing of the domed house and calculate the number of parts. To connect the parts, use the carpentry table and screws.
15. For the inside of the dome, use ordinary wood plywood, which can control the humidity in the room, and is also an environmentally friendly and harmless material.
16. After completing the work on finishing the interior of the room, proceed to the exterior decoration of the walls using roofing material and flexible tiles.
17. To do this, apply layers of flexible tiles and roofing material sequentially. Triangles from roofing material should be cut on the carpentry table.
18. To fix the roofing material, use resin or special glue.
19. After that, proceed to the interior decoration of the domed house, which includes:
- flooring,
- provision of water supply,
- ventilation,
- wall insulation,
- wall decoration.
1. If sewerage and water supply are planned in the domed house, two pits should be additionally provided.
2. If there is a bedroom or a second floor, provide several windows with opening sashes.
3. To insulate the structure of a domed house, it is possible to use sawdust.
4. The best option for making a domed house would be to use white acacia, which has high strength characteristics.
5. Take care of the availability of sockets, lamps and other electrical appliances in the house.
Dome houses video:
Spherical, domed dwellings have been known for a long time - yarangas, plagues, wigwams, etc. - built on this principle. They are distinguished by high stability and ease of construction, which earned the popularity of our ancestors. But domed houses in their pure form, as a phenomenon of modern construction, appeared not so long ago - approximately in the second half of the last century. When the American scientist Fuller decomposed the dome structure into simple figures - triangles, from which the entire structure is often assembled. It is on this principle that many spherical houses are built today.
Dome houses: technologies and their features
A domed or spherical house is the name of one building technology. Actually, the name reflects the peculiarity of this type of housing construction - the house is not rectangular, but is made in the form of a hemisphere. Or rather - in the form of a polyhedron, approaching in appearance to the sphere.
This form better withstands wind and snow loads, with an equal building spot with a rectangular one, it has more usable area. But in such a house there is hardly at least one rectangular or square room. At least one side will be uneven. This complicates the layout, decoration, selection and installation of furniture. Most likely, all or most of the furnishings will have to be made “to order”, according to your own sizes and sketches.
Domed houses are being built, mainly using frame technology, so that the construction is easy. The frame is assembled from timber or metal pipes, sheathed with sheet building material (plywood, OSB). Insulation is laid between the racks of the frame (polystyrene foam, mineral wool, foam glass, ecological materials such as jute, dried algae, etc.). That is, apart from an unusual shape, there is no news, the materials are selected as for an ordinary frame house.
There are domed houses made of monolithic reinforced concrete. But this technology is used infrequently, especially in our country, where lumber is sometimes cheaper. If we also take into account the need for good thermal insulation of a concrete dome, its unpopularity becomes clear.
With the frames of domed houses, not everything is so simple. There are two technologies by which they are collected: geodesic and stratodesic dome. They have their own characteristics that can influence your choice.
geodesic dome
The dome is divided into triangles, from which the polyhedron is assembled. A feature of this technology is that a large number of beams converge at one point. To ensure their reliable fixation, connectors are used - special steel devices that allow you to securely connect the elements of the supporting structure. Each of the connectors costs from 600 to 1500 rubles ($10-25).
A geodesic dome for a spherical house is built on the basis of triangles
Despite the fact that the number of connectors is in the tens or even hundreds, their presence greatly affects the cost of construction. Those who plan to build a domed house with their own hands try to do without connectors or make them on their own too. The reasons are clear, but with insufficient strength of the connection, the building may collapse under load. So with savings on this site, you must be very, very careful.
By the way, when using wooden beams, there is a connectorless technology, but the assembly of such units requires a high level of carpentry skill and precise execution. And one more thing: they are not as reliable as connections with metal connectors.
The advantage of this type of frame is its stable construction. With the destruction of 35% of the elements, the dome is not destroyed. This has been tested in seismically active regions, during hurricanes. This stability makes it easy to remove a certain number of jumpers. That is, an opening under the door, windows can be made anywhere, almost any size. The only thing to consider is that the windows will be triangular. In this design, there is no escape from this. For many, this is a critical shortcoming.
Another feature - when assembling the frame, without sheathing, it has good resistance to torsional loads, but does not perceive horizontal loads very well. Therefore, the frame is first assembled completely and only then it is sheathed.
Stratodesic dome
Dome houses of this design are assembled from sections of a trapezoidal shape. That is, its fragments are more like rectangles or squares. This structure allows the use of doors and windows of standard design. For many, this is a big plus.
The disadvantage of the statodesian dome is that it is possible to remove structural elements only after careful calculation and strengthening of adjacent structures. So the transfer of a door or window, resizing is possible only after the change in the bearing capacity of this section or even the dome as a whole is calculated.
This technology has its own assembly feature. The frame should be sheathed as the racks are installed. That is, the second row of racks is assembled only after the first is sheathed, the third row - after the second is sewn up with sheet material, etc. This is due to the fact that in the unfinished form - without sheathing - the frame has a high bearing capacity for vertical loads and is not very resistant to torsional loads. As soon as the edges are sheathed, it becomes very stable and reliable.
Unlike a geodesic dome, a stratodesic connector is not required to assemble. The vertical parts of the frame are connected using special-shaped locks. Horizontal jumpers are fastened with a plate, which is fixed with bolts, under which a metal plate is laid.
There is another nuance that affects the cost of a domed house. When cutting sheet material for a stratodesic dome, there are more scraps than with a geodesic dome. This somewhat increases the cost of materials. But they are offset by the fact that windows and doors are used in a standard design, they are cheaper than triangular ones. As a result, the cost of the dome of different technologies is not much different.
Advantages and disadvantages
No one will argue with the fact that domed houses look unusual. If you want to have a house or cottage "not like everyone else" and have nothing against frame housing construction, take a closer look at this technology. The solution is really non-standard. Plus, they say it's economical. The cost per square meter starts from $200. But as you know, this is the minimum price. Such an economical option.
Advantages of domed houses
In addition to the unusual appearance, the advantages of spherical houses are as follows:
By the combination of characteristics, domed houses look very attractive. In addition, many say that the construction requires much less money - due to the smaller surface of the walls, material is saved. According to mathematical calculations, the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls is almost a third less. But the savings, if any, are not so big - the construction is specific, using specific components that increase the cost of construction. In fact, the cost per square meter is about the same as with the usual form.
Minuses
There are also disadvantages and they are also quite serious. In any case, it is worth knowing about them and taking into account.
There is also an unusual layout, but it cannot be clearly attributed to the shortcomings. I like domed houses precisely for their originality. So the non-standard shape of the premises is, rather, a feature that must be taken into account when selecting / ordering furniture and choosing finishing materials.
Projects and planning features
It is far from easy to plan a round building in such a way that it is rational, beautiful, and even convenient. There are several basic techniques that most adhere to. The first thing that catches your eye is that there simply cannot be corridors in such a house. They just have nowhere to go. This is not bad, but the layout of the house becomes more difficult from this. Let's start with a simple one - how to arrange the entrance to the house.
Entry group
For our climate, it is desirable that the front doors open into a small room, and not into a large room. Saves in this case a small vestibule. About can be allocated from the total area or attached. Approximately the same tasks are performed by a covered veranda. This is a more "civilized" way to solve the problem.
Not everyone likes this approach. Today, there are other trends in the world - from the front door they get into a large spacious hall / living room. Such a layout is also possible, but additional measures are needed to cut off cold air - a thermal curtain near the entrance. It is made using convectors built into the floor or by installing several powerful radiators near the door. The first method is more efficient, the second is easier to implement. All these nuances are typical for domed houses. The only difference is that you have to rack your brains on how to fit the built-in vestibule. The other two methods are easier to solve.
Let's look at the input group device options with examples. In the picture above, the right project, the entrance doors lead to the living / dining room. This decision is typical for Europe and America. We are gradually gaining popularity, but due to the more severe climate it often brings inconvenience - each opening of the doors in winter brings a significant portion of cold air, which reduces comfort.
The option on the left is with an attached vestibule. There are two exits from the vestibule - one to the winter garden, the other to the kitchen/dining room. The solution is no less modern, but the problem of cold air entering the living quarters has been solved. So this idea is worth adopting.
If it is decided to make the vestibule built-in, obviously, you will have to allocate some area of \u200b\u200bthe house. The minimum is three squares (on the left project). It is logical if the living / dining room will be located further.
Another way is to allocate a large area and use it as a hallway. Place a wardrobe here, a hanger for things “for now” (draft law). If the area allows, you can install a small sofa. For a frequent home, the presence of an entrance hall is practically a necessity. Dirt and sand are less dragged into the house. And this is another argument in favor of a dedicated input group. Attached or fenced off - it's your choice. But the entrance area is convenient. At least in our realities.
Space organization
Most often, the central part of the space of the domed house is allocated for common use. From this central area you can get to all the other rooms, which are located in a circle. In general, the central room turns out to be uncomfortable, since it is “very passable”.
It will not be possible to relax in it if it is a living room, it is not very convenient to cook in it, if the idea comes to use this room as a kitchen, as a dining room it is also not the best option. Projects that use this space in this way are presented above. It looks great in the picture, but in real life you can’t count on a chamber atmosphere here. So the passage rooms are not the most inhabited.
Not the worst way to use this passage area is to install a ladder. After all, most of the domed houses have two floors, and the screw one just asks here. Just keep in mind that if you just twist it around the pole, it will be inconvenient to use - too sharp turns are obtained. If you design a staircase like a "well", it is difficult to build it yourself. So this part will have to be delegated to someone.
Otherwise, domed houses are planned in the same way as ordinary ones. The main rule to remember is that in order for engineering systems to be not very expensive, all “wet” premises are located close to each other. The location of bedrooms, offices and other "dry" rooms - to your taste.
Related videos
No matter how detailed the technology is described, its pros and cons, it is so difficult to get an accurate idea. We receive a significant part of information and impressions visually. Pictures and photos help only partially to give a general idea. It is much better to see everything with your own eyes in the video reviews.
There are various technologies that allow you to build a dwelling of any type. Projects of such buildings differ significantly. It all depends on what form is chosen for this and what materials are used in construction. We can say with confidence that the house-sphere is quite common today. This is an extraordinary architectural design that has regained popularity.
Ready-made project of a spherical house
House-sphere - a building that has a rounded shape of both the walls and the roof structure. It is endowed with certain technical characteristics that have long been appreciated by construction specialists around the world.
Some buildings of this type have survived to this day. These are architectural monuments of architecture of the past centuries. House-spheres are called domed in another way.
Technologies for the construction of domed houses
There are several ways to build a domed house with your own hands. Materials from which they can be built:
- brick;
- foam concrete;
- monolith;
- expanded polystyrene;
- Styrofoam;
- clay.
Spherical houses, built of brick, foam concrete or monolithic, have almost the same characteristics as the standard construction of any dwelling. But other materials may not always be used.
The original design of the domed house The construction of a domed house made of polystyrene foam and polystyrene using Japanese technology is considered more interesting. Such houses have certain characteristics, and in some cases specialists improve them a little in order to be able to live in them all year round.
Another technology for the construction of domed houses is the frame construction of a structure.
In this case, the frame can be made of any material, and all its elements are connected by special connectors of different sizes and types.
Advantages of a domed house
Spherical houses, which are built using any chosen technology, are endowed with similar properties and characteristics.
There are several advantages of such houses.
Moreover, you can install houses in any climatic conditions. Dome roofs freely withstand snow loads. They do not leak, as the precipitation does not linger on the roof structure.
The cost of building such a structure is low. The basis of the structure is often a frame, which is lined with various modern materials. It can be:
- OSB sheets;
- plywood;
- Styrofoam;
- drywall;
- other similar sheet materials.
Finishing the frame of a domed house with sheet materials Thanks to modern tools that are used in the construction of domed houses, the buildings are endowed with a high rate of energy efficiency. .
Do not forget in the process of constructing a structure about the ventilation system that any building needs.
Such a house is considered an excellent sound insulator. Especially if it is built from polystyrene foam, these are Japanese housing construction technologies.
Varieties of domed dwellings
The technology for erecting cottages of a spherical shape can be any. An important role is played by the projects of the future structure and its appearance. So, domed houses can be full-fledged or not.
That is, in the first case, only the roof structure is constructed in the form of a dome, and in the second, the entire house is completely. Building all this yourself is not difficult.
A variant of the project of a two-story domed house Most importantly, it is necessary to correctly make design drawings and calculate all building materials.
According to the type of roof structure, spherical houses can be in the form of an icosahedron or based on simple polyhedra.
The first type is considered to be a rational option today, which allows you to correctly divide the space into certain vectors.
And this only adds strength to the structure, since connectors will connect all the elements.
The technology of erecting a roof in the form of a dome is quite complicated. It includes the calculation of the required number of wooden beams, boards and other structural elements that must be installed on a solid foundation. Often this is a framework.
If the design is complete and is a spherical house, then the shape of the dome itself can be:
The first type of structure is based on a round frame. The building itself is spherical in shape. The second type is characterized by the fact that it is assembled on a specific structure, the height of which can be any. The oval shape of the spherical house is more interesting than all the others.
The base can be round or oval. Semicircular buildings are structures that have walls 1-1.5 meters high on the foundation, and only after that a dome is built. Polygonal houses are considered unusual. They are based on polygonal structures and also have the shape of a ball, only with an imperfectly flat surface.
The layout of each type of building is different. It all depends on what functionality is initially invested in the home.
Special devices for the construction of a domed house
Firstly, in order to build spherical houses, it is necessary to initially determine what shape and type they can be. Secondly, you need to make the correct calculation of materials and means for their construction. Next, a construction technology is selected, which can be with or without a frame.
So, the construction of a domed house is possible only with the use of:
- connectors;
- metal corners;
- various special fasteners and so on.
The connector is an element that serves to connect the wood frame of both the roof structure and the entire structure.
It can be five- and six-beam. At the same time, it should be noted that the useful area of \u200b\u200bcottages built according to technology using a frame is quite large. Thanks to this, a unique interior of the dwelling is created.
An example of the interior design of a spherical house Metal corners are used for the construction of small domed cottages. They are practical and also mounted on a wooden frame. There are also plastic fasteners, with the help of which domed foam houses are erected. This construction technology is considered the easiest and fastest to perform.
You can buy all the elements for a better connection of the frame of the house at any specialized store. Although some modern masters make them on their own.
The price of metal corners and connectors will be more expensive than similar fixtures made of thick plastic.
Detailed layout of the house-sphere Dome houses in our country are not widely used and are not used in mass construction. However, for those who are inclined to realize their wildest ideas and ideas, this project can be a great way to build an unusual house. Of course, such a construction has its own specifics. The article will consider what domed houses are: projects and prices, as well as a description of the structures and photos of the original buildings.
What are domed houses: projects and prices of buildings
Dome-type houses are a rarity in our area, and they can rarely be found on city streets. For this reason, not much is known about the advantages and disadvantages of such structures and how justified their construction is in comparison with traditional buildings.
Among the positive aspects of the construction of such unusual houses are:
- the interior space of houses that have a domed shape is used more rationally. First of all, this can be seen if you make calculations for two houses that are the same in area, but have a different shape (dome and square). In the first case, the savings in building materials will be about 20%;
- in comparison with domed houses, rectangular houses are less resistant to mechanical loads, including winds. By itself, the hemisphere can withstand much more, of course, if all calculations have been made correctly;
Subject to compliance with all norms and rules of construction, a domed house can become a reliable and durable structure.
- flat roofs are already not very popular in our climate zone, however, the dome shape of the roof will completely save you from having to clean the snow from the roof;
- the number of windows that can be provided in a domed house without compromising structural strength is much greater than for standard buildings;
- due to its shape, the domed house can be located on the site on any side, and the load will always be distributed evenly.
Among other advantages, it is worth noting that due to the lower weight of the entire structure, it does not need such a massive foundation as for traditional buildings. A not too expensive and complex tape base will be quite enough. In addition, the assembly of the structure is made from ready-made elements, so that it takes only a few days.
Among the shortcomings of such structures, the following nuances are noted:
- if construction is to be done on a small or narrow site, it is not easy to conveniently place a round structure;
- arranging furniture in a finished house can also cause some difficulties related to the shape of the house. Putting something against the wall is unlikely to succeed;
- the construction of such a structure implies non-standard execution of some of its parts, which may entail additional costs;
- it is difficult to create a project for a domed house on your own. You can use a ready-made drawing or order an individual development using 3D technologies.
It is also worth understanding that standard windows in domed houses are of little relevance. Round or triangular windows are much more suitable, which will organically fit into the overall image of the house.
Prices for dome structures:
| Design name | Area, m? | Number of floors | Peculiarities | price, rub. |
| Dobrosfera Z6 | 28 | 1 | Free layout. Ability to install windows of any shape | 68000 |
| Dobrosfera Z10 | 120 | 2 | Wooden floor between floors, free layout | 188000 |
| Dome house from "IST Sphere" | 102 | 2 | Dome diameter - 8.8 m. Free layout | 418000 |
| Domokomplekt D9 | 60 | 2 | Complete second floor. Includes everything needed to build a house and a foundation plan | 450000 |
| Domokomplekt D12 | 165 | 2 | All wooden elements are treated with fire protection. The kit includes detailed assembly instructions, as well as a foundation diagram. | 710000 |
| Dome house from "IST Sphere" | 283 | 3 | The construction period, taking into account the design, is 2-4 months. Dome diameter - 12.5 m | 840000 |
Dome houses: projects, design features and its construction
In order to give the house a domed shape, a special power frame is used, on top of which a protective and decorative coating is mounted. The inner part of the walls must be sheathed with insulation. At the same stage, they are engaged in laying network cables and other communications.
The construction of interior partitions and the installation of door and window openings is carried out using standard technologies that are also used in traditional buildings.
To provide the frame elements with a reliable connection, special fasteners are used, which are called connectors. Since it is they who take on all the main burden from using the house, special attention should be paid to their choice. It is necessary to choose and buy high-quality connectors for a domed house and not save on the purchase.
If you are planning to build a house on your own, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich will be from 150 to 250 m?, then it is recommended to use a steel billet with a thickness of at least 3-4 mm. In most cases, this is sufficient, since such buildings rarely have more than 2 floors, and the load is distributed in such a way as not to have a destructive effect on the frame.
Spherical houses: projects and materials for construction
In the process of building spherical houses, as a rule, preference is given to light, environmentally friendly and durable materials. In addition, they should be easy to mount and at the same time fully fulfill their role. Consider the components for spherical construction:
- connectors for a domed house - elements that provide strength to the structure at the points of nodal connections. In order to protect these areas from the appearance of corrosion, they are additionally opened with a primer and paint;
- an insulating layer is required, which is most often used as mineral wool. However, there is another option - foamed polyurethane. It is easier to install and, unlike mineral wool, does not allow moisture to pass through, which greatly facilitates the work;
- as a roofing substrate, OSB board is used, which belongs to category 3 or 4. For their production, wood chips are used, which are pressed and fastened together using synthetic resins. Such plates are strong enough for this purpose and are extremely resistant to severe loads;
- flexible tiles are used to decorate the upper part of the roof, since this is the only material that easily takes any shape and at the same time simply and quickly fits;
- the layout of domed houses can be any. Using, for example, drywall sheets, you can divide the available space in a way that is convenient;
- For interior decoration, a wide variety of materials can be used. To create an original interior of a domed house, you can use any available materials, combining and combining them at your discretion.
As you can see, all the materials that are used for the construction of domed houses are lightweight and extremely easy to assemble and dismantle. Therefore, the finished house can always be disassembled, transported to another place, and reassembled without damaging the structure and completely preserving all the characteristics of the building.
Of course, the layout of the domed house will be somewhat different from what we are used to. However, this does not mean at all that the unusual shape of the building imposes any restrictions or prohibitions on the owners. On the contrary, thanks to the unusual shape of the walls, you can create the most unusual and original interiors.
Here are some tips to help with the arrangement and decoration:
- since all furniture and decorative elements are designed to be placed against a standard wall, you can think about custom-made to order. For example, semicircular paintings placed on the wall look great;
- if necessary, furnish an office, you can think about wooden furniture, the elements of which will exactly repeat the shape of the walls, giving the room an unusual atmosphere;
- as for the installation of various communications, only the shape of the internal walls, as well as the features of the finishing materials used, will play a role here;
- an element such as a fireplace can be placed in the center of the room, making it the main element of the composition and at the same time solving the problem of the lack of a flat wall for its installation. In addition, this will allow you to save the maximum amount of heat that it gives, without wasting it on heating external walls;
- Another problem that may arise is opening windows. If they are located high enough, then it will be simply inconvenient to open them manually. For this purpose, there are automated systems that allow you to do this with the help of electric drives;
- special attention should be paid to the lighting of the domed house. It will be better if there are many light sources, because if you use one traditional chandelier under the ceiling, there may not be enough light.
Dome house: photos, projects and technical features to consider
In addition to the features that owners have to face in the process of arranging a domed house, it is also necessary to take into account a number of requirements that apply to any residential building. So, the project must be drawn up taking into account all fire safety standards, as well as in accordance with the construction rules.
It is necessary to take into account the terrain and type of soil on which the building will be erected. The level at which groundwater is located plays an important role, since, despite the relatively small weight of the structure, it is still a residential building that must stand firmly and not succumb to external destructive factors over time.
Of course, in the construction process, we strive to use the most natural and environmentally friendly materials. But when it comes to the implementation of such a non-standard project as a domed house, you should pay attention to modern artificial materials. In many cases, they are superior to natural counterparts in a number of technical characteristics.
Finishing the facade of a domed house with natural stone
It is worthwhile to think carefully about heating and ventilation systems, since their arrangement has certain nuances, and in order to economically allocate resources, it is important to study this issue in advance.
How to build a domed house with your own hands: assembly instructions
In order to build a strong and reliable domed house, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the proposed algorithm, step by step performing each operation. Consider each stage from laying the foundation to the final finishing of the house.
As with the construction of any traditional house, you need to start with measurements and equipment of the appropriate foundation, which will become a reliable basis for the structure. After that, the main elements of the frame are laid out, which will perform a supporting function and are the basis of the whole house.
Using a wooden hammer, dowels must be hammered into the supporting vertical beams. The strength of such a connection is provided by the own weight of the elements. For this reason, construction progresses extremely quickly, especially considering the fact that special grooves are provided in the lower parts of the boards.
After that, you can proceed to the installation of transverse struts and fixing the OSB board. For this purpose, standard self-tapping screws are perfect, which will provide quick and reliable fastening.
At the top point, where all the beams converge, a special disk is used for secure fastening. At the same time, the lower segments are also sheathed, which gives the structure additional stability and strength. After that, it remains only to install the upper struts and sheathe the frame with wood boards.
Acting according to this scheme, it is quite possible to assemble it yourself, instead of purchasing a ready-made domed house. Owner reviews claim that if you strictly follow all the recommendations, then in the end you will get no less durable construction that will serve you for more than one year.
Ready-made domed houses: projects, prices and photos of popular options
Not everyone wants to build a house on their own, and many prefer that specialists implement a finished project of a domed house on their site. This option is less risky, since it excludes the most difficult stages of preparation, and the calculation of a domed house is reduced only to taking into account the existing conditions.
But before ordering a turnkey domed house, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with as many offers as possible in this area. Projects and prices of spherical houses can differ significantly from each other, which, on the one hand, greatly expands the choice, and on the other hand, complicates the task of choosing the best option.
As for the price of a turnkey domed house, it is important to understand here that in addition to acquiring the frame itself, you also need to take into account various indirect costs that, one way or another, will arise during the construction process.
Buying a domed house may not be as profitable as building it yourself, but you get a guarantee from the manufacturer and in case of any problems, you can easily turn to him for help. As an example, consider several options for domed houses, their prices and main characteristics.
The cost of finished domed houses:
| Design name | Area, m? | Number of floors | Peculiarities | price, rub. |
| ARMIT Group Project No. 7 | 50 | free layout | The set includes an entrance door, 4 plastic windows, full insulation and cladding of the house | 440000 |
| Dome-Dom Standard Dome House | 52 | 3 | The price includes fine finishing of the walls, both from the outside and from the inside, flooring, installation of windows and doors, a bathroom | 690000 |
| Enlarged house from Dome-Dom | from 72 | 4 | Finishing with flexible tiles, flooring - laminate, a hatch is provided in the upper part of the house | 793000 |
| ARMIT Group Project No. 8 | 235 | free layout | The height of the dome at the zenith is 7.2 m, the diameter is 12 m. The construction of interior partitions is carried out on an individual order | 1350000 |
| Sky 7.7 | 81.7 | 2 | Delivery cost depends on the location of the site. There is a terrace | 1790000 + finishing materials |
| Sky 12 | 191.5 | 4 | German roofing. Two bathrooms | 4450000 + finishing materials |
Stratodesic dome house: cost and features
The stratodesic dome house is a structure that is assembled from separate vertical posts assembled at the top point. Such structures differ from geodesic domes, because if partial sheathing is not carried out in parallel with the assembly of the frame, the house will not have the necessary stability and it may simply fold.
When building a small house with an area of about 52 m², the complete assembly takes only a few hours. However, including all additional finishing work, it may take up to 7 days. At the same time, the purchase and assembly of the frame will cost about 500 thousand rubles, excluding interior finishing work and the purchase of necessary materials.
Dome houses using Japanese technology
The Japanese technology for the construction of domed houses implies the use of not only non-standard solutions in the process of assembling the frame, but also the use of non-traditional materials for this type of building. This technology makes it possible to build domed houses from foam plastic, which has excellent heat and sound insulation properties, while having a very low cost.
Depending on the characteristics of climatic conditions, materials of various thicknesses (from 8 to 19 cm) are used for the construction of a domed house made of expanded polystyrene. The frame is assembled from separate sections, in which there are already door and window openings.
Installation of the entire structure can be carried out both on a conventional strip foundation and on a wooden frame. The difference will be only in the method of attaching the house to the base. All communications are laid in the internal partitions of the house, and in the presence of several floors and in the ceilings.
The main advantage of domed houses built using Japanese technology is high mobility and at the same time sufficient reliability to build such houses even in our rather harsh climate. According to reviews, domed houses, with proper finishing and insulation, are in no way inferior to traditional buildings in terms of technical characteristics.
When you get acquainted with the projects and prices of domed houses made of polystyrene foam, you will notice that their cost can differ significantly. It depends not only on the materials used, but also on the company itself, which is engaged in the production and sale of sections. The minimum cost will be 2000 rubles per 1 m², however, this depends on how thick the walls will be and what materials will be used.
Looking through photos of domed houses, projects, as well as construction instructions, you can be sure that such an original idea as a spherical house is worthy of attention. At an affordable cost, this design is very easy to build, resistant to any external factors and in no way inferior to traditional houses. And in order to do everything on your own, without resorting to the help of specialists, just watch thematic video tutorials.
Dome house: video instruction for self-assembly of the structure
