STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
EXTERNAL INFLUENCED FACTORS
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
GOST 26883-86
(ST SEV 5127-85)
GOSSTANDARD OF RUSSIA
Moscow
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
Date of introduction 01.07.87
This standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of external influencing factors (EIF) and applies to technical products and materials (hereinafter referred to as products). The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation and literature that are within the scope of standardization or that use the results of this activity. This standard must be used in conjunction with GOST 15484-81 (regarding radiation VVF). 1. Standardized terms with definitions are given in the table. 2. For each concept, one standardized term is established. The use of synonymous terms of a standardized term is not allowed. 2.1. The given definitions can be changed, if necessary, by introducing derived features into them, revealing the meanings of the terms used in them, indicating the objects included in the scope of the defined concept. Changes must not violate the scope and content of the concepts defined in this standard. 3. The standard contains an alphabetical index of terms. 4. This standard fully complies with ST SEV 5127-85. 5. Terms and definitions of general technical concepts necessary for understanding the text of the standard are given in Appendix 1. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
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Definition |
GENERAL CONCEPTS |
1. External influencing factor WWF | A phenomenon, process or environment external to a product or its components that causes or may cause a limitation or loss of the product’s operational state during operation | 2. Normal VVF value | VVF value, statistically processed and averaged based on multiple observations for a specific area of operation of a product or group of products | 3. Nominal value of VVF | Normalized changing or constant upper and lower values of VVF, within which the specified operational state of specific types of products is ensured | 4. Rated operating conditions | Set of nominal values of VVF | 5. Effective value of VVF | Conditional constant value of VVF, accepted when calculating the nominal parameters of a product that affect the service life and (or) storability, significantly depending on a given VVF and normalized for operation during the service life and (or) storability | 6. Resistance of the product to VVF | The property of a product to maintain an operational state during and after exposure to a certain VVF on the product throughout its entire service life within specified values | 7. Product resistance to WWF | The property of a product to maintain an operational state during the action of a certain VVF within specified values | 8. Product strength to VVF | The property of a product to maintain an operational state after exposure to a certain VVF within specified values |
MECHANICAL VVF |
9. Noise | Irregular or statistically random fluctuation | 10. Mechanical shock | Short-term mechanical impact of solid bodies when they collide with each other and phenomena accompanying this process | 11. Water hammer | A sharp increase or decrease in the pressure of a moving fluid with a sudden decrease or increase in flow speed | 12 Aerodynamic shock | Mechanical impact of a shock wave formed when an aircraft moves in the atmosphere at the moment it reaches supersonic speed | 13. Sonic boom | According to GOST 23281-78 | 14 Shock wave | A transition region propagating at supersonic speed in a gas, liquid or solid in which a sharp increase in density, pressure and velocity of the medium occurs | 15 Seismic impact | Underground shocks and surface vibrations caused by natural and artificial causes | 16. Impact of earthquake | Seismic impact caused by natural causes | 17. Seismic shock | Seismic impact caused by artificial explosions | 18. Pitching | Oscillation of a product in which its vertical axis deviates from the vertical towards the earth's surface | 19. Bank | The position of the product in which its vertical axis is deflected in the transverse plane of symmetry from the vertical to the earth's surface | 20. Trim | The tilt of a product, in which its vertical axis is deflected in the longitudinal plane of symmetry from the vertical to the earth's surface | 20a. Mechanical vibrations | According to GOST 24346-80 | 20b. Vibration | According to GOST 24346-80 | 20th century Random vibrations (vibration) | According to GOST 24346-80 | 20 Harmonic oscillations (vibration) | According to GOST 24346-80 | 20d. Mechanical pressure | Pressure, characterized by the intensity of normal forces with which one body or medium acts on the surface of another body or medium | 20th Static pressure | Mechanical pressure, the intensity, point of application and direction of which changes over time so slowly that inertial forces are not taken into account | 20g. Dynamic pressure | Mechanical pressure, the intensity, point of application and direction of which changes over time so quickly that inertial forces are taken into account |
CLIMATE WWF |
21. Precipitation | Falling or condensed precipitation | 22. Atmospheric precipitation | Liquid and solid water falling from clouds | 23. Atmospheric condensed precipitation | Water in liquid and solid form, formed on the earth's surface and on objects located near it, as a result of condensation of water vapor in the air | 24. Sea fog | Condensation aerosols with a liquid dispersed phase of sea water, characterized by the established constancy of the salt composition, in which the mass fraction of ions is Cl - , S 0 2- 4 , HCO - 3 , Br - , CO 2- 3 , F - , Na + , Mg 2+ , K 4 , Ca 2+ is 99.99% | 25. Static dust (sand) | Aerosol with a solid dispersed phase of dust (sand), in a static state | 26. Dynamic dust (sand) | Aerosol with a solid dispersed phase of dust (sand), in a dynamic state | 27. Wind | Air flow moving at a speed greater than 0.6 m × s -1 | 28. Sea water corrosive agent | A substance found in seawater that accelerates the destruction of a product due to corrosion. Note. Such substances include, for example, chlorides, sulfates, carbonates of alkali and alkaline earth metals and others | 29. Corrosive agent of the soil environment | A substance found in soil and soil that accelerates the process of destruction of a product due to corrosion. Note. Such substances include, for example, chlorides, nitrides, sulfates, carbonates, humus, metabolic products and others | 30. Corrosive environmental agent | A substance found in the atmosphere that accelerates the destruction of a product due to corrosion. Note. Such substances include, for example, sulfur dioxide, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, etc. | 31. Heatstroke | Impact of sudden changes in ambient temperature | 31a. Atmosphere pressure | Absolute pressure of the near-Earth atmosphere | 31b. Integral solar radiation | Electromagnetic radiation equal to a selectively filtered frequency spectrum |
BIOLOGICAL WWF |
32. Biological WWF | Organisms or their communities that exert external influences and cause disruption of the serviceable and operational condition of the product | 33. Bacterium | A microorganism that has a cell membrane, but does not have a cell nucleus, reproduces by simple division and contributes to the destruction of products | 34. Mold | A microorganism that develops on metals, optical glasses and other materials in the form of a velvety coating, secreting organic acids that contribute to the destruction of products | 35. Fouler | According to GOST 9.102-91 |
WWF SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTS |
36. Special environment | Media - inorganic and organic compounds, oils, lubricants, solvents, fuels, working solutions, working fluids, external to the product, which cause or may cause limitation or loss of the working condition of the product during operation or storage | 37. Filling medium | The medium used to fill the volume in which the product is operated | 38. Working fluid | A gaseous or liquid substance with the help of which any energy is converted to produce cold, heat or mechanical work | 39. Test environment | A special environment affecting the product during control tests during its manufacturing and acceptance | 40. Working solution | A special medium, which is a solution of organic and (or) inorganic substances used for disinfection, decontamination, sterilization and degassing | 40a. Radioactive aerosol | Aerosol, the dispersed phase of which includes radionuclides |
THERMAL VVF |
41. Heatstroke | The impact of sudden changes in ambient temperature on the product | 42. Radiative heating | An increase in the temperature of structural elements of products irradiated with ionizing radiation as a result of the conversion of radiation energy absorbed by the materials of these products into thermal energy | 43. Electrical heating | An increase in the temperature of structural elements of a product under the influence of an electric field, as a result of the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy | 44. Ultrasonic heating | An increase in the temperature of structural elements of a product under the influence of ultrasound, as a result of the conversion of the energy of ultrasonic vibrations into thermal energy | D. Ultraschallaufwärmen | E. Ultrasound heating | 44a. Aerodynamic heating | Heating of a gas-flowed surface of a body moving in a gaseous medium at high speed in the presence of convective, and at hypersonic speeds, radiative heat exchange with the gaseous medium in the boundary or shock layer | (Changed edition. Amendment No. 1). |
VVF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS |
45. Laser radiation | Electromagnetic chromatic radiation in the visible, infrared and ultraviolet range, based on stimulated emission of radiation from atoms and molecules |
ALPHABETIC INDEX OF TERMS
Environmental agent corrosive 30Sea water corrosive agent 28Corrosive soil agent 29Aerosol radioactive 40a Bacterium 33WWF biological 32Wind 27Vibration 20b Impact of earthquake 16Seismic impact 15Shock wave 14Mold mushroom 34Atmospheric pressure 31a Dynamic pressure 20 w Mechanical pressure 20 d Static pressure 20th Trim 20Normal value VVF 2Nominal value VVF 3Effective value VVF 5Integral solar radiation 31b Laser radiation 45Pitching 18Harmonic oscillations (vibration) 20g Mechanical vibrations 20a Random vibrations (vibration) 20v Bank 19Aerodynamic heating 44a Fouler 35Atmospheric precipitation 21Atmospheric precipitation 22Condensed atmospheric precipitation 23Product strength to VVF 8Dust (sand) dynamic 26Dust (sand) static 25Working solution 40Radiation heating 42Ultrasonic heating 44Electric heating 43Filling medium 37Test environment 39Wednesday special 36Resistance of the product to VVF 6Working body 38Sea fog 24Aerodynamic impact 12Hydraulic impact 11Sonic boom 13Impact mechanical 10Seismic shock 17Thermal shock 31Thermal shock 41Product resistance to WWF 7Operating conditions are nominal 4External influencing factor 1Noise 9(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).ANNEX 1
Information
EXPLANATIONS FOR SOME TERMS
1. External influencing factor Regulatory and technical documents (NTD) consider external influencing factors that cause limitation or loss of the working condition of products, i.e. having a harmful effect on them, although in some cases they can increase the working condition, for example, low temperatures increase the working capacity of refrigeration units. 3 . Nominal value of VVF The nominal values of VVF are taken as normalized changing or constant upper and lower values of VVF. In the technical documentation, among the nominal VVF Values, you can also set operating and limiting operating values. Limit operating values of VVF - values of VVF within which products may rarely be in operation and must at the same time: a) remain operational, but may not maintain the required accuracy and nominal parameters (at the same time, permissible deviations are indicated in the standard or technical specifications for products accuracy and nominal parameters, if these deviations occur); b) restore the required accuracy and nominal parameters after the termination of these limiting operating values, 5. Effective value of VVF The impact of the effective value of VVF is, as a rule, equivalent to the effect of a variable value of this factor during operation. 10. Mechanical shock Mechanical shock can be single or multiple. A type of mechanical shock is a ballistic shock. Ballistic impact is the impact of a body when it meets an obstacle during a ballistic flight. Ballistic flight is the flight of a body that occurs in the absence of aerodynamic lift. 18. Rolling There is a distinction between rolling (angle of inclination) and vertical (periodic vertical movement towards the earth's surface). 12. Roll The term “roll” is most often used in relation to ships and aircraft. 20 Trim Trim is eliminated by redistributing loads along the length of the product (in ships, redistributing water ballast). 20th Mechanical pressure Mechanical pressure can be of the following types: hydraulic, pneumatic, light pressure, gas pressure. 26. Dynamic dust (sand) Dynamic dust (sand) has an abrasive effect on products and materials. 29. Corrosive agent of the soil-ground environment Soil - rocks of the Earth that are the object of human engineering and construction activities. 35. Fouling fouling is aquatic organisms (animals and plants of marine and fresh waters) that settle on stone structures, underwater parts of ships, buoys, port and other hydraulic structures, inside the surface of water systems, water intake pipes, on underwater cables, etc. ., reducing the speed of ships, reducing the flow of water in water pipes, reducing the efficiency of cooling devices and promoting corrosion of metal and concrete underwater structures. 45. Laser radiation Stimulated radiation is coherent electromagnetic radiation that occurs during forced transitions (coinciding in direction, frequency, phase and polarization with stimulated radiation).INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED USSR State Committee for Standards 2. APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT Resolution of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated April 29, 1986 No. 1142 3. The standard is fully consistent ST SEV 5127-85 4. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME5. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS|
Term number |
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GOST 9.102-91 |
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GOST 15484-81 |
Introductory part |
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GOST 23281-78 |
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GOST 24346-80 |
20a, 20b, 20c, 20d |
Tests for durability of technical products. Tests for exposure to water, GOST R 52562-2006
Standardization. GOST R 52562-2006: Test methods for resistance to climatic external influences of machines, instruments and other technical products. Water exposure tests. OKS: General provisions. Terminology. Standardization. Documentation, Standardization. General rules. GOST standards. Test methods for resistance to climatic external.... class=text>
GOST R 52562-2006
Test methods for resistance to external climatic influences of machines, devices and other technical products. Water Tests
GOST R 52562-2006
Group T51
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Durability test methods
to climatic external influencing factors
machines, instruments and other technical products
WATER EXPOSURE TESTS
Climatic environment stability test methods for machines,
instruments and other industrial products.
Test methods for water influence
OKS 01.120
OKP 31 0000-52 0000
60 0000-80 0000
94 0000
Date of introduction
for newly developed and modernized products - 2007-01-01;
for products developed before 2007-01-01, - 2010-01-01*
* For standards and products developed before 2007-01-01, this standard is introduced in the period before 2010-01-01 with any revision of standards and technical specifications for products. At the same time, for products developed before 2007-01-01, when conducting the first tests after 2007-01-01 to confirm the requirements for the VVF, as well as periodic tests of products in production, it is recommended to be guided by the requirements of this standard.
Preface
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ “On Technical Regulation”, and the rules for applying national standards of the Russian Federation are GOST R 1.0-2004 “Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic Provisions”
Standard information
1 DEVELOPED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 341 “External influences”
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 341 “External influences”
3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated July 31, 2006 N 147-st
4 This standard includes modified substantive provisions of the following international standards:
IEC 60068-2-18:2000 "Basic test methods for environmental influences - Part 2: Tests - Test R and guidance - Water";
IEC 60529:1989 "Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)" regarding water testing.
A comparison of the main regulatory provisions and designations of methods of this standard with the corresponding regulatory provisions of these international standards, as well as information on additions and clarifications reflecting the needs of the country's economy, are given in the introduction and in Appendix A
5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Information about changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information indexes “National Standards”. Relevant information, notifications and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
Introduction
The requirements of this standard relate to safety issues ensured by the resistance of technical products to external influences during operation.
This standard is part of the set of standards “Test methods for resistance to external influences of machines, instruments and other technical products” (GOST 30630 complex), the composition of which is given in GOST 30630.0.0-99, Appendix E.
This standard complies with international standards, but complements and clarifies test methods, their classification and composition, linking test methods (modes) with the conditions and service life of products and covering the entire range of technical products, which is currently missing in international standards related to external influencing factors.
1 area of use
1 area of use
This standard applies to machines, instruments and other technical products of all types (hereinafter referred to as products) and establishes methods for testing them for the effects of static hydraulic pressure, water resistance, rain resistance, drip resistance, water resistance and splash resistance, in particular to verify tests for compliance of products with technical requirements, specified in the standards and technical specifications for products, including GOST 15150.
This standard should be used in conjunction with GOST 30630.0.0 and GOST 14254.
The requirements of sections 4-9 of this standard relate to safety requirements and are mandatory.
2 Normative references
This standard uses normative references to the following standards:
GOST 14254-96 (IEC 529-89) Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
GOST 15150-69 Machines, instruments and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions regarding the impact of environmental climatic factors
GOST 26883-86 External influencing factors. Terms and Definitions
GOST 30630.0.0-99 Test methods for resistance to external influences of machines, devices and other technical products. General requirements.
Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which is published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference document is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the reference document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference to it is given applies to the part that does not affect this reference.
3 Terms and definitions
This standard uses terms with appropriate definitions and abbreviations related to the following areas:
- general concepts of external influencing factors (hereinafter - VVF): According to GOST 15150 and GOST 26883;
- requirements for products in terms of degrees of protection by shells: According to GOST 14254;
- tests for resistance to VVF: According to GOST 30630.0.0;
including:
electrical radio product(hereinafter - ERI): A product (device) intended for the use, production, conversion, distribution and transmission of electromagnetic energy.
4 General requirements
4.1 The resistance of products to water can be ensured by their shells or other means (in whole or in part).
To check the compliance of products provided with shells with the necessary requirements, test methods and their designations according to GOST 14254 are used.
In other cases, conformity testing methods and their designations according to this standard are used. It should be taken into account that most methods for checking compliance are identical, but their designations are different, since the designations of methods according to this standard are included in the general designation system for test methods for resistance to airborne explosives according to GOST 30630.0.0.
Data on the correspondence between conformity testing methods and their designations are given in the main text of this standard and Appendix A.
Notes
1 A situation similar to that specified in this clause exists in IEC standards (see Annex A).
2 The requirements of tests 217 and 219 also apply to product shells.
4.2 During testing, the requirements of sections 4, 7, 8 of GOST 30630.0.0 are taken into account.
4.3 Before and after testing (and if established in regulatory documents (hereinafter referred to as ND) for the product, then during testing), the product must be subjected to an external inspection and its parameters must be measured in accordance with sections 4, 7, 8 of GOST 30630.0 .0, in particular - product parameters that determine safety.
It must be stated whether the product is tested in operation, in a non-operational state, or in a ready-to-use state. At the same time, for ERI and other products that work with their connection to power sources, the conditions for checking the electrical strength of the product insulation are specified. In addition, for such a product there should not be:
- accumulation of water on electrical insulating parts, where water can cause tracking (formation of conductive traces) along leakage paths;
- water entering live parts or windings not designed to operate in a wet state;
- accumulation of water near cable entries and (for electrical products) terminal boxes or penetration into cables.
In order to most accurately reproduce operating conditions in terms of the effect of water in ND on the product, the procedure for measuring the parameters of the product after testing must be specified: whether the parameters, or part of the parameters of the product, should be measured, as well as before or after drying them.
4.4 Water used for testing must be clean, filtered and demineralized, unless otherwise specified in this standard.
5 Static hydraulic pressure test (Test 216)
5.1 The test is carried out to check the preservation of product parameters under conditions of prolonged exposure to water. The test is carried out using method 216-1.
5.2 The test corresponds to the test method for compliance with the second characteristic figure 8 according to GOST 14254, but this section establishes more specific requirements.
5.3 The product is placed in a tank of water, in which a static hydraulic pressure is created corresponding to a value 50% greater than the pressure at the maximum immersion depth specified in the RD for the product.
5.4 The product is maintained at this pressure for 15 minutes, after which the pressure is reduced to normal. The pressure is then increased again to the value corresponding to the maximum immersion depth in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1
Excess pressure, kPa | Immersion depth, m |
The product is kept at this pressure for 24 hours or 168 hours. If there is a special technical justification, if this is specified in the ND for the product, it is allowed to keep the product for 2 hours. At the end of this period, the parameters specified in the ND for the product are measured type of tests.
5.5 The pressure is reduced to normal. Without removing the product from the water, the parameters specified in the RD for the product are measured.
5.6 If specified in the RD for the product, then the product operating under water is tested under load. The value, method and duration of load application are established in the RD for the product.
5.7 The product is removed from the water and wiped. Visual inspection and measurement of parameters are carried out in accordance with 4.3.
6 Short-term immersion water test (Test 217)
6.1 The test is carried out to check the preservation of the parameters of the product during and (or) after its stay in water.
6.2 Tests are carried out using the following methods:
217-1 - exposure to fresh water;
217-2 - emergency exposure to salt water.
Testing by method 217-2 is carried out, if specified in the RD for a product intended for sea vessels, in order to check the continued (for a limited period) operability of the product after short-term exposure to sea water as a result of emergency flooding of the compartment in which the product is located. Tests by this method are carried out in accordance with the requirements of 9.1 GOST 30630.0.0.
6.3 Method 217-1
6.3.1 The test is carried out on the product in an inoperative state (unless otherwise specified in the RD for the product) or its shell, if necessary with plugs installed. In places where this is provided for by the design of the shell, which is opened during operation, immediately before testing, doors, hatches, panels, etc. are opened and closed (or removed and installed) three times.
6.3.2 The test is carried out using the test method established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 7. In this case, in accordance with the requirements established in the RD for a specific product, it is recommended to choose:
- immersion depth - from the range 0.15; 0.4; 1.0; 2.0; 5.0 m;
- duration of stay under water - from the series 0.5; 2; 24 hours
6.4 Method 217-2
6.4.1 The test is carried out as specified for method 217-1, but the product is immersed in salt water (3% sodium chloride solution in water) and kept for 48 hours.
6.4.2 After exposure to salt water, the product is removed and washed with fresh water by immersion or hosing.
6.4.3 The product is dried by blowing with dry warm air (temperature 60 °C - 80 °C).
6.4.4 Determine the performance of the product within 48 hours using the methods specified in the RD for the product.
It is allowed to measure the parameters specified in the RD, which determine the performance of the product, immediately after drying according to 6.4.3 and after 48 hours.
7 Rain test (Test 218)
7.1 The test is carried out to verify the preservation of product parameters during and (or) after exposure to rain.
7.2 The test is carried out using the following methods:
218-1 - testing the product using a sprinkler;
218-2 - testing the product using a swinging pipe.
Method 218-1 is used as the main method for testing a product whose parameters are not related to the protective properties of shells (for example, to check the electrical strength of external insulation).
7.3 If, during ERI testing, product parameters related to electrical strength or electrical insulation resistance are measured, the sprinkler water must have a resistivity of (100 ± 10) Ohm m, measured at a temperature of 20 °C or normalized to 20 °C.
7.4 Method 218-1. Testing product parameters not related to the protective properties of product shells
7.4.1 The test is carried out under a sprinkler installation, which must provide the test mode with the deviations established in sections 4, 7, 8 of GOST 30630.0.0.
7.4.2 The product (if necessary, mounted in a mock-up of the corresponding part of the complete product) is placed under a sprinkler system having a hole diameter for water passage of 0.4 mm. The method of placing the product under the sprinkler system is determined by the RD for the product. The rain zone must cover the overall dimensions of the product by at least 30 cm. The direction of rainfall must make an angle of 45° with the plane of the product, the water temperature at the initial moment of testing must be at least 10 °C lower than the temperature of the product.
7.4.3 The product is exposed to rain for 2 hours with an intensity of (5±1) or (3±1) mm/min, depending on the requirements for the product in accordance with its climatic design according to GOST 15150. During this time, if established in the RD for the product, carry out the checks specified in the ND for it.
The product is periodically rotated 90° around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the product. A product designed to operate in a specific operating position is rotated every 30 minutes. The product, designed to operate in any operating position, is rotated every 15 minutes, and after every hour of testing it is rotated 180° relative to the plane of the product. It is allowed to interrupt the tests while the product is being rotated. Instead of turning the product, it is allowed to turn the sprinkler. It is recommended to install the product on a base that allows the product to rotate around a vertical axis with a frequency of one rotation per minute.
7.4.4 The intensity of rain is measured using a cylindrical catchment with a diameter of 10-20 cm and a depth of at least half the diameter.
The intensity of rain is measured near the axis of the object (or part of it being tested), as close to the object as possible, but so that reflected drops of water do not fall into the reservoir. Measurements are taken at the top, middle and bottom points of the object, or only at the middle if the height of the object is less than 100 cm. The water collector should be moved up and down near the measurement point. When testing objects with horizontal dimensions greater than 2 m, measurements must be made in two or three places in the horizontal plane, and in each of these places - at the top, middle and bottom points of the object or only at the middle point.
The values measured for each point should not differ by more than 25% from the average value.
The average value of all measurements of the vertical component of rain is taken as the rain intensity value during testing.
7.4.5 The product is removed from the chamber and wiped, opened, subjected to visual inspection and its parameters are measured in accordance with 4.2.
7.4.6 The RD for a product may establish a test procedure that differs from that established in this standard.
7.5 Method 218-2. Testing the protective properties of shells or product parameters related to the protective properties of shells
The test is carried out using the method established in GOST 14254, provided for testing for compliance with the second characteristic number 3, but when jets hit the product at an angle from 0° to 45° from the vertical axis of the product and at a rain intensity established for method 218-1.
8 Drip proof test (test 219)
8.1 The test is carried out to verify:
- maintaining product parameters during and (or) after exposure to drops;
- the ability of the shells (casings) of the product not to allow water to pass through as a result of exposure to drops.
8.2 The test is carried out using the following methods:
method 219-1 - sprinkler test;
Method 219-2 - Droplet test.
8.3 The water temperature at the initial moment of testing should not differ from the temperature of the product by more than 5 °C.
8.4 Method 219-1
8.4.1 The test is carried out under a sprinkler installation.
8.4.2 The product is installed in the operating position and exposed to drops in the form of rain with an intensity of 0.4 mm/min ±5%. The direction of droplet fall with the plane of the product must be at an angle of (45±10)°. Four sides of the product are sprayed alternately, for 5 minutes each.
8.5 Method 219-2
8.5.1 The test is carried out under a container for receiving drops, corresponding to GOST 14254 for the first characteristic digit 2, but with the product tilted at an angle of 45°.
8.5.2 The product is exposed to drops with an intensity of 0.4 mm/min ±5%. The test installation must provide the required drop intensity regardless of its design.
9 Water resistance test (test 220)
9.1 Test 220. The test is carried out for the purpose of:
a) checking the ability of the product to maintain its parameters during and (or) after exposure to water jets hitting the product from any direction;
b) checking the ability of the product to maintain functionality during and (or) after exposure to strong jets of water or rolling waves.
9.2 The test is carried out using the following methods:
method 220-1 - exposure of the product to water in the form of jets from any direction:
- with a water flow rate of 12.5 l/min (method 220-1.1) or
- with a water flow of 75 l/min (method 220-1.2);
method 220-2 - exposure of the product to water in the form of strong jets from any direction with a water flow rate of 100 l/min.
9.3 Testing by method 220-1.1 is carried out using the test methods established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 5.
9.4 The test by method 220-1.2 is carried out in the presence of a special technical justification when testing for compliance with the second characteristic figure 5 in the manner specified for method 220-1.1, but with a water flow rate of 75 l/min ±5%.
9.5 Testing by method 220-2 is carried out using the test methods established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 6.
10 Splash resistance test (Test 221)
10.1 The test is carried out to check the ability of the product to maintain its parameters during and (or) after exposure to splashes hitting the product from any direction.
10.2 The test is carried out using the following methods:
method 221-1 - swing tube test:
method 221-1.1 - use of an oscillating pipe with holes with a diameter of 0.4 mm,
method 221-1.2 - use of an oscillating pipe with holes with a diameter of 0.8 mm (the method is used if there is a special technical justification);
method 221-2 - sprinkler test.
Method 221-2 is used for large-sized products that cannot be tested using method 221-1.
10.3 Method 221-1.1
The test is carried out using the method established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 4 using an oscillating pipe. Test duration 10 min; If there is a special technical justification, it is permissible to use a test duration of 30 or 60 minutes.
10.4 Method 221-1.2
The test is carried out by the method established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 4, but using an oscillating pipe with a hole diameter of 0.8 mm, the main parameters of which are given in Table 2.
table 2
Pipe bending radius, mm | Number of open holes | Total water flow, l/min |
Note - Water consumption per hole 0.6 l/min ±5%. |
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10.5 Method 221-2
The test is carried out using the method established in GOST 14254 for compliance with the second characteristic number 4, using a sprinkler.
Appendix A (for reference). Information about the compliance of this standard with IEC 60068-2-18:2000
Appendix A
(informative)
Table A.1
This standard | IEC 60068-2-18:2000 | Degree of compliance |
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Name of test method | Test method number | Degree of protection* | Name of test method | Symbol of test method | |
Static Hydraulic Pressure Test (Test 216) | Pressurized water chamber | Compliant |
|||
Short-term immersion water test (Test 217): | |||||
Fresh water exposure | Water tank | Compliant |
|||
Salt water accident | |||||
Rain Test (Test 218): | Requirements of this standard |
||||
Testing products using a sprinkler | Artificial rain | ||||
Testing products using an oscillating tube | Oscillating pipe with a hole diameter of 0.4 mm and an arrangement of holes along 2/3 of the semicircle | Rb1.1, type 1 | |||
Drip proof test (test 219): | |||||
Sprinkler test | |||||
Droplet test | Drip container | The requirements of this standard are more stringent than the requirements of the IEC standard for drop angle. |
|||
Water resistance test (test 220): | |||||
Exposure of the product to water in the form of jets from any direction | |||||
with water flow 12.5 l/min | Water jet | Compliant |
|||
with water consumption | Water jet | Compliant |
|||
Exposure of the product to water in the form of strong jets from any direction | Water jet | Compliant |
|||
Splash test (Test 221): | |||||
Rocking tube test | Dynamic effect of water | ||||
Application of oscillating pipe with 0.4mm diameter holes | Oscillating pipe with a hole diameter of 0.4 mm and an arrangement of holes along the entire semicircle | Rb1.1 type 2 | Compliant |
||
Application of oscillating pipe with 0.8mm diameter holes | Oscillating pipe with hole diameter 0.8mm | Rb1.1, type 3 | Compliant |
||
Sprinkler test | Sprinkler | Compliant |
|||
* Degree of protection, the test method for compliance with which according to GOST 14254 corresponds to the test method for exposure to water according to this standard. | |||||
GOST R 51909-2002
RESISTANCE TEST METHODS
TO EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
FACTORS OF MACHINES, DEVICES
AND OTHER TECHNICAL PRODUCTS
TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE TESTS
GOSSTANDARD OF RUSSIA
Moscow
Preface
1 DEVELOPED Technical Committee for Standardization TC 341 “External influences”
INTRODUCEDScientific and technical department of Gosstandart of Russia
2 ADOPTED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated July 4, 2002 No. 262-st
3 This standard corresponds, in terms of testing for the effects of storage conditions (with additions and clarifications in accordance with the needs of the country’s economy), to the international standard IEC 60068-2-48-82 “Basic test methods for the effects of external factors. Part 2. Tests. Guidance on the application of IEC 60068 tests to simulate storage effects"
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Introduction
This standard complements the set of standards “Test methods for resistance to external influences of machines, devices and other technical products” (set of standards GOST 30630), the composition of which is given in Appendix E of GOST 30630.0.0-99.
This standard conforms, for storage testing, to the international standard specified in the preface. At the same time, this standard complements the specified IEC standard, establishing specific methods for testing packaging and packaged technical products (including those with temporary anti-corrosion protection), their classification and composition, linking test methods (modes) with the conditions and periods of storage and transportation of technical products and covering their entirety, which is currently not included in international standards related to external influencing factors.
STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
TESTING METHODS FOR RESISTANCE TO EXTERNAL INFLUENCED FACTORS OF MACHINES, DEVICES AND OTHER TECHNICAL PRODUCTS
Transportation and storage tests
Environment stability test methods for machines, instruments and other industrial products.
Tests for transportation and storage
Date of introduction 1) :
for newly developed products - 2003-07-01;
for products developed before 2003-07-01 - 2004-01-01
1) The procedure for putting this standard into effect is in accordance with the appendix
1 area of use
This standard applies to machines, instruments and other technical products of all types (hereinafter referred to as products) and establishes inspection and test methods to determine whether packaging and temporary anti-corrosion protection (taking into account the design features of the product) ensure the preservation of products when exposed to packaging and packaged products of external influencing factors (hereinafter - VVF) during storage and transportation, in particular for compliance with the requirements of GOST R 51908.
This standard does not establish methods for determining or confirming the shelf life of products.
The requirements of sections and this standard are mandatory as they relate to safety requirements.
Information on the compliance of this standard with IEC 60068-2-48 is in the appendix.
2 Normative references
This standard uses references to the following standards:
Testing of packaging for the effects of upper and lower air temperatures and changes in air temperature values during transportation and storage is carried out according to methods 202-1, 204-1 and 205-2 GOST R 51368.
5.6 Mechanical tests
5.6.1.1 Products weighing up to 200 kg in packaging intended for transportation are tested for impact strength by method 104-1 according to GOST R 51371 with the following clarifications. The packaged products are rigidly mounted on the shock stand platform and subjected to impacts according to the standards specified in the table. Each of the test products is subjected to sequential action of all accelerations indicated in the table for a given group of products by mass. The sequence of tests under impact with different accelerations for each transportation condition is not established. Breaks between tests are allowed, provided the total number of blows is maintained. Instead of the specified method, it is allowed to carry out tests using the method established for products weighing over 200 kg.
5.6.1.2 Tests of products weighing over 200 kg with packaging are carried out by transportation by vehicle on cobblestone or dirt roads at a distance of 50, 250 or 2000 km for transportation conditions L, S or F, respectively (according to GOST R 51908). Transportation on asphalt roads is allowed for a distance of 200, 1000 or 10,000 km, respectively. For OL transportation conditions (according to GOST R 51908), tests are carried out by transportation in vehicles with pneumatic damping along asphalt roads over a distance of 1000 km. Technical specifications, standards, specifications for products or test programs must indicate the speed of movement, the method of fastening the products and the degree of vehicle loading.
It is allowed, instead of the specified method, to carry out tests using the method established for products weighing up to 200 kg, while the products are subjected to vertical loads with acceleration and the number of impacts indicated in the table. The need for exposure to horizontal (longitudinal and transverse) loads is determined in the standards and specifications for the product or test program.
5.6.1.3 For the conditions of transportation of OL, strength tests during direct (non-transshipment) transportation by rail may be carried out by transporting products in packaging according to a method approved in the prescribed manner.
Table 3
|
Test mode |
|||||||
|
Peak shock acceleration |
Duration of impact acceleration, ms |
Number of blows, thousand, for transportation conditions according to GOST R 51908 |
|||||
|
m/s 2 |
|||||||
|
When exposed to vertical loads |
|||||||
|
Up to 50 |
2 - 6 |
0,04 |
|||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
Over 50 to 75 |
2 - 6 |
||||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
St. 75 to 200 |
5 - 20 |
||||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
5 - 20 |
|||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
St. 200 to 1000 |
2 - 20 |
||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
When exposed to horizontal longitudinal loads |
|||||||
|
Up to 200 |
5 - 20 |
||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
When exposed to horizontal lateral loads |
|||||||
|
Up to 200 |
5 - 20 |
||||||
|
2 - 20 |
|||||||
|
Notes 1 Products for which the standards and specifications specify fastening to the vehicle body, exposure to accelerations of 750, 500 and 200 m/s 2 (75, 50 and 20 g) are not subjected. 3 Tests are carried out at one value of the duration of impact acceleration, lying within the limits specified in the table. 4 In this standard, the gravitational acceleration value is rounded to the nearest 10 m/s2. |
|||||||
Testing of a product weighing up to 200 kg with packaging (box) is carried out by dropping the packaging (box) with the product (mock-up) according to the method specified in GOST 18425. Strength standards (fall height), number of falls and position of the tested box with the product (mock-up) when dropped indicated in technical specifications, standards or specifications for products.
5.6.3 Not specified in And tests of packaging (containers) without products are carried out as required by the standards for the corresponding packaging (containers).
5.6.4 Before and after testing, an external inspection of the packaging is carried out. The packaging is considered to have passed the test if it does not have any damage indicated as unacceptable in the RD and (or) TD for the packaging.
The product is considered to have passed the test for the influence of mechanical factors during transportation if, after testing, no mechanical damage is detected during external inspection, and the product parameters meet the requirements established in the standards and specifications for products for testing of this type.
B.1 IEC 60068-2-48 (hereinafter referred to as the IEC standard) contains qualitative descriptions of processes that can occur during long-term storage of products, examples of possible deterioration of the properties of products (mainly electronic products and radio-electronic equipment) when stored in warehouse conditions, during long-term installation or during operational storage (operation in standby mode). The IEC standard also contains qualitative descriptions of possible differences between the processes occurring during actual storage and the processes occurring during testing by methods established in other IEC 60068 series standards.
In the IEC standard, combining the conditions of warehouse storage and installation with the conditions of operational storage when describing the processes of deterioration of product properties is incorrect. In the first two cases, products are fully or partially protected by packaging and (or) temporary anti-corrosion coating, which slows down or modifies the processes of deterioration of product properties. In the case of operational storage, this protection is not available; this case is outside the scope of this standard.
The IEC standard does not contain data on the effect of packaging and temporary anti-corrosion protection on the processes described, or data on assessing the quality of packaging; the latter are contained in this standard.
The IEC standard does not recommend the use of specific test methods in the IEC 60068 series of standards for assessing the shelf life of products or the effectiveness of packaging. Thus, the IEC standard does not provide data on quantitative parameters of test modes, quantitative relationships or restrictions for constructing test modes.
B.2 The IEC standard states that it is impossible to construct a unified methodology for assessing the shelf life of various products and does not mention the possibility of at least creating principles for constructing such a methodology. This statement contradicts recent work in this area, applied in a number of ND (for example, GOST R 51369, GOST R 51372, GOST R 51802), including in this standard (see).
Keywords: storage, transportation,test methods,mechanical external influencing factors, climatic external influencing factors, aggressive and other special environments, technical products
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Applies to paint coatings and materials (coatings) and establishes three methods for testing coatings for resistance to static effects of water, aqueous solutions of salts, acids, alkalis, mineral oils, gasoline, etc. (liquids): A - immersion, in which samples are kept in liquids for a specified time; B - contact, in which a swab moistened with liquid is placed on certain areas of the sample for a specified time; B - drop method, in which drops of liquid are applied to the sample for a specified time. The test method must be specified in the standard or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
5 Safety requirements
Appendix 1 Reagents and liquids used for testing
Appendix 2 (Deleted, Amendment No. 1)
This GOST is located in:
Organizations:
| 30.12.1980 | Approved | 6186 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Published | 2002 | ||
| Published | 1980 |
Unified system of corrosion and aging protection. Paint coatings. Test methods for resistance to liquid statistical effect
Normative references
- GOST 2590-88 Hot-rolled round steel. Assortment. Replaced by GOST 2590-2006.
- GOST 16523-97 Rolled thin sheets of carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Specifications
- GOST 12.1.005-88 System of occupational safety standards. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air in the working area
- GOST 12.3.005-75 System of occupational safety standards. Painting works. General safety requirements
- GOST 12.4.011-89 System of occupational safety standards. Protective equipment for workers. General requirements and classification
- GOST 15140-78 Paint and varnish materials. Methods for determining adhesion
- GOST 4765-73 Paint and varnish materials. Method for determining impact strength
- GOST 7417-75 Calibrated round steel. Assortment
- GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Specifications
- GOST 28498-90 Liquid glass thermometers. General technical requirements. Test methods
- GOST 4233-77 Reagents. Sodium chloride. Specifications
- GOST 8832-76 Paint and varnish materials. Methods for obtaining paint coatings for testing
- GOST 6709-72 Distilled water. Specifications
- GOST 6806-73 Paint and varnish materials. Method for determining film elasticity during bending
- GOST 12.3.008-75 System of occupational safety standards. Production of metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General safety requirements
- GOST 12026-76 Laboratory filter paper. Specifications
- GOST 20799-88 Industrial oils. Specifications
- GOST 24363-80 Reagents. Potassium hydroxide. Specifications
- GOST 25336-82 Laboratory glassware and equipment. Types, main parameters and sizes
- GOST 25706-83 Magnifiers. Types, basic parameters. General technical requirements
- GOST 29227-91 Laboratory glassware. Graduated pipettes. Part 1. General requirements
- GOST 3118-77 Reagents. Hydrochloric acid. Specifications
- GOST 3134-78 White Spirit. Specifications
- GOST 4204-77 Reagents. Sulfuric acid. Specifications
- GOST 4209-77 Reagents. Magnesium chloride 6-water. Specifications
- GOST 4234-77 Reagents. Potassium chloride. Specifications
- GOST 4328-77 Reagents. Sodium hydroxide. Specifications
- GOST 4461-77 Reagents. Nitric acid. Specifications
- GOST 4523-77 Reagents. Magnesium sulfate 7-water. Specifications
- GOST 490-79 Edible lactic acid. Specifications. Replaced by GOST 490-2006.
- GOST 5556-81 Medical hygroscopic cotton wool. Specifications
- GOST 61-75 Reagents. Acetic acid. Specifications
- GOST 896-69 Paint and varnish materials. Photoelectric gloss determination method
- GOST 9.407-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint and varnish coatings. Appearance assessment method
page 1
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INTERSTATE STANDARD
UNIFIED SYSTEM FOR PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION AND AGING
PAINT COATINGS
TEST METHODS FOR STATIC RESISTANCE
EXPOSURE TO LIQUIDS
IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS
Moscow
INTERSTATE STANDARD
|
Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging PAINT COATINGS Test methods for resistance to static impact Unified system of corrosion and aging protection. Paint coatings. |
GOST |
Edition (September 2002) with Change No. 1, approved in October 1986 (IUS 1-87)
By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards of December 30, 1980 No. 6186, the introduction date was set
01.01.82
This standard applies to paint and varnish coatings and materials (hereinafter referred to as coatings) and establishes three methods for testing coatings for resistance to the static effects of water, aqueous solutions of salts, acids, alkalis, mineral oils, gasoline, etc. (hereinafter referred to as liquids):
A - immersion method, in which samples are kept in liquid for a specified time;
B - contact, in which a swab moistened with liquid is placed on certain areas of the sample for a specified time;
B - drop method, in which drops of liquid are applied to the sample for a specified time.
The test method must be specified in the standard or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
The standard contains all the requirements of ST SEV 5260-85 and MS ISO 2812-74.
The standard additionally includes a requirement to conduct a general assessment of coatings made from new paints and varnishes and during research and development work.
1. ESSENCE OF METHODS
1.1. The essence of the methods is to determine the decorative and protective properties of coatings after exposure to liquids for a given time.
2. METHOD A
2.1. Sampling
2.1.1. Test samples are painted plates made of sheet steel grade 08kp in accordance with GOST 16523-97, size 70 × 150 mm and thickness 0.5-1.0 mm or rods made of hot-rolled steel in accordance with GOST 2590-88 or steel round rods in accordance with GOST 7417- 75, length 100 mm, diameter 13-15 mm.
2.1.2. It is allowed to use plates or rods made of other materials and other sizes, in accordance with the requirements of the standards or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
2.1.3. The rods on one side must be rounded to the radius of the rod, and on the other side have a hook made of the same material.
2.2. Equipment and materials
Drying cabinet providing temperature with an error of ± 2 °C.
Laboratory glass beaker according to GOST 25336-82.
Magnifying glass with magnification 4 or 10 x according to GOST 25706-83.
Mercury glass thermometer in accordance with GOST 28498-90 with measurement limits from 0 to 100 °C and scale divisions of 1 °C.
Test liquids (Appendix 1).
Glass rods with pieces of rubber hose attached to the ends.
Cleaners of the AFT-1, SP-6, SP-7 brands.
Gasoline solvent for the paint and varnish industry (white spirit) in accordance with GOST 3134-78.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
2.3. Preparation for testing
2.3.1. Plates or rods for coatings are prepared according to GOST 8832-76.
2.3.2. For testing, three samples are prepared using the same technology, one of which is a control.
2.3.3. Coating samples are prepared in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material being tested; in the absence of coating requirements, they are obtained according to GOST 8832-76.
2.3.4. The paint and varnish material is applied to both sides of the plate. The edges of the plate at a distance of 3-5 mm are additionally protected with the tested paint and varnish material if the coating is naturally dried, or with a corrosion-resistant material resistant to liquids if the coating is heated.
2.3.5. The upper part of the rod with a hook and its rounded end are additionally protected with paint and varnish material or corrosion-resistant material resistant to liquids to a height of no more than 5 mm.
2.3.4, 2.3.5. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
2.3.6.(Deleted, Change No. 1).
2.3.7. Painted plates or rods are dried in a vertical position.
2.3.8. Before testing, the coating is kept for the time specified in the standards or technical specifications for paint and varnish material; if there are no requirements, the natural drying coating is kept at a temperature of (20 ± 2) ° C and relative humidity (65 ± 5)% for 5 days, and hot drying coating - within 24 hours.
2.3.9. Multilayer complex coatings obtained in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for paint and varnish material can be tested.
2.4. Testing
2.4.1. The compositions of liquids for testing are established in the standards or technical conditions for paint and varnish material; in the absence of instructions, liquids are selected in accordance with the requirements for the paint and varnish material being tested according to Appendix 1. For testing, the use of other liquids not listed in Appendix 1 is allowed.
2.4.2. The painted samples are placed vertically in a desiccator with liquid at 2/3 of the height or completely so that the distance between them and the walls of the desiccator is at least 10 mm, and cover with a lid.
The rods are hung by hooks on glass rods, their ends resting on the walls of the desiccator.
(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
2.4.3. To ensure a vertical position, the plate is placed between two glass rods, their ends resting on the walls of the desiccator.
Glass rods are placed above the liquid at the top of the desiccator.
2.4.4. Only samples with the same coating are tested in each desiccator.
For tests at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C, glass beakers may be used.
The liquid level is kept constant during testing.
When testing in an organic environment such as gasoline, after loading the samples, the glass is tightly covered with plastic film to avoid volatilization.
2.4.5. When testing in water, solutions of salts, acids and alkalis, each of two parallel samples is placed in a separate glass; when testing in organic liquids such as mineral oil or gasoline, two parallel samples are placed in a glass with a distance between them of at least 10 mm.
2.4.6. The temperature of the liquid, the duration of the test, and exposure of the samples to air before inspection are established in the standards or technical conditions for the paint and varnish material being tested.
If the test conditions are not established in standards or technical specifications, then tests for the effects of mineral oil, gasoline, water and salt solutions are carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C for 24 hours. When testing for the effects of acids and alkalis, the desiccator is placed in drying cabinet heated to a temperature of (60 ± 2) °C, after 8 hours the desiccator is removed from the oven and kept at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C for 16 hours.
(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
2.4.7. After testing, the samples are removed from the liquid and prepared for inspection.
After testing in mineral oil, the samples are wiped with cotton wool slightly moistened with white spirit (until all traces of oil are completely removed).
After testing in solutions of salts, acids and alkalis, the samples are washed with running water and dried with filter paper.
After testing in water, the samples are dried with filter paper without rinsing.
2.4.8. Determine the decorative and protective properties of coatings.
2.4.9. Changes in the decorative and protective properties of coatings are determined by comparison with a control sample with the naked eye or using a magnifying glass.
The gloss of coatings is determined visually or using a gloss meter according to GOST 896-69.
2.4.8, 2.4.9. (Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
2.4.10. Changes that occur to the samples (change in gloss, change in shade, whitening of the film, the appearance of bubbles, peeling, wrinkling of the film, corrosion, the time after which the shine or shade is restored again, etc.) are recorded.
Changes in the properties of the coating located at a distance of less than 10 mm from the edge of the sample are not taken into account.
2.4.11. The physical and mechanical properties of the coating and the condition of the metal under the coating are determined if this is provided for by the standards or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
The condition of the metal under the coating is determined visually after the end of the tests; to do this, carefully remove the coating from the plate using a remover and a lancet and determine the presence of corrosion.
2.5. Processing test results
2.5.1. A paint and varnish coating is considered resistant to the static effects of liquids if the coating, after testing, meets the requirements established in the standard or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
If one of the tested samples does not meet the specified requirements, the tests are repeated on twice the number of samples. The result of the re-test is considered positive if out of four samples only one does not meet the requirements of the standard or technical specifications for the paint and varnish material.
2.5.2. Generalized assessment of coatings made from new paints and varnishes during research and development - according to GOST 9.407-84.
2.4.11, 2.5 - 2.5.2. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
3. METHOD B
3.1. Sampling
3.1.1. Test samples are painted plates made of sheet steel grade 08kp according to GOST 16523-97, 70 × 150 mm in size and 0.5-1.0 mm thick.
3.1.2. It is allowed to use plates made of other materials and other sizes, in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for paint and varnish material.
3.2. Equipment and materials
Equipment and materials - according to clause 2.2, except for a desiccator, glass beaker, plastic film and glass rods.
Glass cap (watch glass, glass bowl or glass according to GOST 25336-82).
Scales with weighing limits from 0 to 200 g and an error of no more than 0.01 g.
A tampon weighing 0.20-0.25 g and a diameter of 21-23 mm made of cotton wool in accordance with GOST 5556-81 or other adsorbent material that is not destroyed under the influence of the test liquid.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
3.3. Preparation for testing
3.3.1. Plates for coating are prepared according to GOST 8832-76.
3.3.2. For testing, two samples are prepared using the same technology.
3.3.3. Coating samples are prepared according to clause 2.3.3.
3.3.4. The paint and varnish material is applied to one side of the plate.
3.3.5. The painted plates are dried according to clause 2.3.7 and kept according to clause 2.3.8.
3.3.6. Multilayer coatings obtained in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for paint and varnish material can be tested.
3.4. Testing
3.4.1. The compositions of liquids for testing are selected according to clause 2.4.1.
3.4.2. Two tampons moistened with liquid are placed on a horizontally located plate at a distance of at least 20 mm from the edge and from each other; each tampon is covered with a glass cap so that the walls do not come into contact with the tampon. The position of the swab and glass cap on the plate is fixed.
When testing with volatile liquids, swabs may be replaced.
(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.4.3. The test temperature, test duration, and exposure time of samples in air before inspection are established in the standards under the technical conditions for paint and varnish material; in the absence of instructions, tests are carried out for 7 days at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C.
3.4.4. After testing, the swabs are removed from the plate. The plates are prepared for inspection according to clause 2.4.7.
3.4.5. Changes in the decorative and protective properties of the coating are determined visually with the naked eye or using a magnifying glass.
During inspection, compare the area of the coating on which the tampon was placed with the area of the coating that was not exposed to liquid.
(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.4.6. The physical and mechanical properties and condition of the metal under the coating are determined according to clause 2.4.11.
3.4.7. Processing of test results - according to clause 2.5.1.
(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
4. METHOD B
4.1. Sampling is carried out according to clause 3.1.
4.2. Equipment and materials
Equipment and materials - according to clause 2.2, except for a desiccator, drying cabinet, glass beaker, plastic film, glass rods. Glass cap according to clause 3.2.
5.2. When working with concentrated acids and alkalis, the requirements of GOST 12.3.008-75 must be observed.
5.4. Persons associated with the manufacture and testing of samples must be provided with special clothing and personal protective equipment in accordance with GOST 12.4.011-89.
GOST 24363-80.
Gasoline according to NTD.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
APPENDIX 2.(Deleted, Amendment No. 1).
