Reproduction of indoor orchids: how to get a new flower at home. How do orchids propagate at home? Reproduction of orchids at home for beginners

Orchid breeding is associated with the complexity of reproduction. Its varieties, such as phalaenopsis or dendrobium, can be propagated by separating the children on the peduncle, cuttings, dividing the bush, germinating and planting seeds.

You can propagate an orchid by picking up only a healthy plant without fungal diseases. Growing at home is carried out in conditions with maximum lighting, so that the daylight hours are at least 14 hours. It is not recommended to use a newly acquired flower as a material. It is necessary that he adapt at home and go to growth.

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Dropping off the kids

Such reproduction by children is carried out in the spring. After flowering, after 1.5-2 months, their separation from the mother plant begins.

Bud formation occurs in the axils of orchid leaves at the age of 2 years.

The order of work is as follows:

1. The children are separated from the plant and dried. Sections are being processed.
2. Finely chopped mixture consisting of fern rhizome and pine bark is added to the cups. Drainage holes are made at the bottom of the container.
3. The substrate is moistened, and the plants are placed in a greenhouse or mini-greenhouse. Provides a temperature of 25 degrees and good lighting.
4. As the soil dries out, watering is carried out with "Kornevin" or "Zircon". The room is ventilated daily for 7 minutes.
5. The yellowed 2 bottom sheets are not cut off, they are needed to nourish the root system.
6. Plants with root shoots up to 5 cm are planted in open ground.

Propagation of orchids by planting children

cuttings

The method of propagation by cuttings is applied to orchids that have faded 2-3 months ago.

The following actions are carried out step by step:

1. Cut the peduncle at the very base. The cut point is being processed.
2. With a scalpel, the stalk is cut into pieces of 7 cm. Each of them contains a dormant kidney. Its location should be as close to the base as possible.
3. The shoots are placed in containers that are filled with sphagnum moss. The substrate is sprayed with a biostimulator.
4. From above, the seedlings are covered with a film. Maintained temperature - 28 degrees, humidity level - 70%. As the substrate dries, it is sprayed with growth stimulants.
5. Transplantation is carried out after the roots reach a length of 5 cm and the appearance of 2 leaves. The dried part of the peduncle is not removed at first.
6. At the last stage, you need to plant the culture in the black soil for adult orchids.

Cuttings can occur in ordinary water. In this case, the container should be covered with a bag to ensure the necessary temperature conditions.

Reproduction of orchids by cuttings

The division of the bush

Dividing a bush is considered a risky way, because rot is possible. The selected flower should be healthy and large. The age is at least 5 years, and the number of leaves is more than 8 pieces.

Operating procedure:

1. Using a sharp knife, you need to divide the plant into 2 parts, separating the top from it. They should have aerial roots and leaves. Sections are being processed.
2. The separated top is planted in a soil consisting of moss and pine bark. The soil is not watered, but sprayed as it dries. After the appearance of 2 leaves, the flower is transplanted into the main soil.
3. In the lower part of the plant, new buds will appear at the cut site. A side shoot will grow from each. After 3 years, an adult plant is formed.

Propagation of an orchid by dividing a bush

Reproduction by seeds

The difficulty of propagation by seeds lies in the fact that they are small and visible only under a microscope. They are difficult to collect. In addition, the seeds lack endosperm. The lack of tissue surrounding the embryo makes the seeds very vulnerable in the soil. They do not contain nutrients such as starch, vegetable oils, amino acids.

Germination of seeds is possible only in a special substrate, subject to sterility. The formation of green balls will occur after 6 months, and the orchid will bloom after 5 years.

Stages of seed germination:

1. The basis of the nutrient substrate is a mixture of agar-agar, consisting of polysaccharides and ocean algae, which will require 10-15 grams.
2. Agar-agar is poured with 200 ml of distilled water until it swells. Jelly and 10 grams of glucose with fructose are added. Stir until completely dissolved. To ensure the necessary acidity, a solution of calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid is poured.
3. Flasks or tubes with stoppers are prepared. The glass container is sterilized.
4. 40 ml of solution is poured into each and they are placed in a water bath.
5. Waiting time 5 days. The jelly will harden and mold should not appear on it.
6. 1% bleach is added to the seeds for a quarter of an hour.
7. A mesh is placed in a pan with boiling water and a flask is inserted into each cell.
8. Using a syringe, the seeds are removed from the solution and placed in test tubes. All glass containers are then kept in a greenhouse or greenhouse.
9. After 6 months, the contents of the flask are poured into a bowl of warm water. A few drops of "Fundazol" are added. Aged for 15 minutes.
10. With a brush, the seeds are removed and placed in a substrate of moss and pine bark.
11. After 6 months, you can plant the seeds in the ground.

Orchid Phalaenopsis - one of the most unpretentious to keep. There are several ways to propagate Phalaenopsis at home. This article will show you how to get multiple instances from a single flower!

Orchid Phalaenopsis - description

Phalaenopsis is a genus of epiphytic orchid that has about forty species. In nature, these orchids grow mainly in Southeast Asia near water.

This genus of orchids was first discovered by the Dutch botanist Blume. In the darkness he saw large butterflies sitting on some kind of plant. Imagine the surprise of the botanist when, coming closer, he discovered that these were not butterflies, but flowers!

Blume named this flower "Phalaenopsis", which means "butterfly-like" in Greek. It happened in 1825. Since then, Phalaenopsis began its march to the houses of flower growers as an exquisite and expensive flower.

The color scheme of Phalaenopsis is diverse. Flowers come in a variety of colors and shades, plain and multi-colored.

Orchid Phalaenopsis - gallery

white phalaenopsis
Burgundy Phalaenopsis
blue phalaenopsis
yellow phalaenopsis
peach phalaenopsis
variegated phalaenopsis
Multicolored Phalaenopsis
Pink Phalaenopsis
Black Phalaenopsis

Requirements for the maintenance and care of orchids - table

Temperature	Humidity	rest time	Bloom	Lighting
In summer from +20 to +30 o C In winter from +16 to +28 o C Critical lower threshold +13 o C; critical upper threshold + 33 ° C	A minimum of 50% humidity is required. During the heat 1-2 times a week you can arrange a warm shower and spraying. At low temperatures, do not spray or wet the leaves!	Short rest between blooms.	It blooms most often in winter and spring, but can be almost year-round with breaks for rest. For flowering at night you need a temperature of +18, during the day + 26 + 28	Scattered light. It can tolerate a lack of light, but additional lighting is needed for flowering in winter. Daylight hours: 12 hours in winter and 14 hours in summer.

Caring for Phalaenopsis is quite simple and even inexperienced flower growers can do it. Therefore, this orchid is one of the most popular for growing at home.

How to propagate Phalaenopsis

Of course, I would like to have such beauty in more than one copy. If you only have one orchid, you can get several from it!

It is also necessary to propagate an orchid in the case when the bush has already grown old. With proper care and a quality substrate, Phalaenopsis can live for a very long time. When aging, they just need to be updated by cutting off the top and planting it in a new substrate.

Phalaenopsis can only be propagated from an adult plant.. It must have at least five healthy leaves, a developed root system and an age of three years.

Breeding methods:

children;
sockets;
seeds.

The simplest of them are reproduction by children and division of the outlet.

The method of reproduction sometimes indicated by the “peduncle” is nothing more than reproduction by children.

Mandatory conditions for various methods of reproduction:

instruments must be sterilized;
all sections must be treated with an antiseptic (activated carbon, turmeric or brilliant green);
water should be boiled, warm.

With any method of reproduction, the orchid must be provided with good care, and before flowering and after it, feed with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer.

It is best to use ready-made fertilizers for orchids, then you will not be mistaken in the dosage.

How to feed a plant - video

Reproduction by children at home

Babies sometimes appear on the Phalaenopsis peduncle. They can grow instead of flowers or at the same time as them.

The easiest way to distinguish a baby and a peduncle in the initial stage of development is as follows: the tip of the peduncle is rounded, and the tip of the baby is sharp. When they grow up a little, you will see the difference in the leaves that develop in children and in the shape of the growing flower bud.

To propagate Phalaenopsis with the help of children, you just need to wait until the roots grow in the child and plant it in a separate pot.

First, consider how you can get kids on an orchid.

Obtaining with cytokinin paste

Most often, children appear either on old or problematic bushes. The flower reacts to this with the appearance of children: “It's time to breed!”. When an orchid does not want to raise children in any way, you need to use phytohormones - cytokinin paste.

Necessary conditions for using the paste:

when using cytokinin paste for reproduction, it is necessary to keep the treated flower at an elevated temperature: + 30 + 32 ° C;
at night, it is advisable not to allow a temperature difference of more than 2 degrees;
before the formation of children, it is necessary to spray the orchid with nitrogen fertilizer once a week;
too much paste can not be applied, enough on the tip of a cotton swab;
for processing, choose the upper and lower dormant buds.

Nitrogen is best fed to the orchid in the form of ammonia (ammonia). Half a teaspoon per liter of water. This solution should be sprayed on leaves and flower stalks.

There is Uniflor-growth fertilizer on sale, which can also be used for nitrogen fertilizing. Reduce the dose by half.

When can you use cytokinin paste:

when the plant is healthy;
during the rest of the orchid, and not during flowering;
if the orchid is three years old and has at least five leaves on its stem.

Do not use the paste on more than three buds of the same plant, on too young (less than 3 years old) or weakened orchids.

The appearance of children usually occurs in a period of up to two weeks.

Make sure that the paste does not get on your skin, because it is a hormonal drug!

Step by step instructions for use

Open the processed sleeping buds on the peduncle by tearing off the scales with tweezers or a toothpick.
Apply the paste on the tip of a cotton swab and gently spread it over the kidney.
Place the orchid in diffused light in a warm place.
Spray the treatment areas, preventing the paste from drying out.

How Phalaenopsis reproduces with cytokinin paste - video

How to raise babies on a cut peduncle

If for some reason you cut off the flower stalks, then you can grow children on them. It is necessary to cut flower stalks, for example, if the plant is weakened and needs treatment.

Place the peduncle in water that has been laced with activated charcoal and slightly tinted with methylene blue (available from the aquarists section).
Do not pour a lot of water, a little above the cut of the peduncle.
Change water 2 times a week.

Phalaenopsis baby on a cut peduncle - video

Caring for orchids on a peduncle

After the formation of children, it is necessary to spray them with nitrogen fertilizer once a week.

As they grow, wrap them near the flower spike with some clean moss to encourage root formation. Fasten the moss loosely with a thread.

Don't let the moss dry out too much.

Landing in the substrate

When you got a Phalaenopsis baby with roots, you need to separate it from the mother bush and plant it in the substrate.

First, prepare a pot for each baby and a substrate of pine bark and coal. A lot of coal is not needed, about a third of the total volume of the bark.

Large pieces of bark can be crushed with scissors or secateurs. Do not forget to treat all tools with an antiseptic! It is not necessary to add dust from the bark to the substrate.

Pots are better to take plastic or use plastic shallow cups. The main thing is that they let in light! Make holes in the bottom of the pot.

For a transplant you will need:

fine pine bark (7–10 mm);
small pieces of birch charcoal;
sphagnum moss;
potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate);
pots according to the number of children;
fine expanded clay or perlite for drainage;
disinfected knife;
warm boiled water in a spray bottle.

When choosing moss, make sure that it does not contain leaves and other rotting debris, it should not smell musty or mushrooms. High-quality moss does not break up into small debris, but has long, non-blackened parts.

If the roots of the baby are twisted around the peduncle, then cut off the baby along with part of the peduncle so as not to break the small roots.

A piece of the peduncle can be pulled out of the roots. Just gently twist a piece of the peduncle around its axis to separate it from the baby.

If you feel that the peduncle is difficult to separate and you can damage the baby, then leave it after treating it with an antiseptic.

Phalaenopsis baby step by step landing

Boil the pine bark, cool and dry for three hours.
Soak the moss in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 15 minutes, rinse in boiled warm water and dry.
At the bottom of the pot, pour fine expanded clay or perlite;
Rock the baby from side to side to separate it from the peduncle.
Set the baby in the middle of the pot, cover with bark and coal, and put moss on top.
Spray the moss from a spray bottle with warm boiled water.
Put the pot in a warm, bright place.
For the first three days, do not water the transplanted children, then monitor the condition of the substrate.

Features of care for the growth and growth of the root system

Make sure that direct sunlight does not fall on the children and do not allow the substrate to dry out! The swamp, of course, also does not need to be done.
Twice a month you need to feed the kids with nitrogen fertilizer. Use fertilizer for orchids, reducing the dosage by two to three times.
It is convenient to grow pots with children in a backlit aquarium. Humidity is retained there longer, the temperature is more stable and sufficient light is provided. Expanded clay is poured at the bottom of the aquarium and wetted. Pots with children are placed on top.
When the kids grow up and build up a good root system, they will need to be transplanted into a larger pot.

Do not add anything extra to the substrate, especially peat!

How to stimulate the formation of roots in Phalaenopsis babies - video

Reproduction by dividing the outlet

The division of the outlet is made when the orchid has grown up, and it is possible to divide it into the lower and upper parts.

It is necessary to divide so that on the upper part there is a sufficient number of roots and the main number of leaves. From the bottom, you can leave only the stump of the outlet and the roots. New orchid bushes will begin to grow from the hemp.

Prepare a new substrate for the bottom and a pot and substrate for the top of the orchid.

Substrate: pine bark, pieces of charcoal.
At the bottom of the pot, you can put drainage from expanded clay or large perlite, and on top of the substrate - pure sphagnum.

Step-by-step process instruction

Remove the orchid bush from the pot.
Release the roots from the old substrate.
Determine the location of the cut.
Cut off the top, being careful not to damage the roots.
Cut off all diseased and dry roots, if necessary, soak for half an hour in a solution for treatment.
Treat all sections with an antiseptic after a little drying.
Plant both parts of the outlet in the substrate.

You need to water in the usual way, when the roots turn from green to silver-gray.

Additional Tips:

flower stalks at the top can be left if they are not dried;
preparations for soaking the roots: Fitosporin, Fitolavin, Epin (you can use them together or separately);
when planting, try to fill the voids with the substrate, using a stick and shaking the pot for this.

There are times when a baby grows next to the main bush and two sockets are obtained. In this case, the course of action is the same, only you need to separate the bushes in the middle between the outlets.

How to divide a Phalaenopsis bush - video

Feedback on the propagation of the Phalaenopsis orchid by dividing the outlet

I just chipped a top with aerial roots, anointed the stump with greenery and planted it on a piece of foam surrounded by bark.
I didn’t cut the leaves and didn’t shake the stump out of the pot. The crown did not notice the sabotage, did not even miss the flowering. And the baby [from the stump] was a gift.

http://cvetivsamare.hobbyfm.ru/viewtopic.php?t=960

Reproduction by seeds

The most difficult and lengthy method of reproduction of Phalaenopsis is seed. Orchids grown from seeds will bloom only after four years.

The first difficulty in seed propagation is to ensure maximum sterility when sowing seeds. Orchid seeds are very small, they germinate within three weeks.

The second difficulty is the breeding ground for orchids. You can buy it ready-made through an order on the Internet, or make it yourself.

Sowing seeds is carried out in small sterilized jars, closed with a lid. A nutrient medium is poured inside the jars and sterilized in water or in the oven.

Step-by-step instructions for pollinating orchid flowers

Pollination is necessary for fruiting on a flower. You can do this with a toothpick. Choose the top flowers for pollination.

Pollination can be cross-pollinated (from one orchid to another) or directly on one orchid. Wait until all but a few of the flowers are shed and start pollinating. Two flowers are needed for one pollination.

There is nothing complicated in this process. At the ends of the anthers there is a sticky layer - sticky, due to which they stick well to the toothpick and to the anthers of the pollinated flower.

We remove the anther from the flower column.
We release the anther from the scales.
We stick the anther to the anther of another flower.

How to pollinate orchid flowers - video

Seed pod maturation

Seed boxes ripen from 3 to 8 months. Closer to the three-month period, put a bag of breathable fabric on the box so that the seeds do not scatter when cracked. The bag must be boiled before use.

You can determine that the box will open soon by the first crack on it. But since it is difficult to accurately determine this point, it is better to still use a bag.

By removing the box ahead of time, there is a risk of losing the seed material, because the seeds may not ripen.

How to determine the maturation of the Phalaenopsis seed box - video

Recipe for a nutrient medium for sowing orchid seeds

The medium is designed for 4-5 jars. Banks can be used 200, 300 and 450 grams.

Distilled water - 400 ml.
Fertilizer for orchids - 0.5 ml or 6 gr.
Sugar - 4 gr.
Honey - 4 gr.
Agar-agar - 10 gr.
Activated charcoal - one tablet.
Green banana puree - 25 gr.

Distilled water, charcoal and agar can be bought at the pharmacy.

Agar can be replaced with potato or corn starch (80 grams). Do not replace agar with gelatin! The gelatin will melt and the seeds will sink.

Culture medium preparation

All ingredients must be ground and dissolved until smooth.

To sterilize jars with a nutrient medium, place them on the bottom of the pan, pour water over the shoulders of the jar and hold for 30 minutes from the moment of boiling. Repeat sterilization again the next day.

Activated charcoal knead with a spoon in a spoon.
Mash the banana, or (even better) grind it with a blender.
Pour distilled water into a container (not aluminum!).
We put water on a boil and add sugar to it to dissolve.
After boiling, add honey, fertilizer, activated carbon, banana and agar.
Stir everything until thickened, and remove from the stove.
We sterilize the jars and pour the nutrient medium into them.

The sterilized medium can be stored in the refrigerator for several weeks.

Preparation of a nutrient medium for orchids - video

Sowing seeds on the substrate

For sterile seeding, it is convenient to use a burner. If you have a gas stove, then it is better to do it on the stove. Wipe your hands with an antiseptic, or put on sterile gloves.

At all stages of sowing, everything should be as sterile as possible!

Wipe and sterilize the hob surface. Place jars on it and light the burner.

We take out the seeds from the seed box with a sterile instrument little by little.
Open the jar and, holding the neck over the fire, pour some seeds inside.
Again, hold the neck of the jar over the fire, close the lid and set aside. We do this with each jar.

In the homeland of orchids, they do this: they dip a seed (not dry!) Box in ethyl alcohol and set it on fire.

How orchid seeds are sown in their homeland with the help of fire - video

If you do not have a stationary burner or gas stove, then you can make holes in the lids and seal them with tape. Don't forget about sterility!

When sowing in this way, it is necessary to soak the seeds in a solution of 3% hydrogen peroxide and, having drawn them into a syringe, gradually pour them into jars through the holes in the jars.

Each jar must be opened immediately before sowing and sealed with new tape.

Sowing orchid seeds on a sterile substrate without fire - video

seed germination

Watch the seeds germinate. If you notice mold in a jar, the medium with seeds will have to be removed from it.

Seedlings appear within one to two months.

Do not worry that not all seedlings will survive, this is normal. When the seedlings grow up, and you notice that the tips of the leaves gradually began to turn yellow, they need to be transplanted onto moss.

Instructions for transplanting seedlings on moss

Prepare for transplant:

clean, disinfected with potassium permanganate moss;
a greenhouse treated with baking soda (for example, a plastic box with a lid);
weak solution of potassium permanganate;
fertilizer for orchids, diluted in warm boiled water (three times less than the indicated dosage);
spray.

As a fertilizer, use one where nitrogen is present to a greater extent (indicated in the composition).

Put the moss in a greenhouse.
Take the seedlings out of the jar.
Rinse the seedlings from the substrate in a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate.
Spray the moss with a spray bottle with a fertilizer solution.
Set the seedlings on the moss so that they develop separately from each other.

Seedlings need heat and light for good development. At first, open the lid only to moisten the moss.

When you notice the growth of roots, gradually accustom the seedlings to airing. Start with one minute a day. Next, add about a minute every other day until the cover is completely removed.

After a few months, it will be possible to transplant seedlings in the same way as ordinary children, on a substrate from the bark.

Transplanting Phalaenopsis babies from seeds to sphagnum moss - video

Phalaenopsis orchid breeding problems - table

Problem	Cause	Solution
Leaves are turning yellow	Lack of nutrition	Feed the plants with fertilizer through spraying.
For a long time, children do not appear on the peduncle.	The orchid is too comfortable and is not going to breed.	You can give Phalaenopsis a little stress. Reduce watering, do not feed, increase the temperature to 30-32 degrees. At the same time, make sure that the roots do not dry out! Or apply the forced method with cytokinin paste.
The peduncle turned yellow or withered, and the baby has not yet given roots.	Lack of nutrition of the mother plant. Perhaps the orchid is weakened or young.	Remove the baby, you can cut it with part of the peduncle. Plant the baby on the moss, and cut off the peduncle. Feed the baby through spraying, the dose of fertilizer is three times less.
The mother plant needs treatment, and babies have begun to appear on the flower stalks.	Weakened plant, improper care or poor quality substrate.	Cut off the flower stalks and place them in water with activated charcoal powder. Change the water every three days (can be tinted with methylene blue). Spray the babies with top dressing once a week. Treat the mother bush and replace the substrate. When the peduncle wilts, plant the children on the moss.
The top of the orchid is cut off with a small amount of roots that have withered.	The cut was made too high or the plant has not yet grown to this method of reproduction.	Plant the top on the moss, spray with fertilizers with a high nitrogen content (half the dosage). Fertilize once a week until roots appear. Then once a month.
Seeds do not germinate on the substrate	Perhaps there is not enough heat and light.	Put the jar of substrate in a greenhouse with backlight.

Tips for successful reproduction and growth of Phalaenopsis.

Since the orchid belongs to tropical cultures and is considered exotic for our country, many believe that the reproduction of this flower is available only to specialists with certain skills. In fact, this opinion is erroneous and even a beginner can propagate the plant. Naturally, before that, it is necessary to study certain features of the culture and methods of its reproduction in order to choose the method that is most suitable for you.

This article will describe in detail the main ways of propagating orchids at home, and photos and videos will help you learn the necessary skills to carry out this undertaking.

Is it possible to propagate an orchid

It is really possible to propagate an orchid at home, especially since the features of this culture suggest several ways to get a new plant at once. So, you can simply divide an adult bush into several young plants, or use children or cuttings for this purpose.

In addition, a crop can be grown from seeds, but this method is much more complicated and is only suitable for those who want to master all the stages of growing a crop.

When is the best time to propagate an orchid?

It is best to start the breeding procedure one to two months after flowering is completed. The same time is also suitable for transplanting a flower, since at this time the culture enters a period of vegetative dormancy and you can safely divide the bush or cut the required number of cuttings.

Unlike transplantation, which, if necessary, can also be carried out with a flowering crop (for example, if pests have settled on the plant), it is better to postpone reproduction until spring so that the adult plant does not experience stress from the procedure.

How to propagate an orchid at home

Propagating an orchid at home is not only possible, but even necessary, because over time, an adult flower will grow so much that it will have to be transplanted into a larger pot. In the process, you will definitely have cuttings or parts of the bush that can be transplanted into separate containers.

There are several ways to get a young culture. Each of them has its own characteristics, so let's look at the details of each method in more detail.

Vegetative reproduction

This method is considered the simplest, and is used for almost all indoor plants, including orchids.

Note: For vegetative propagation, false bulbs are used, however, it should be borne in mind that only large specimens should be collected from healthy adult plants.

A pot with a plant that is used as a source of planting material needs to be watered. So it will be easier for you to remove the flower from the ground. Carefully remove the plant from the container so as not to accidentally damage its roots. Next, we clean the root system from the remnants of the soil and cut it into pieces (Figure 1).

Each of them should have at least three false bulbs. All cuts must be treated with crushed coal (preferably charcoal) and the resulting seedlings should be planted in separate pots. It is not recommended to use seedlings with a smaller number of pseudobulbs, since in this case there will be a risk of too long rooting of seedlings.

Figure 1. Method for dividing a bush

This method is great for those who are going to transplant an orchid or for flowers whose pseudobulbs have begun to crawl out of the substrate.

cuttings

The cutting method is more complex and is only suitable for certain varieties (Vanda, Epidendrum).

To get a new plant, you need to cut the cuttings, 10-15 cm long, using side shoots, faded flower branches or elongated stems for this (Figure 2). Sections are made with a disinfected knife, and the edges of the cuttings must be treated with crushed coal, not only on the cuttings, but also on the mother plant.

Figure 2. Growing a plant from cuttings

The cuttings are immersed in a pot with a nutrient substrate and are further looked after in the same way as an adult plant.

peduncle

The varieties described above can also be propagated by wilted flower stalks. But you should wait until the buds are completely withered so that the breeding of a new plant does not become stressful for the mother culture (Figure 3).

Reproduction by peduncles is carried out as follows:

A cut is made at the base of the shoot and divided into several cuttings so that each growth has one node with a kidney.
All prepared sprouts are treated with a fungicide and laid out on the surface of wet moss, immersing the kidney in it.
Cover the pots with cuttings with a film and leave them under cover until a rosette is formed.

Figure 3. Growing an orchid from a peduncle

During the exposure of the cuttings under the film, they must be regularly sprayed, avoiding waterlogging, in order to prevent root rot. If you do not have moss, you can root the cuttings simply in water, but in any case, the container should be covered with a film so that a stable temperature and humidity regime is maintained under the shelter.

babes

Some varieties throw out side shoots (kids). These are already full-fledged small plants that can be used for seating in separate containers (Figure 4).

Note: This method of reproduction is only suitable for Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium varieties, on the stems of which babies are formed.

Young shoots are formed only if the room temperature is high and the soil contains enough nitrogen fertilizers. If you notice such an escape on your orchid, just spray the flower and wait until roots appear on the baby. After that, it can be separated, cut with charcoal and planted in a separate pot with a nutrient substrate.

seeds

This method of reproduction takes a lot of time and is rare at home. The unpopularity of the method is also explained by the fact that it is difficult to achieve seed germination at home. The fact is that they do not have their own nutrient tissue, and they receive useful substances from the root sponge, so the necessary nutrient medium must be created independently.

Figure 4. Reproduction of a flower by "kids"

Germination of seeds will take about 9 months, and small sprouts will turn into full-fledged plants only after three years, and the first flowering will come at least another 4 years, although sometimes this process takes about 10 years.

If you do decide to germinate the seeds yourself, you should fill the pots with crushed moss mixed with leafy soil and thoroughly moisten the mixture. Then the seeds are laid out on the surface and sterile conditions are set for them, while maintaining high humidity and temperature at the level of + 22 + 25 degrees. When the sprouts are released on the first leaf, they dive, and when 4 full-fledged leaves grow, they are transplanted into pots.

Nutrient medium for sowing seeds

In order for the seeds to germinate, they need a special nutrient substrate. By consistency, it is a jelly-like mass with a high content of vitamins and sugars.

Figure 5. Substrate for an adult plant

The basis of the nutrient substrate is agar-agar (a special powder from red and brown algae). It is dissolved in boiling water (heated distilled water). Cooling down, agar-agra becomes like jelly. It is worth noting that seeds can only be planted in such a mass, since in a solid they will not be able to grow a root system, but in a liquid they will simply drown. If you plan to germinate seeds, it is better to buy a nutrient medium in special stores, and not prepare it yourself, since it is difficult to create the necessary sterile conditions at home. Mature plants require a different substrate, an example of which you can see in Figure 5.

Further care

If you have successfully propagated an orchid and obtained enough planting material, it is important to provide the seedlings with optimal care. Fortunately, young plants require the same care as older plants, with the exception of top dressing. It does not make sense to fertilize additionally before the first flowering, since all the necessary nutrients are contained in the substrate.

Proper watering

Irrigation plays a key role in the care of seedlings. It is important not to overmoisten the soil, as this can cause root rot. Immediately after planting the sprouts in the ground, the seedlings are carefully sprayed, and further watering will be required no earlier than a few days later, when the substrate becomes dry and the pot is light. Watering containers with seedlings is carried out in the same way as with adult plants, that is, by immersing the pots in water.

The video shows the main stages of simple propagation of orchids by cuttings.

Or cuttings) and seeds. Note that An orchid is not propagated by a leaf, because its leaves do not have growth points. Propagation by seeds is the most difficult option; only experienced flower growers resort to it. It is much faster and easier to grow an exotic beauty from a cutting. This method is recommended for monopodial orchids (Phalaenopsis, Vanilla, Vanda).

Cuttings are a method in which a plant can be propagated by rooting part of a shoot, stem, or even a leaf. As an orchid cutting, use the top of a plant or a peduncle, cut into pieces. The apical stalk of the orchid is cut along with aerial roots. Damaged areas are treated with activated charcoal or fungicide. Such a cutting is immediately planted in pots with a special substrate and placed in a greenhouse. A mother plant is placed next to it. In a warm and humid microclimate, the top will quickly take root, and new shoots will appear on the remaining stump.

Will require more attention. How an orchid reproduces in this way - we will analyze in detail.

Important. For cuttings, a flower from the age of three years is suitable, with a healthy root system and leaves.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

The main advantage of cuttings is the new plant inherits all the qualities of the mother orchid. This is important for rare and valuable varieties. Material for cuttings is always available, and the development of children requires the creation of special conditions - a contrasting temperature and humidity regime.

The disadvantages of the method include the possible death of the cuttings. Not all of them sprout roots, some just rot. Another disadvantage is the long waiting period for the rooting of the process. For a month or longer, he will be kept in a greenhouse and need care.

The beginning of spring is the best time for breeding orchids. During the winter, they gained strength and prepared for the period of active vegetation. For cuttings, a peduncle is taken that has completed flowering. There are several dormant buds on a long stem. The plant must be healthy, you can not use material from an orchid that has undergone stress.

It is necessary to prepare for propagation by cuttings. For work you will need:

scalpel or sharp knife;
antiseptic;
Activated carbon;
a plastic container with a lid, a bag or a plastic bottle for a greenhouse.

How to propagate - step by step instructions

At home, propagation by cuttings should be carried out as follows:

Disinfect a sharp knife (scalpel) with alcohol or an antiseptic.
Cut off the peduncle as close to the base as possible.
Depending on the length of the stem, it is divided into parts of 10-15 cm. Each cutting should have 2-3 buds. When cutting, keep in mind that the kidney should be located as low as possible.
Treat all sections of the cuttings and the mother plant with activated charcoal powder or brilliant green. This will protect the plant from infection through the damaged area.
Sphagnum moss is placed at the bottom of the container and moistened. The cuttings are laid out horizontally on the surface of the moss. Make sure that the axillary kidney is pointing up. It is not necessary to deepen or cover them. To activate root formation, it is recommended to spray the substrate with a solution of the biostimulator for orchids "Augustina". Application rate - 1 tablet per 1.5 liters of water.
To create a greenhouse, a plastic container with a lid with holes for ventilation is suitable. You can use a pot or other container. The main condition is to cover the greenhouse with film or glass. This will provide a consistently high level of moisture needed for root formation.
The container with cuttings is placed in a warm place where the temperature is not lower than 25 °.
Care of the shoots consists in periodically moistening the substrate. Watering is carried out using a spray gun. Moisturizing is done with warm water. Watering schedule - every 3-4 days. The shoots should have enough lighting, but they cannot be exposed to the sun. This will cause the temperature in the greenhouse to rise. If necessary, additional lighting with fluorescent lamps is used.

Sphagnum moss has bactericidal properties and is able to retain a large amount of moisture. It is indispensable when creating a substrate for adult and young orchids.

A month later, 2-3 leaves and roots will appear on the cuttings. They can be transplanted into separate pots.

A photo

Below you can see a photo of the propagation of orchids by cuttings.

Possible problems

The first roots on the shoots have to wait about a month. But the process of reproduction does not always give the desired result. A common reason for failure is a violation of sterility recommendations.

Some flower growers germinate a cutting with a kidney not on sphagnum, but on water. This method gives a low percentage of positive results. Under the action of light in the water, bacteria rapidly multiply, causing decay. Activated charcoal and frequent fluid changes can be used to improve the situation.

The use of contaminated instruments can infect the appendix with bacteria or fungus. This problem also arises among specialists. Thanks to practical experience, they found a way to solve it - at the first sign of mold, the shoot is immersed in a solution of potassium permanganate for 40-50 minutes.

Planting an orchid at home is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. On our website you will find articles about flower breeding rules, as well as about at home.

Transplanting into a pot

The stalk with leaves and roots is transplanted into a separate pot. The entire process is not needed, only the baby that has grown from the kidney is separated. For a young plant, it is necessary to prepare the substrate.

It will require:

pine bark, boiled, dried and cut into pieces 8-10 mm in size;
charcoal;
moss sphagnum, previously soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate;
fine expanded clay or pebbles for drainage, heat-treated.

The flower pot should be plastic, transparent, with a large number of holes that provide free air access. Before planting, it is recommended to disinfect it. The transplant process is as follows:

A layer of drainage is poured at the bottom of the pot.
A baby grown on a handle is placed in the middle of the container.
Pour the bark mixed with charcoal into the pot.
Sphagnum moss is laid on top.
The substrate is moistened from a spray bottle with warm water.
A pot with a seedling is placed in a bright place. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and drafts.
The next watering is done after 3 days.

Important. Disinfection of the substrate components will eliminate the appearance of fungal and bacterial infections in a young, fragile plant.

Successful rooting is only the first step in propagating an orchid. A young plant needs to create optimal conditions for growth and development. An exotic flower needs lighting for at least 12 hours a day. It is recommended to place it on an east or southeast window. Comfortable temperature depends on the type of orchid, but the average for summer is 18-25°, and for winter - 12-15°.

Orchid does not need frequent and abundant watering; it tolerates a lack of moisture more easily than its excess. Water should be warm, soft, preferably boiled. Moisten the substrate when it dries.

Irrigation regime varies significantly depending on the time of year. In spring and summer, during the period of activity and flowering, the orchid is moistened 1-2 times a week, in winter - 2 times a month. Experts determine the need for watering by the color of the roots, when they become light - it's time to moisten the plant.

Top dressing of a young plant begins 2 weeks after planting. Use a special complex fertilizer with minerals and trace elements. A feature of the application is to reduce the recommended dosage by 3-5 times.

Growth is accelerated by top dressing with a high nitrogen content. It is performed 2 times a month. When the orchid grows up, it is transplanted into a larger pot.

Advice. As a precaution, a pot with an orchid seedling can be kept for another 2 weeks in greenhouse conditions.

High humidity is a significant factor for the comfortable state of the orchid. Depending on the variety, the recommended humidity is 60-70%. The plant responds well to spraying. It is contraindicated only for orchid flowers.

An orchid propagated by cuttings blooms in the second or third year of life. This delicate and capricious plant requires competent and systematic care. Subject to the requirements for and content, it will respond with beautiful flowering.

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Orchids are one of the most beautiful flowers. Therefore, many flower growers would like to learn how to breed these plants on their own. Reproduction of orchids can be done in several ways. The choice of one or another of them depends on the type of flower and the capabilities of the grower. Reproduction usually does not require any special knowledge, the main thing is to strictly follow the recommendations below and keep in mind that only vegetative parts from completely healthy plants are used for breeding.

There are 3 types of orchid propagation:

Vegetative. Reproduction is carried out using parts of the mother plant: children, shoots, cuttings or bulbs.
Generative or otherwise seed.
Meristem or cloning. Used only for industrial cultivation.

So, how do orchids propagate at home?

Reproduction by children

Reproduction of orchids at home is the easiest. A baby is a small, fully formed plant. They are very often developed by the phalaenopsis and orchid. It is worth separating the children from the mother plant only after the development of their root system. Without roots, their chances of survival are greatly reduced.

A well-sharpened knife is used to separate fully developed babies. Before use, it is disinfected with alcohol. Immediately after the end of the separation, the cut sites are treated with crushed coal or cinnamon powder.

Cultivation of orchids by children is best done during the period of intensive growth from March to August. At this time, they take root easily and quickly. For their planting use small transparent containers. For example, plastic disposable cups are very well suited for these purposes.

Is it possible to propagate an orchid from seeds at home? It is possible, but for this you will have to create almost sterile conditions. And also growing seedlings will take the grower more than one year, so it is much faster and easier to grow an orchid by cuttings or from the root.

How to grow an orchid from a root

Propagation of orchids by division is one of the easiest and most affordable ways to obtain daughter plants. Use it to reproduce sympodial type orchids. Their pseudobulbs are very easy to divide into separate parts, each of which is the beginning of a young plant. So, how to breed orchids by dividing the bush?

The division of the overgrown plant begins in the spring. To do this, the orchid is gently shaken out of the pot and cut into several parts using a sharp, pre-disinfected knife.

After division, young plants are planted in a substrate for adult orchids. Their cultivation, especially in the first month, is best done in conditions of high humidity. Rooting in this case is much faster. To create them, an ordinary plastic bag is put on the pot. So we found out whether it is possible to grow an orchid from the root, and how to rejuvenate an old phalaenopsis that has lost its appearance?

Cattleya breeding

Rejuvenation of an old specimen of phalaenopsis

Breeding phalaenopsis orchids at home can be combined with the rejuvenation of old plants. The signal for this event is the aerial roots that have spread out of the pot and the elongated bare trunk.

For rejuvenation, 3-5 cm recede from the bottom sheet and cut off the entire lower part. The resulting cut is treated with brilliant green and allowed to dry. After that, the cut off outlet is planted in a pre-prepared substrate.