The grounds for obtaining a deferment from the army are specified in Article 24 of the current Federal Law "On military duty and military service." With the advent of 2017, adjustments to the above article came into force. The amendments affected young people receiving education in secondary, secondary specialized and higher educational institutions. Who has the right to receive a deferment from the army and what is its duration, we will consider in more detail in the article.
The federal law "On military duty and military service" was adopted on March 28, 1998. The law regulates the obligations of military personnel to fulfill their duty to protect the Fatherland under the Constitution, as well as the procedure for enrolling citizens of the Russian Federation, including foreign citizens, into military service.
The law includes 9 sections and 65 articles:
- general provisions (art. 1-7);
- military registration (art. 8-10);
- preparation for military service of citizens on a mandatory and voluntary basis (Articles 11-21);
- the implementation of the conscription of citizens into the army (art. 22-31);
- implementation of military service under the contract (art. 32-35);
- military service (art. 36-49);
- general provisions, reasons and procedure for dismissal (art. 50-51.1);
- reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, SVR and FSB (Art. 51.2-57);
- reservists of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and other military organizations and bodies (Articles 57.1-57.8);
- final clauses (arts. 58-65).
Articles 16, 30 and 59 have lost their legal force.
The current version is dated July 26, 2017, the provisions entered into force on August 6 of the same year. Some of its provisions will come into force in the new year - January 1, 2018. Article 24, which regulates receiving a deferment from the army, was amended by the edition of July 3, 2016, the changes and additions came into force from the beginning of 2017.
Who can get a deferment from the army?
There are many reasons for deferment from the army, which are all described in article 24. Let's take a closer look at who and on what grounds can receive temporary release.
Due to the state of health
During the medical examination of the conscript, there is a category of fitness "G", which indicates a temporary health disorder - fractures, dystrophy or excessive obesity. This category is assigned by the draft board, which issues a verdict on a temporary deferment from the army for a period of up to 1 year. Six months later, the recruit undergoes a second medical examination. If there is no deterioration in health, a final decision is made on the suitability of the citizen.
Getting an education in an educational institution
Pupils and students are eligible for deferment from the military if they are studying full-time in accredited educational institutions. This paragraph has been amended - if earlier it was possible to receive a deferment until reaching the age of 20, now a temporary exemption will be valid for the entire period of study. It concerns schools, colleges, universities. Those who have enrolled in graduate school or defended their dissertation and received the title of Ph.D. may also qualify for a temporary exemption. The deferment from conscription into the army is one-time. However, this rule has an exception if the conscript wishes to continue his education, for example, after school he entered a college or university, etc.
For family reasons
A deferment from the army may be granted if the conscript:
- is a single father;
- has 2 or more children;
- his child is disabled and has not reached the age of 3 years;
- has a child and a spouse whose gestational age is at least 26 weeks.
Also, a young person receives a temporary exemption from the army if he takes care of his parents, spouse, grandparents, siblings. A prerequisite for the postponement is the absence of other relatives who are obliged to support them, the presence of a medical certificate of the need for constant outside care, and they are not on state support.
Another reason for deferment from the army is the guardianship / guardianship of a minor brother / sister taken by the conscript, if there are no other relatives who are ready to take responsibility for the children.
In connection with work
A deferment from the army is given to employees of the police department, the State Border Service, the penitentiary system, the Federal Drug Control Service and customs officers. The main condition is to enter the service in these bodies immediately, after the completion of the university of the above bodies. Also civil servants (deputies) can count on temporary exemption from military service.
By order of the President
Every year, 500 people receive a deferment from the army, thanks to the order of the President. Young people are selected from the representatives of talented youth to support the scientific potential.
Duration
The federal law on deferment from the army provides for different lengths of temporary release. When it comes to health- the deferral is valid for up to 1 year.
In a situation where the conscript is a student of one of the educational institutions, the duration will be the entire period of training. Previously, the conscript was obliged to interrupt his studies upon reaching the age of 20. We must not forget that a deferment from the army, according to the law, can be given 2 times, provided that the young man has decided to continue his education further in a higher educational institution.
If conscript fulfills the role of a single father, then the deferment from the army will last the entire period while he raises the child on his own. The situation is repeated in the example with the presence of 2 or more children or when there is already one child, and the spouse is at the 26th week of pregnancy. In the case of a disabled child, a young person will not be drafted into the army until the baby is 3 years old. Every year, documents proving these facts must be submitted to the military registration and enlistment office, until the conscript reaches 27 years of age. It should be remembered:if the child dies or the father is deprived of parental rights, then the temporary exemption from the army will be lifted. In the case of caring for relatives or registering guardianship, the duration of the temporary deferment from the army depends on the time of performance of these functions.
If conscript is in the civil service, then the deferment from the army will be valid for the entire term of exercising powers in these bodies. If a young person participates in elections, then the duration will be the entire period of participation in the elections up to the day the results are announced or, in case of early withdrawal, up to the day of withdrawal inclusive.
Download the text of the law
To fully understand the current provisions of the law, you should familiarize yourself with its relevant content. You can download the latest edition with all changes and amendments at.
Twice a year - from October to December and from April to July - the time of conscription comes. The law will be of interest to read for conscripts who want to receive a deferment from the army under article 24 of the current law.
All recruits who are trained in secondary and higher educational institutions are entitled to the possibility of deferment from the army for study in 2016. This makes it possible to receive the necessary level of education, and only then pay back the “debt to the Motherland”. Only full-time (full-time) students, graduate students and other researchers can receive a deferment.
Postponement of studies for university students.
Every university student has the right to deferment from the army until the end of their studies. He can use this right even if he has already used the deferral before.
Upon receipt of the 2nd higher education, deferrals are not granted. But when continuing their studies in graduate school or magistracy, conscripts are not taken into the army. It is worth noting that students in residency or internship may not go to the army.
Also, everyone who defends dissertations can postpone the service. But candidates for doctors of science are completely exempted from military service.
It must be remembered that even after training, you can count on a deferment from the draft board. But its term cannot be more than 1 year.
When is the deferment from the army saved?
Even interrupting training, you can count on maintaining the granted deferment. According to the law, this privilege is preserved at the moment:
- transfer to another faculty;
- academic leave;
- transfer to another institution;
- recovery for study.
Moreover, if you were expelled due to poor academic performance, then you will definitely have to go to the army.
Remember that for any deferrals, you must go through a medical commission. After all, all citizens who are recognized as unfit for military service are not automatically affected by such a measure.
Each delay is documented. To get it, you need to provide to the military registration and enlistment office:
- a copy of the license of the educational institution;
- diploma of education;
- certificate from the educational institution.
All necessary legal procedures should be carried out in a timely manner, otherwise problems may arise. In practice, there are cases when, due to legal nuances, future students were sent to serve.
How to be a student of colleges and technical schools?
For such students, a deferment is granted only in case of admission to study after 9th grade. All eleventh-graders who do not enter the “tower” are subject to conscription.
And if you are over 20 years old, then you can be called regardless of whether your training is completed or not. But such difficulties will not be in the legislation forever. In 2017, it is planned to introduce a number of amendments that equalize the rights of all students.
In all colleges and technical schools, deferment is granted only during the period of study. Without good reason, her term cannot be extended.
And if you have already taken advantage of the delay in admission to a specialized secondary institution, then you should not count on such a relief anymore. Even if you want to continue your education, you will have to go to the army. After all, this measure is a one-time.
To get a deferment from the study service in 2016, you should find out all the legislative nuances in advance. If you do not show proper initiative, you can lose your right under the law.
The autumn conscription is approaching, and many conscripts, as well as their parents, are worried about the possibility of avoiding or postponing service in the armed ranks of Russia for several years. How can I get a deferment and what exactly is the basis for this?
How to get a deferment from the army? Grounds for postponement
Today there are several legal grounds for this. The first one is the postponement due to family reasons. The law strictly regulates the list of such and requires confirmation by certain documents. The second is a delay for medical reasons. To do this, it is necessary to obtain a medical certificate, according to which the conscript has diseases that prevent him from fulfilling his civic duty. And another legitimate reason is to continue your education after school.
To apply for a deferment, you must contact the military registry office at the place of residence and find out what is required for this. After all, in each case there will be a list of documents.
Postponement for admission to secondary schools after grade 9
Applicants need to make sure that the chosen educational institution has state accreditation, since its absence will not allow them to receive a deferment. In-person training is a prerequisite. Another important aspect of this issue. As soon as a vocational school student turns twenty years old, he loses his deferment. This is due to the fact that this type of deferral applies only to young people under twenty years of age. This is worth remembering for those who decide to go to college after college. Indeed, in this case, military service cannot be avoided. 
Postponement for admission to secondary schools after grade 11
The guys who decide to go to college (technical school) at the end of the eleventh grade will not be able to get a deferment - they will have to interrupt their studies, serve in the army, and only after that continue their education. You should also not forget that the deferment for students of technical schools and colleges is valid until the student is twenty years old. If the young man has not yet graduated from secondary school by this time, he will still have to go to the service.
Deferment from the army upon admission to a university after grade 11
Graduates of the 11th grade may not worry about the military registration and enlistment offices - no one will disturb them until October. This approach began to operate quite recently, which makes it possible for young people to calmly prepare for entrance tests. It must be remembered that the university must have a state license in the chosen specialty. The deferment is given to full-time students who do not have a bachelor's or master's certificate.
To grant a deferment, the following documents are submitted to the military registration desk: a certificate from the university on enrollment, student ID, passport, registration certificate.
Deferment from the army when entering a university after a college, technical school
When submitting documents to an institute after college, a young man must understand that he will be granted a deferment only if he has not used it before. In the event that a conscript has graduated from college before he reaches the age of 18, and the right to deferment has been preserved for him, he can use it in the prescribed manner. The algorithm remains the same as in the previous paragraph. 
Postponement from the army at the university
The deferment is valid as long as the young man is a university student. A bachelor's degree usually takes four years. The form of study must be full-time. Young people lose their deferment if they were expelled from the university, transferred to the correspondence department during their studies, took a break in their studies for more than a year.
A young person can continue his studies in the magistracy, thereby extending his deferment.
Deferment from the army upon admission to the magistracy after the bachelor's degree
To get a deferment in the magistracy, you must follow a number of simple rules. Education must be full-time, the chosen specialty must still be accredited, the educational process must not be interrupted (the student must certainly submit documents to the master's program immediately after completing the bachelor's degree, and it does not matter if it is the same university or not). 
Graduate studies and deferment from the army
Absolutely all young men entering graduate school are given the opportunity to avoid serving in the armed forces, no matter whether they used the right to deferment before or not.
Which educational institutions have a deferment from the army?
A young man is released from military duty for three to four years, in addition, he is given a year of deferral to prepare for the defense of the final qualifying work. The deferment does not apply to conscripts enrolled in the correspondence department of postgraduate studies. This rule, however, applies to all correspondence departments. It is worth noting that the law does not limit the number of deferrals for postgraduate students. Thus, if a conscript was expelled from graduate school, he can try to enter there again, and thereby achieve another deferment.
A number of documents confirming the right to deferment must be submitted to the military registration desk: a diploma of higher education, a certificate of enrollment in graduate school (mandatory with the order number and date), a copy of the license of the educational institution.
Based on the above, we can conclude that the deferment is available to students of any secondary school or university. But is it? Which educational institutions guarantee the applicant the right to deferment? When choosing an educational institution, applicants should remember that the educational institution has a state license in general, and the educational program in particular. If there is none, the conscript will not be granted a deferment.
Do they give a deferment from the army for distance learning?
Also, applicants should remember that the right to deferment from the army applies only to those who entered the full-time department. In the case of choosing a correspondence form of education, the student will have to combine military service and study.
Academic leave, transfer to another university, restoration, re-admission
On a positive note, the legislation has provided opportunities whereby a deferment can be maintained by taking a break from training. This applies to those cases when a student is transferred from one university to another, or changes his specialty to another. In this case, the duration of training should not change. Its increase is allowed only for a period of one year, not more.
Also, if a student at one time had to interrupt his studies of his own free will (and not by the decision of the rectorate), then, having recovered at the university, his right to deferment will also be restored, but only if the term of study at the university does not increase. Registration of academic leave retains the right of deferral for the young man, but it is worth noting that such leave must be properly issued. 
Postponement for health reasons
Another legal way to delay military service is for medical reasons. There is a single list of diseases for which conscripts are granted a deferment. It is called - "Schedule of diseases." This list is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and is in the public domain. If the state of health does not allow serving in the army, the young man must come to the military enlistment office for a medical commission and present certificates of the presence of certain diseases. The decision is made by the head physician of the medical board. In case of a positive decision, the conscript will be assigned the category “G”, which means “temporarily unfit”. It provides an opportunity to receive a deferral for health reasons. In some cases, a young man may be sent for additional examinations in order to confirm or deny the presence of certain diseases.
The most common reasons for which you can apply for a delay are: exacerbation of chronic diseases, acute diseases that led to any disorders, overweight or underweight (the basis is BMI).
More detailed information can be obtained by examining the "Schedule of Diseases", which contains many entries such as "disease - category of suitability".
Postponement for family reasons
A conscript may not study either in secondary schools or universities, be the owner of excellent health, but at the same time also count on a deferment from conscription, finding himself in a certain life situation. The law provides for such circumstances under which military service is impossible.
Postponement due to the upbringing of a minor child
A citizen can use it if:
- is a parent of a child with a disability (until they reach 3 years of age);
- is a parent of two or more children;
- is the only parent of his child (it does not matter if the child has other close relatives who could take care of him).
Postponement due to wife's pregnancy
Provided if the young man already has a child (and not necessarily the pregnant wife must be the mother of this child). The marriage between the applicant for a deferment and the pregnant woman must be officially registered, and the gestational age must be from 26 weeks. When the child is born, the young man may receive a deferment as the father of two or more children. 
Postponement of caring for close relatives
In this case, close relatives mean: parents, wife, brothers and sisters, grandparents, adoptive parents. To apply for a deferment, you must have a special medical certificate confirming that this person needs care due to a serious illness or old age. The conscript must be the only immediate person required to care for an incapacitated relative. A citizen does not have to prove the absence of other relatives burdened with the same obligations in relation to an incompetent person. Check this fact will be in the military registration and enlistment office. If a relative in need of care is in specialized institutions (such as a nursing home, a nursing home), deferment from military service will not be granted.
The case also falls into this category if the conscript is the sole guardian of his underage brothers and sisters. In this case, the deferral is valid until they reach the age of majority. In all other cases considered, the delay lasts the entire period while the conscript is caring for and looking after incompetent relatives.
The performance of military duty in our time is honorable and prestigious. But every citizen should know not only his duties, but also his rights. The legislation of the Russian Federation provides its citizens with legal grounds for obtaining a deferment from the army. And knowing this, every conscript who has this right can use it and get a deferment.
Instead of a conclusion
At present, the parents of conscripts are ambivalent about the fact that their children should serve in the army, defending their homeland, and do their civic duty to their homeland. In the article, we did not consider issues of ethics, morality or ideology, but only options for deferment from the army for various reasons provided for by law.
Citizens of military age who are pupils or students are entitled to a deferment from the army for study. A deferment is possible only if certain conditions are met, which this article will tell you in more detail.
Deferred conscription for schoolchildren
Citizens who are at least 18 years old are subject to conscription for military service in our country. It may happen that at the time of adulthood, the young person has not yet managed to graduate from high school. In this case, he is entitled to a deferment from conscription until the completion of his studies. Moreover, if a graduate successfully (that is, at least for triples) passed the final exams, then this year he receives a deferment from conscription until October 1. This rule makes it possible to enroll in an educational institution immediately after graduation.
An adult student who has exercised the right to deferment from the army for study needs to keep in mind the following:
- If after school he enters a university for a full-time department, then he will again be granted a deferral of study.
- If he enters an institution of secondary vocational education after graduation, then he is not entitled to a second deferment.
In what cases are students of technical schools and colleges eligible for a deferment?
It is more difficult for students of colleges and technical schools to receive a deferment from conscription than for schoolchildren or university students. A student may receive a deferment if he entered an institution of secondary vocational education on the basis of grade 9 (and not after grade 11). In this case, the deferment will be granted only until the execution of 20 years. Upon reaching this age, a young person is subject to conscription, even if he has only a few days left to study at an educational institution.
A student enrolled in Year 11 is only eligible for a deferment if they become an adult in their final year of study.
In order for a student to qualify for a draft deferral, the following conditions must be met:
- the training program has state accreditation;
- training is conducted on a full-time basis;
- the deferment is given for the period of study, but not more than the standard period allotted for the development of the curriculum.
It should be emphasized that such conditions are mandatory for granting a deferment to all categories of students (school students, students of secondary vocational institutions, students and graduate students of universities).
Don't know your rights?
If a young man exercised the right to a deferment from the army while studying at a technical school or college, then he is no longer entitled to a deferment upon further admission to a university.
From January 1, 2017, amendments to the law "On military duty and military service" come into force. These changes include providing college and technical school students with a deferment until graduation (rather than 20 years). At the same time, the new version of the law does not distinguish between students enrolled in a vocational education institution on the basis of grades 9 and 11.
Postponement for undergraduate and graduate students
A full-time student studying at a university receives a deferment from conscription until graduation. If a citizen in his school years has already taken advantage of a deferral from the army for study, then during his studies at a university he has the right to a second deferment.
In the case of obtaining a second higher education, the law does not provide for a deferment. However, if, after defending a bachelor's degree, a student continues to study at a university under a master's program, he receives a deferment for the period of study under this program. In this case, a prerequisite for a deferment is admission to a master's program in the year of obtaining a bachelor's degree.
Persons receiving full-time postgraduate education in graduate school, residency or internship have the right to deferment from conscription. At the same time, the number of deferrals from conscription issued by this citizen in connection with studying at a school, technical school or university does not matter. For this category of recruits, the deferment is due for the entire period of study, as well as for the period of defending a dissertation work (but not more than a year from the date of completion of training).
Nuances of getting a deferral
Citizens who have received a deferment from military service should keep in mind that the right to deferment is retained when:
- registration of academic leave;
- transition to training in another specialty;
- transfer to another educational institution.
However, in these cases, the delay is maintained only if the duration of training has increased by no more than 1 year.
Upon reinstatement at an educational institution, the deferment is retained if the total period of study remains the same. If a student was expelled at the initiative of an educational institution (for example, for unsatisfactory exam results), then in the event of his restoration, a deferment from conscription is not granted.
To apply for a study deferral, a citizen must submit the following documents to the recruiting commission:
- a certificate from the educational institution on the form of the established form;
- diploma of higher education (for graduate students);
- a copy of the organization's license to conduct educational activities (when completing postgraduate studies at a scientific institution).
In addition, the conscript will need to go through a medical commission, since a study deferral is issued only for persons who are fit for health reasons for military service.
