It's not a secret for anyone that every year any residential building is aging and requires certain reconstructions, which must be carried out by qualified specialists. All problems with the premises should be prevented as early as possible so as not to endanger the residents. Sometimes there comes a time when a major overhaul of the facade of a residential building is needed. This is due to the fact that it wears out over time as a result of the damaging effects of negative environmental factors, such as precipitation, piercing winds and intense heat. Therefore, in order to increase the life of a residential building and return it to a more attractive appearance, it is necessary to periodically repair the facade.
What factors indicate the need for repair work?
Determining the need for renovation of a building is quite simple. This can be done by performing a cursory inspection of the house. This can be done both by the residents themselves and by the utilities.
The following defects are obvious signs:
- falling off or damage to the plaster layer on an area exceeding 35%;
- exposure of seams between panels or blocks;
- destruction of the insulation layer;
- gutters and gutters were deformed, as a result of which precipitation began to fall on the facade.
If any of these defects are found, an urgent overhaul of the facade of the apartment building is required.
What kind of work does the overhaul of the facade of the building include?
It is impossible to name an exact list of works that will be carried out during the renovation of the building, since each individual case is unique. In addition, when decorating the facades of buildings, various materials can be used that require the use of certain technologies. But what is included in the overhaul of the facade in most cases?
Here is a rough list of repairs:
- removal of dirt and finishing material from the facade;
- sealing of seams and laying of insulation and waterproofing material;
- building facade decoration;
- applying special compounds to the walls to protect them from moisture;
- replacement of damaged elements of the drainage system.
If, in addition to the finishing layer, the insulation was also damaged, then it will also need to be replaced. But do not forget that only qualified specialists will be able to draw up an accurate list of works that will require a major overhaul of the facades of the MKD after the inspection of the object.
Who is responsible for the repair?
According to the current legislation, the restoration of damaged facades of residential real estate should be carried out by a contractor firm, which is created by local authorities. It is prohibited to hire commercial organizations. In this case, the contractor can independently and not engage in repairs, but only deal with the organization of work and coordination of actions.
It is worth noting that the company that will renovate the facade can be selected by the owners living in the house through a public vote. But at the same time, the contractor must be officially registered, and he must also have all the necessary documentation that allows him to carry out major repairs of the facades.
Who finances the renovation of the facade?
All expenses for the overhaul of the facades fall on the shoulders of the owners living in this house. For these purposes, tenants contribute a certain amount every month. But at the same time, it is important to understand that repairs will be possible only if at least 2/3 of the owners vote for it. But that is not all. At a meeting of residents, the amount of monthly contributions that will go to the general fund is also decided by public voting.
Inspection of the object and determination of the degree of damage
Capital houses are carried out in stages and consists of the following stages: plastering walls, painting and other types of work. But, as mentioned earlier, in order to draw up an accurate list of required work, a preliminary inspection of the residential property is necessary in order to assess the degree of damage to the building. For example, if a crack appears on the wall, then the specialists will first need to establish the reason behind the formation of the defect. This measure is mandatory and will prevent new cracks from appearing.
Preparatory stage
Capital begins with the preparatory phase.
It includes a set of activities, which includes:
- Removing dust, dirt and old coating from the facade.
- Restoration of damaged cornices.
- Replacement of deformed elements of ebb and drainage system.
- Checking the quality of adhesion of tiles to the work surface.
- General assessment of the condition of the property.
- Drawing up a working estimate.
At this stage, issues related to the need to replace insulation and waterproofing at the junction of individual facing elements are also resolved.
Based on the information collected, the contractor will be able to assess the condition of the house and determine the level of its wear and tear. This is necessary to draw up a project for the repair work. It is important to understand here that this process is rather complicated. Therefore, it is recommended not to do it yourself, but to entrust everything to qualified specialists.
When all the documentation is ready, the territory where the object is located is prepared for renovation. Fences are installed along its perimeter, which will block access to the building for passers-by and vehicles.
Redecoration of buildings
Overhaul of facades is a very time-consuming process that requires a lot of physical and time costs. It is used when buildings are very worn out. For minor damage, cosmetic repairs will suffice. All work is performed in a strictly defined sequence.
After the completion of the preparatory stage, all work is carried out in the following sequence:
- Cleaning the walls and preparing them for subsequent work.
- Plastering the working surface. This is done in order to eliminate various defects and make the walls even. If there are defects of great complexity, then they are preliminarily eliminated with the help of certain materials, which are selected by specialists individually for each specific case.
- Priming the walls. This type of work is preparatory before painting. It allows you to improve the quality of adhesion of the coating, which will last much longer.
- Painting works. Wall painting is the final stage in the redecoration of residential buildings.
Cosmetic repairs are resorted to much more often than capital repairs, since they require less financial costs.
Overhaul of residential buildings
Unlike cosmetic, overhaul of facades is a more complex undertaking that requires certain skills and knowledge, as well as the availability of certain qualifications from specialists.
All work is performed in the following sequence:
- Cleaning of the facade and its preparation for subsequent work.
- Replacement of thermal and waterproofing in the joints, as well as priming and plastering of walls.
- Wall decoration with decorative materials.
- Application of special mixtures to the facade, protecting them from the negative effects of atmospheric precipitation.
- Replacement of damaged and failed elements of the drainage system, gutters, ebb and flow elements of the ventilation system.
Overhaul and facade insulation must be carried out in accordance with certain rules and in compliance with technologies. Only in this way will it be performed efficiently and for a long time.
Maintenance and overhaul: what's the difference?
Facade repairs are major or current repairs. And what is the general difference between them? These are two completely different types of repairs, each of which has certain characteristics and requires different types of work.
The current one is aimed at restoring the attractive appearance of the building. Therefore, in its process, mainly cosmetic measures are performed, which include:
- restoration of plaster in places where it is damaged or began to crumble;
- filling and priming of the working surface;
- painting walls.
Overhaul, in turn, is a more complex, difficult and time-consuming undertaking, since the restoration of damaged parts of the facade requires the use of sophisticated technologies.
When can a major overhaul be required?
The state has developed a program for the implementation of capital repairs of residential buildings for each region of the country. 6 months before the planned restoration of the facade of the building, the contractor who will carry out the overhaul of the facades must provide information to the owners of the living space in the apartment building about the planned work and the timeframe for their implementation. After reviewing the technical documentation, apartment owners can make certain changes to it, which the contractor must take into account. What's next? After resolving all disputes and issues between the contractor and tenants, repair work can begin.
What if a major overhaul is needed ahead of schedule?
With a very strong deterioration of the building or any of its individual sections, the tenants of the house may not wait for the time for which the overhaul is planned, and begin to do everything on their own. But in this case, one big problem arises: who will pay for everything? In such a situation, the only solution is to collect additional contributions. In this case, the schedule for making payments will indicate the appropriate adjustments, and the owners will be released for a certain time from making them.
In addition to solving financial issues, it will also require budgeting and technical documentation, which also falls on the shoulders of residents. To do this, you will have to contact a company that acts as an intermediary between homeowners and local governments. The local administration, in turn, on the basis of the contract, will oblige the contractor who will be engaged in the repair work to prepare the corresponding project and all the documentation necessary for its implementation. According to the schedule of work and the deadlines for the delivery of the project, a major overhaul of an apartment building is being carried out.
