Ramson has been known and loved for a long time, especially in those regions where it grows in natural conditions - in the Caucasus, the Far East, Siberia, and Europe. Ramson is a perennial herb of the genus Allium, and two species are called so: bear onion (Állium ursínum) and victory onion (Állium victoriális).
In almost every locality, it also has a second - the popular name: chenzeli, kalba, levurda, wild garlic, bear onion.
Bear onion
A compact plant 20-50 cm high, leaves (2-3 pieces 3-5 cm wide) on a long narrow petiole appear in March-April, when the snow completely melts and the soil warms up. In May-June, small white flowers bloom on a low peduncle, collected in an umbrella (tuft or hemispherical) inflorescence. Flowering lasts 2-3 weeks. After the seeds ripen (June-July), the leaves gradually die off. In deciduous and mixed forests, wild garlic grows in whole glades, which are popularly called "bear meadows".
Now, due to deforestation, deteriorating ecology and uncontrolled harvesting, the number of wild wild garlic is dramatically decreasing. Therefore, the plant is listed in the Red Book in many regions, territories and republics of Russia.
Varieties: "Bear", "Delicacy", "Bear delicacy", "Bear paw", "Bear ear". The names do not differ in creativity and variety)
Victory bow
It reaches a height of 70 cm, the inflorescence is an umbrella (hemispherical or spherical), the flowers are pale green. Young leaves grow early - with the first warm days. Blooms in May-July, seeds ripen in July-September (depending on the climatic zone and weather conditions). On sale it is found as "Siberian wild garlic". Can grow on slightly acidic soils. In terms of frost resistance, it surpasses bear onion. Suitable for breeding in Siberia, Altai, the Far East.Growing wild garlic
When planning to plant a bear onion in your garden, try (as far as possible) to create conditions for it in which it grows in nature:- sufficient (but not excessive) soil moisture;
- calcium-rich soils;
- light shading or shadow (victory bow is photophilous);
In fact, wild garlic is a rather “docile” plant, and there are no special difficulties with its cultivation.
Location
Break a bed for wild garlic in the shade of trees, on the east or north side of buildings. Can you plant in the sun? Can. You will have to water more often, but onions will grow better, and more seeds will be tied. Although wild garlic is a moisture-loving plant, it does not tolerate stagnant water, therefore good drainage is needed in flooded places. Acidic soils need liming. After the leaves die off, watering can be reduced.Fertilizer
Each year, the growing roots raise the bulb by about 0.5 cm. Add the same amount to the garden bed - this will be enough, the wild garlic grows well even without top dressing.Bulb propagation
The safest and fastest way to get vitamin greens in your garden is to plant bear onion bulbs. True, not everyone has the opportunity to purchase them. For example, I have never met them on sale - neither in garden centers, nor in the market - at grandmothers. If you are lucky enough to become their owner, you need to start planting in October. An important condition is that the bulbs must be rooted. If there are no roots (or they are dry), the hope for survival is very insignificant. Judge for yourself: wild garlic reacts painfully to damage to the roots during transplantation, where can she survive if they are dry?
We dig the soil onto the bayonet of a shovel, select the roots of perennial weeds (especially carefully the roots and). Considering that wild garlic will grow in one place for several years, it is necessary to provide it with sufficient nutrition. We bring in leafy humus and mix well. The soil should be crumbly and light, like in a forest.
We start planting: we make holes with a distance in the row of at least 20 cm, between the rows - 40-50 cm. We deepen the bulb only 2/3, straighten the roots well, sprinkle it with earth and water it abundantly so that no air pockets remain. We mulch 2-3 cm plantings with peat or compost, and on top - with fallen leaves with a layer of 5-10 cm. Watch the soil moisture: if autumn is dry, be sure to water the garden bed.
In early spring (wild garlic is not afraid) we remove the leaf mulch, leaving a layer of no more than 2-3 cm. It is advisable to remove the peduncles that appeared in the first year so as not to weaken the bulb.
In the future, caring for the plant is reduced to regular removal. Loosening is undesirable, you can damage the root system. Just make sure your bear onion plantings are mulched to keep the soil moist and loose at all times.
Seed reproduction
This method has both pros and cons. Perhaps there are more of the latter - let's start with them. You will have to wait a long time, the first harvest can be removed only for 3-4 years. Wild garlic seeds lose very quickly, so (if possible) take only fresh, ripe this year. Many gardeners I know complain that purchased ones do not sprout, and that's it. A natural question arises - why? There may be several reasons:- seeds lost their germination due to long storage:
- improper sowing;
- unforeseen circumstances: washout with melt water, rainstorm, improper watering. Do not underestimate the dacha living creatures: chickens love to rake mulched plantings, cats - to arrange a rookery there. Yes, and our own memory can fail - while the wild garlic is going to ascend, we may well forget about it, and plant something else in the same place.
In autumn, you can sow from August (as soon as the seeds are ripe) to October. We sow in small pots, boxes or other suitable containers that must have drainage holes. The ramson will grow in them for two years: at this age, the roots of the bulbs will be about 10 cm, take this into account when choosing the depth of the container. We prepare the soil from 2 parts of leafy soil, 1 part of compost, 1 part of peat. We pour soil into a container (2 cm below the edge), lay out the seeds, sprinkle it with soil 1 cm on top. We drop the containers with crops in the open ground (without deepening) in partial shade. We mulch 1 cm with peat and 3-5 cm with foliage, water. Regular watering will be required in the future - the soil in the seedling boxes should not dry out.
In the spring, we remove part of the leaf mulch. Wild garlic sprouts are small (about 1 cm in height and 1 mm in thickness) and tender, they need to be carefully looked after: when washing out peat, add fresh, gently pull out the weeds, we have already spoken about watering) Two-year-old onions can be planted in a permanent place, but do this must be done very carefully, being careful not to damage the roots.
You can significantly speed up the process if you germinate the seeds before sowing:
- soak them in Epin for 3-5 hours (optional);
- wrap in a damp cloth and put in a jar or container;
- cover the container on top with a cloth, a thick sheet of paper (so that there is air access, but the moisture does not evaporate too quickly).
- constant + 19 ° С ... + 22 ° С - optimal;
- fluctuations + 10 ° С ... + 19 ° С - germination rate of 50% and below;
- fluctuations + 1 ° С ... + 19 ° С - germination rate of 7% and below;
- constant below + 10 ° С and above + 26 ° С - wild garlic seeds will not sprout.
When can you harvest?
Ramson is a "leisurely" plant, grows slowly, yields only 1-2 replacement bulbs per year. When harvesting, the entire green mass is not cut off - one of two leaves must be left so that the plant can recover more easily.
Over time, when your planting material is in abundance, you can make several beds of wild garlic. This will allow one to harvest while the other rests and gains strength. Overgrown clumps of bear onions are planted after 5-6 years.
Ramson is an excellent crop for the winter (it is not oppressed by a lack of light, additional lighting is not required).
Useful properties and preparation for future use
All parts of the plant are edible: young shoots, leaves and bulbs. A lot of wild garlic is prepared and harvested for future use: it is good in pickles, pickles, marinades. Methods and preferable - they retain the beneficial properties of the plant (however, dried wild garlic is almost devoid of its inherent appetizing aroma).
And there is something to keep in wild garlic: all parts of the plant contain vitamin C, carotene, essential oil, mineral salts, phytoncides, protein, fructose. Ramson normalizes metabolism, lowers blood cholesterol levels, has bactericidal and antiscorbutic properties. The list goes on and on. For medicinal purposes, wild garlic can be used only on the recommendation of the attending physician (there are contraindications).
Bear onions are good from all sides, from wherever you look: tasty, healthy, and a noble honey plant. Its bloom cannot be called luxurious, but it captivates with its modest charm. Are wild garlic already growing in your garden?
Ramson, which in another way is often called flask or bear onion and garlic, is a spicy plant that can be found in the city's markets in early spring.
Ramson grows literally from under the snow, and numerous collectors of this greenery rush into the forests to collect it. But it turns out that growing from seeds of homemade wild garlic in the beds is also possible.
Today we will tell you how to grow this useful and tasty plant on your own plot, especially since wild garlic, or rather growing from seeds, is not difficult.
Ramson: growing from seed
Ramson: description, types, useful properties
Ramson is a perennial green plant from the onion family, however, in aroma, appearance and taste it is more reminiscent of garlic. The leaves of wild garlic do resemble young shoots of forest lily of the valley, but the confusion disappears as soon as the plant blooms. Bear garlic blooms discreetly, but charmingly: first, a single arrow-stem rises from the foliage, on which an umbrella-peduncle then blooms.
The wild garlic flower has the shape of a small ball on which small white buds open. At the very beginning of summer, wild garlic produces fruits - triangular miniature cups, in which seeds of a dark, almost black color ripen inside.
Blooming wild garlic
Types of bear onions
The two types of wild plants are called flask or wild garlic. Both of them have a similar appearance, taste and are eaten, and differ in the season of flowering and ripening, growing area, and size.
Table 1. What is wild garlic?
| Victory bow (Russian flask) | It grows in the Siberian, Altai, Ural regions, in the forests of the Kamchatka Territory, Sakhalin and the Caucasus. The Russian flask blooms at the end of August, and the seed ripening period lasts until the first frost. It has large dark leaves, a bulb about two centimeters in diameter, a long and tall peduncle stem, on which white-green buds bloom. |
| Bear onion (European wild garlic) | This plant grows in the forest belts of the Mediterranean, the Scandinavian forests, in the European territories in the west and in the center (hence the second name of the bear onion). The flowering time of this species falls at the very beginning of summer, and the first collection of leaves of European wild garlic begins after the snow has melted. It has two or three medium-sized leaves, a bulb about a centimeter in diameter, an arrow-peduncle reaches a length of about 30 centimeters, the plant blooms white flowers. |
Wild forest ramson
Useful properties of wild garlic
Fresh young wild garlic is entirely suitable for cooking and eating: you can eat both leaves and stems, including their white parts, located closer to the bulb.
The spicy, slightly pungent taste of wild garlic is perfectly revealed in vegetable salads, soups, and serves as a seasoning for fish and meat. You can also cook wild bear onions: fry and bake, use as a filling for pies, ferment, pickle and pickle - there are a lot of recipes.
However, all the unique beneficial qualities of wild garlic are better preserved when eaten fresh.
Salad with wild garlic
Another fact about the benefits of wild garlic is that it removes toxic substances, harmful deposits, chemistry from the human body, and has detoxifying properties. Shown fresh young wild garlic for use by people with poor appetite, problems of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, colitis, and the like).
It has been proven that positive changes are obtained by eating wild garlic in case of:
- Vascular disease.
- Thyroid dysfunction.
- Increased pressure.
- Bronchitis, pneumonia and other respiratory ailments.
- Gum and oral cavity problems.
- Obesity.
- Cancer and radiation diseases.
- Ischemia, atherosclerosis.
The flask is very useful for children and adults
How to grow wild garlic on your site?
Ramson is a picky plant, but in order to succeed in growing it, you need to prepare the place for future planting correctly. Under natural conditions, wild onions grow in shaded areas, they do not like direct sunlight, so you need to plant them in the shade or partial shade falling from large trees. If you plant wild garlic in the sun, you will often need to weed and water it, and the leaves will grow small and not juicy, with a less pronounced spicy taste.
The soil must also be properly prepared. A slightly acidic (sour wild onion will not take root) or neutral soil is suitable, it is also important for wild garlic that the soil is loose. A site for planting must be selected one on which moisture does not stagnate, since strong moisture will lead to decay of the plant roots.
In nature, wild garlic is sheltered from the sun under the crowns of trees.
How does wild garlic reproduce?
There are two ways to propagate wild garlic: planting bulbs and planting seeds. The first method is more costly, since only one plant can grow from one bulb, therefore, propagation of wild onions by seeds is more convenient and preferable for many gardeners. Below we will tell you in detail how to grow a decent harvest from wild garlic seeds.
Seed preparation
If you are going to plant a plant for the first time, then you can purchase seeds ready for planting in a specialized horticultural department, or in the markets.
The purchase must be made in the summer, the optimal time is from mid-July to the onset of autumn. It is important to evaluate the appearance of the seeds - they should be dark, smooth and always round. The deflated, dry seeds will not germinate.
See the expiration date on the package, and if the seeds are stored for more than a year, it is better to refuse to purchase.
This is what wild onion seeds look like.
If you can collect the seeds yourself, this will be the best solution. Wild garlic seeds ripen in the middle of summer, and it is better to go to the forest in early July. The boxes in which the seeds are hidden should be yellowed, but not too hard yet. You need to prepare any bag or container where the seeds are gently shaken out. At home, you need to dry the "harvest" on the windowsill, and then store in a dark, dry place.
Purchased wild garlic seeds
Preparing the land for sowing
Ramson is a perennial planting, and it will grow in the chosen place for several years, therefore, before the first sowing, you need to carefully prepare the soil. Here's what to do:
- Limit the area where wild garlic will be planted in the future, so as not to forget where the seeds were placed. Knowing where the bed begins and ends, it will be possible to water and loosen the ground without difficulty. Also, fencing the site will exclude that you forget about planting - there are often cases when another crop was planted on top of the seeds.
- If the selected area is flooded with spring waters, or there is a river or a pond nearby, you first need to lay drainage in the soil. You can use crushed stone, large expanded clay or broken brick. You need to lay the drainage to a depth of one meter.
- The earth must be well dug up and loosened to a depth of about 50 centimeters (the roots of wild garlic grow exactly this length), cleaned of weeds. Then the future bed must be enriched with organic feeding: it is better to use bird droppings, manure or foliage-humus (one bucket of fertilizer per square meter of the bed). After applying top dressing, the earth is dug up again.
Ramson loves loose, lush soil
When to plant wild garlic?
There are two options for planting wild garlic - spring and autumn. Depending on the season chosen, the planting process will differ, as well as the preliminary preparation of the seeds. For more convenience, we will present both options in the form of a table.
Table 2. Autumn and spring planting of seeds
| Step 1. In the prepared soil, furrows are made up to 5 centimeters deep. The distance between the rows of grooves is about 20 centimeters. | Step 1. First, the seeds are stratified - they are placed in a container with wet sand and placed in a refrigerator or on a balcony (at a temperature of minus 1-3 degrees) for two or three months. If stratification is not done, then the planted seeds will sprout only the next year. |
| Step 2. The seeds are poured into the furrows at the rate of 10 grams of seeds per square meter of the bed. | Step 2. Frozen seeds are planted in the same way as for autumn planting. It is important to water and weed the garden for the first weeks. Spring plantings are very gentle, you need to care for them carefully! |
| 3. Sprinkle the seeds with a small layer of peat, about a centimeter, and then cover with earth. | Step 3. In the first year, wild garlic sprouts can be stunted and weak, so you don't need to harvest the entire crop right away - it's better to wait until next year, until the plant hardens. |
The ramson has sprouted!
How to care for wild garlic in the garden?
Wild onions require minimal maintenance, but you still need to keep an eye on the plantings! Firstly, the soil in which the seeds were introduced, and on which seedlings have already appeared, must be watered regularly. But, watering should be moderate, as the roots will simply rot in excessively wet soil. Plants need to be fed monthly with mineral fertilizers, and a couple of times a season you can apply organic fertilizers - humus, bird droppings.
It is important to regularly loosen the soil in the garden bed, as well as weed the wild garlic. Weeds such as nettles and wheatgrass are very damaging to young crops. Therefore, the garden must be kept clean!
There should be no weeds in the wild garlic bed
As for the insect pests, they do not bother the plant too much due to its spicy, strong smell. But, in the hot summer on the leaves and stems of wild garlic, the larvae of the miner fly can start.
They actively gnaw the leaves, making whole tunnels in them, and after the attack of the wild garlic larvae it becomes unsuitable for human consumption, therefore it is necessary to fight the pests.
It is easy to do this - 50 grams of salt dissolves in a bucket of water, and the garden is watered with the resulting solution (along with plant leaves) before dark.
The manifestation of "rust" on the leaves
Another ailment that can affect wild garlic is "rust". It manifests itself as follows: brown "burns", light yellow or orange spots appear on the leaves. This disease can destroy all plantings, so you need to pluck and destroy the affected leaves as quickly as possible, and for treatment, spray the bushes with a mixture of shavings of household soap (2 tablespoons) and copper oxychloride (a tablespoon for ten liters of cold water).
Copper oxychloride
After the wild garlic finally takes root in a certain place for it, after two or three years, at the base, in place of one bulb, new "nests" will appear.
At this moment, wild garlic must be planted, otherwise the root system will not cope with the load, the plant will grow, shrink, and then wither ahead of time.
Every seven years, wild onion bushes should be carefully dug up and the bulbs should be moved to unplanned land, to a new location, otherwise the plant will gradually degenerate.
Three to four leaves grow from one bulb
How to Harvest?
It is important not only to properly plant wild garlic and take care of the plantings, but also to correctly harvest the harvest from wild onion bushes so as not to damage the plant. You need to understand that the bulbs need time to recover properly. Therefore, in order not to destroy the plantings with your own hands, you need to pluck the leaves of wild onions according to the rules:
- Yes, young wild garlic greens have the sharpest and most delicate taste in April - early May. But, the sooner the leaves are torn off, the more effort and time the plant will need to grow new ones.
- The first crop from a young planting is cut with a knife, separating one or two upper leaves as carefully as possible. The third leaf must be left on the bush so that the plant can give new shoots.
- Absolutely all leaves can be cut from adult bushes, but it is better not to do this every time so that the wild garlic has time to accumulate strength for new growth. Therefore, it is recommended to have two beds with wild onions - with young seedlings and mature bushes, in order to harvest in turn, giving the plants a rest.
- Details about wild garlic
Source: https://teplica-exp.ru/cheremsha-vyrashhivanie-iz-semyan/
How to grow wild garlic from seeds?
Ramson is one of the unique herbs. It belongs to the onion family, but has a specific flavor of garlic.
To supplement your diet with this spice and get the most out of it, many gardeners are wondering how to grow wild garlic from seeds in their area. It is not difficult at all if you familiarize yourself with all the features of planting and care.
Choosing a variety for growing outdoors
There are 2 varieties of wild garlic (wild onion) that grow in nature:
- Bearish (European wild garlic). Plants of this variety have a bulb about 1 cm long, an arrow up to 30 cm and 2-3 leaves. It blooms at the end of May, and the shoots are harvested immediately after the snow has melted. Natural growing environment - Central and Western Europe, Caucasus, Mediterranean, Scandinavia.
- Victorious. In appearance, it is almost the same as European, but the leaves are larger, and the bulb is up to 2 cm long, the inflorescence is denser. It blooms, multiplies in early August and is distributed in Altai, the Urals, Kamchatka, the Caucasus, Sakhalin, as well as in Siberia.
Important! Since in nature wild garlic of the "Pobedny" species has become less and less common, it is listed in the Red Book.
Due to the high popularity of the cultivation of wild garlic, breeders also contributed, who developed special varieties for plant cultivation in private plots:
- Bear delicacy- a variety with early ripening. Flower arrows and leaves are eaten raw and canned. The leaves grow up to 30 cm in length, have a fresh, rich taste, a weak waxy bloom. You can cut them off within 15-20 days after they appeared.
- Bear ear- belongs to frost-resistant varieties, therefore it is excellent for growing in the northern regions. The taste is semi-sharp, spicy. You can cut the leaves 20-25 days after the appearance of the green mass.
- Teddy bear- this wild garlic both ripens early and is resistant to frost, therefore it is the most popular. The leaves grow up to 60 cm long, and they can be cut off after 15-17 days.
When to grow wild garlic?
Ramson can be planted in the fall - early September, and in the spring - in April or early May.
Choosing a landing site
When planting wild garlic, you must try to create the most natural conditions for it.
There is nothing difficult about this:
- The area allocated for landing should be located in the shade. An excellent option is under large trees or near small buildings. If you plant wild garlic in a sunny area, then not only will you have to water and weed it often, its leaves will still be small, dry, with a greased taste.
- The soil for growing wild garlic is slightly acidic or neutral, necessarily light and loose - sandy or clay is suitable.
Important! Excessive moisture should not be allowed, as this can lead to the death of the plant as a result of root rotting. If there is no alternative and you have to plant wild garlic in acidic soil, it must be limed in advance, otherwise all efforts will be in vain - the sprouts will not sprout.
Soil preparation
Since this plant is perennial, it is important not only to correctly determine the planting site, but also to prepare it correctly.
For this:
- The territory must be marked before the first shoots appear, so that they are not lost.
- If groundwater is located too high on your land plot, then it is advisable to drain the area allocated for planting wild garlic from seeds. This can be done with crushed stone or broken bricks, burying them into the ground by 30-50 cm.
- The territory must be pre-cleaned from weeds - you can do this with the help of special preparations.
- Digging the earth is carried out to a depth of 50 cm, since the rhizomes of wild onions are quite long, plus the plant prefers well-ventilated and light soil.
Important! It is advisable to increase the fertile soil before planting, using for this:
- manure;
- chicken droppings;
- humus from leaves.
On average, 1 bucket of such fertilizers is consumed per 1 m2 of the garden.
Seed selection and preparation
Wild garlic seeds are purchased from mid-July to September, that is, immediately after they ripen. At the same time, it is important to take into account the following point: only fresh seeds can be used for planting, those that have been stored for a long time and have a wrinkled appearance, a hard shell, will not sprout.
Important! High-quality planting material has the following characteristic features:
- rich black color;
- pleasant aroma;
- dryness;
- smooth skin.
Seed preparation for planting consists only in treatment with growth stimulants. To do this, the seeds are spread on a light cotton cloth, soaked in a solution of "Epin", "Zircon", "Etamon" or another product you have tested and left in this form for a day.
Important! If you are planning a spring planting, in this case, some practicing gardeners recommend that you also perform the stratification procedure. To do this, in advance - about 3 months before planting, it is necessary to keep the planting material at zero temperature. The seeds are mixed with wet sand before planting.
How to plant wild garlic?
Planting technology will be slightly different, depending on whether you decide to carry out these works in spring or autumn.
Autumn
- Form beds with rows of small grooves in the soil. Their depth should not exceed 5 cm, it is better to focus on 1-2 cm.The optimal distance between the rows is 15-20 cm.
- Pour the planting material into the grooves at the rate of 10 g per 1 m2.
Or follow another sowing rule - the distance between seeds is 10-15 cm.
- Top up the seeds with peat, leaves or humus, then earth.
Important! Don't expect to see a lot of sprouts in the spring. The germination rate of wild onions is far from 100%.
The sprouts should be expected in early to mid-April, and the first harvest after 2-3 years.
When harvesting the first crop, keep in mind that the 2 upper leaves must be carefully cut with a knife, and not cut off, and the third leaf must be left completely so that new shoots form from it. In the future, you can cut off all the leaves.
Spring
In general, the technology of planting seeds will be similar, but it is imperative, as mentioned above, that it is necessary to harden the seeds for 3 months and provide them with abundant watering after planting. Also, it is important to regularly weed the beds.
But in the spring, you can plant wild garlic in the bulbous way, although it is not particularly popular, since the yield of plants in this case is much lower.
The features of this process are as follows:
- Planting dates are the same as when using seeds, April-May.
- Each bulb is buried 5 cm in the ground, keeping a distance of 15 cm.
Wild garlic care
It is not required to observe any specific agricultural technology when growing wild garlic.
It is enough to provide the following conditions:
- Water your beds regularly, but do not excess.
- Mulch the soil with leaves, periodically loosen the soil so that moisture is retained in it and it is well saturated with oxygen.
- Apply the right fertilizer - organic is the best option. Mullein or bird droppings diluted 1:20 diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 are suitable.
- Make sure that there are no wheatgrass and nettles in the beds - they can harm the seedlings.
- Pests of wild garlic are not particularly fond of. It can only be attacked by a mining fly, whose larvae dig grooves in the leaves. For prevention or control, a very simple remedy is useful - a saline solution prepared from 50-100 g of salt and 1 bucket of water. They are watered with wild garlic at night, and in the morning the greens are watered with plain water.
- From diseases of wild garlic, rust affects, which can spread to neighboring plants. The affected leaves are immediately pulled out, since the spread of the disease can completely quickly destroy the beds. The wild garlic is treated with a solution of copper oxychloride, for the preparation of which you will need 1 tbsp. l. powder, 2 tbsp. l. shavings of laundry soap and 10 liters of water. Spray 2 times, after which the leaves cannot be cut and eaten for 2 weeks.
- In the second or third year of cultivation, the plant gives new nests, which must be planted in order to avoid overdevelopment, soreness and wilting.
- After 7 years, it is necessary to change the planting site of wild garlic, since in the future there will be no bountiful harvests in the same soil, the plants will begin to degenerate.
If you enjoy using a variety of herbs, indulge in a healthy culture like wild garlic. Moreover, as you have seen, there are no difficulties in growing it, if you carefully read the recommendations and adhere to them.
So, already next year or in a year you will have constant access to vitamins from such useful greens for several years.
Source: https://rassada.info/cheremsha/pravila-vyirashhivaniya-iz-semyan.html
Ramson: growing from seed
In early spring, when the last snow melts, the first seasonal vitamins - wild garlic - appear on our markets. Many greenery lovers are happy to buy wild onions, as they also call wild garlic. Wild garlic grows in forests, meadows, rivers and lakes, but any gardener can easily grow this spice on his site.
Description of the plant
Ramson belongs to a perennial herb of the onion family, but in taste and aroma is more like garlic. Its leaves are often confused with lily of the valley, but this is until wild garlic begins to bloom with a single arrow with an umbrella flower in the form of a small ball, consisting of small white flowers. It has trihedral fruits in the form of a box, in which black, rounded seeds ripen by the end of June. The plant reaches a height of 40-50 cm, has white bulbous roots.
How wild garlic blooms, you can see in the photo.
Types of wild garlic
Ramson is a name for two types of wild onions that have common characteristics and differ mainly in size and flowering time:
- bear onion (wild garlic) - has 2-3 leaves, a bulb 1 cm long, an arrow-honey plant up to 30 cm in height. It blooms at the end of May, and the first shoots can be harvested immediately after the snow melts. Grows in the vastness of Scandinavia, the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, Central and Western Europe;
- victorious onion - outwardly looks like European wild garlic, but has larger leaves, a bulb up to 2 cm in length, a higher peduncle, and the inflorescence itself is dense, white-green. The victorious onion releases its first shoots a little later, blooms in early August, the vegetative period lasts until the end of summer. You can meet the victory bow in the Urals, Altai, Siberia, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, the Caucasus. The culture was so popular that it depleted its reserves and was listed in the Red Book.
Ramsons can be eaten fresh, added to salads, vinaigrette, first courses, fermented and pickled, salted for the winter, dried for seasoning with meat, fish and even frozen. Leaves, bulbs and arrows are good for consumption. Since ancient times, wild garlic has been one of the most popular plants, the beneficial properties of which were used for medicinal purposes:
Ramson is not a picky spice, but growing it will still require some knowledge and minimal experience from gardeners. It is important that the conditions are as close as possible to natural, natural.
Site and soil selection:
- Ramson grows well in shade and partial shade. The best place to plant is under the canopy of large trees, in the shade of small buildings and bushes. The plant does not like direct sunlight, and after planting wild garlic in an unshaded place, be prepared for frequent watering and weeding. The leaves of wild garlic grown in such conditions will not be juicy and small, their taste will not be pronounced, the plant may dry out altogether.
- The soil for growing crops is neutral or slightly acidic, but always loose. In acidic soil, wild garlic does not grow, but sandy and clay soil, spices are not a hindrance. Wild onions also do not tolerate strong moisture, especially in early spring - their roots rot and the plant dies.
Reproduction of wild garlic
Ramson reproduces in 2 ways:
Reproduction by bulbs has its disadvantages: as a result of planting one shoot, only one new ovary grows. Therefore, gardeners are more inclined to propagate wild garlic by seeds. The process starts with collecting or purchasing seeds:
- Before growing wild garlic from seeds, you need to purchase planting material today, it is not a problem, it is in every specialized store. Purchases must be made from mid-July to early autumn. Pay attention to the expiration date - expired seeds will not sprout or give poor-quality sprouts. Also look at the appearance of the seeds. They should be smooth and slightly rounded, and do not buy wrinkled ones, they will not germinate.
- If you already have several wild garlic bushes, and you want to propagate them, then get the seeds yourself. They ripen in late June - early July. At this time, the boxes are already starting to turn yellow. They need to be removed as quickly as possible, before the shell begins to harden, then it will be difficult to open it. Pour the seeds out of the box and let them dry, then put them in a dry, dark place.
Seed propagation
The propagation of wild garlic by seeds consists of several stages.
Soil preparation for sowing
Since the wild garlic is a perennial plant and grows in the same place for years, the soil must be well prepared before sowing:
- The area where wild garlic will grow must be somehow limited and marked so that the crops are not lost before the first shoots. This way you will know exactly where they start and end, and you can calmly weed and water the ground.
- If your site is close to water sources (near a pond, lake, river) or groundwater is close to the surface of the earth, it is necessary to drain the area for planting wild garlic. Crushed stone or small broken bricks can be used as drainage.
- To begin with, the area planned for sowing must be cleared of weeds and dug up. The land is cultivated to a depth of at least 50 cm, since the roots of the wild garlic are quite large. The acidic soil must be limed, otherwise you will not have to wait for seedlings.
- After cleaning, you can feed the soil with organic matter. It is best to do this with leaf humus, manure, or chicken droppings. For every square meter, 1 bucket of fertilizer is enough. You can dig up the site again, then the earth will fluff up more and it will be better to let oxygen through.
The best time to plant wild garlic is autumn, early September. The process consists of the following steps:
- Make small grooves in the ground in rows. They should be no deeper than 5 cm. The distance between the rows should not exceed 20 cm. You can sow seeds and not in the grooves, but in this case there is a danger of their washing away by irrigation or natural precipitation.
- Now we plant wild garlic - we spread the seeds in the grooves at the rate of 10 g per 1 sq. m.
- Sprinkle the seeds with peat and earth on top.
- If you don't have a lot of planting material, you can plant them in separate pots and bury them in the ground.
Spring planting
Ramson can also be sown in spring, but in this case the process will be slightly different from the autumn one:
- First you need to prepare the seeds - place them in containers with wet sand and freeze them at temperatures from -1 ° C to -3 ° C. If the seeds are not stratified, then they will give the first shoots only after a year.
- The first sprouts need careful care - regular weeding and moisturizing. This must be done carefully, since the seedlings are very delicate.
- After about 1-2 years, when the sprouts have strengthened, they can be transplanted to a permanent place of growth.
Bulb propagation
The propagation of wild garlic by bulbs is not very popular with gardeners, since it does not yield such a high yield as with seed growing, but some also resort to this method:
- The best time to plant wild garlic bulbs is August-October or April-May.
- The plot for planting wild garlic bulbs is prepared in the same way as in the case of growing by seeds. This should be a place shaded by trees, shrubs or buildings out of direct sunlight.
- The soil must be cleaned of weeds, fed with organic fertilizers, dug up and moistened.
- Under each onion, you need to make depressions in the ground at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Drain them if necessary. The distance between the rows should not exceed 20 cm.
- The bulb is deepened into the ground, buried and mulched with decayed foliage or peat.
- If you do everything correctly, then wild garlic will take root well and after 3 years it will be possible to harvest the first harvest of spicy herbs.
Harvesting
Correct harvesting is as follows:
- It is in April that young leaves of wild garlic have the most delicate taste and pleasant aroma, the composition is rich in minerals, trace elements, phytonutrients and essential oils. But remember that the sooner the crop is harvested, the longer it will take for the bulbs to recover.
- After 3 years after planting, the first crop can be harvested on the young. The two top sheets are not torn out, but carefully cut with a knife. The third, lower leaf, must be left in order for the onion to recover quickly and give new shoots.
- On adult plants, it is permissible to cut off all the leaves without leaving the lower ones; they regenerate and grow faster than young plants. The only thing is that it is not recommended to do this annually, then an adult plant will not have time to accumulate strength for growth. It would be more correct to grow wild garlic in such a way that you always have adult plants and young seedlings.
Now that you have learned all about such a spice as wild garlic, growing it from seeds and bulbs will not give you big problems.
Growing wild garlic.
Source: http://dachnaya-zhizn.ru/cheremsha-vyrashhivanie-iz-semyan
How to grow wild garlic from seeds - Gardening YES
Garden ramson is a plant that has long been loved in many regions of our country. It grows naturally in the Far East, Europe, and the Caucasus. The first shoots appear in early spring.
It was at this time that spice lovers rush to the markets for the wild garlic plant and buy wild onions with pleasure. This is another name for this wonderful plant, which belongs to the genus Onion and can grow in one of two types: victory onion and bear onion.
Despite the fact that in the wild it can be found in forests, on the banks of rivers, any keen gardener can grow wild garlic in his country house.
Features and types of plants
The culture belongs to the group of ephemeroids. This is the name of the species that, being perennials, develop their terrestrial part in the summer. Leaves die off closer to autumn, in March they are full of vitamins. Over time, the leaf becomes more and more coarse, so the use of leaves for food is possible only until the time when flowering begins.
When the flowering of wild garlic ends, seeds begin to crumble from it. They are destined to germinate only next year. You can save the seeds of wild garlic, and then in the spring it will be possible to grow plants on the balcony. If they have time to develop well, then with the onset of warmth they can be planted in the garden.
With its taste, wild garlic is more reminiscent of garlic. As soon as spring comes in the forest, its leaves appear. They are very similar to a lily of the valley, but only until the moment the arrow appears, which is very similar to an umbrella. To find out how wild garlic blooms, you can go to the forest in the spring and try to find a plant very similar to a lily of the valley, but with a large arrow.
The fruits of wild garlic are very similar to small triangular capsules, in which black rounded seeds ripen. The bulbous roots of the culture are white. The average plant height is around 40-50 centimeters.
Growing wild garlic - bear onion - gardeners resort to deliberately. The fact is that the leaves of this plant are very beneficial for health. The high content of vitamins and stimulation of the digestive tract are the main advantages for which the culture is highly valued.
In the wild, two types of culture breed:
- bear onion;
- victory bow.
All parts are eaten: leaves, roots, stems. The methods of application can be different: fresh in salads, and dried, pickled and infused for other needs.
Bear onion
This species is very compact, its height can reach only 0.2-0.5 meters. Gives 2-3 sheets, each width is no more than 5 centimeters.
Their appearance can be observed already in March or April, when the snow has completely melted, and the soil has warmed up well. Wild garlic grows until June-July, after which the leaves begin to die off.
A large number of plants can grow in a small area at the same time.
At present, the growth of wild garlic is complicated by such factors as deforestation, uncontrolled collection, and environmental degradation. For these reasons, the culture is included in the Red Book. This makes growing even more fun.
Victory bow
A plant whose height can reach 0.7 meters. When blooming, an umbrella forms with pale green flowers. Blooming in May or early June, this wild garlic can ripen until September (depending on the climate in which it is grown).
Victory onion grows well on acidic soils, and its frost resistance is much higher than the cold resistance of bear onion. From the point of view of external differences, in addition to the height of the stem, an enlarged bulb, a denser peduncle should be noted. The vegetative period of this type of wild garlic lasts until the end of summer. Due to the depletion of cultural reserves, it has become a rarity and is listed in the Red Book.
Beneficial features
Growing in a vegetable garden is a great pleasure for gardeners who look after their health. All parts of the plant used for medicinal purposes can be used for food:
Cultivation brings many benefits, because its composition is rich in essential oils, which, when eaten with the plant, have an anti-inflammatory effect and contribute to the elimination of toxins from the body.
How to grow wild garlic
Planting wild garlic can be done in two ways: by seeds and by planting bulbs.
Each cultivation method has its advantages and disadvantages, however, most summer residents use seeds to grow crops.
It is also worth noting that when planting wild garlic in the open field, only one ovary will grow from one shoot. For this reason, gardeners prefer the seed growing method.
Growing wild garlic from seeds
Growing wild garlic by means of seeds occurs in several stages:
- Limitation of the sowing area. This is necessary so that wild garlic seeds are not lost at the time of germination among the grass.
- Site preparation. This step should not be skipped if there is groundwater nearby. On the garden bed, it is necessary to arrange a drainage system of crushed stone or broken brick. You also need to weed out and dig up the ground.
- Fertilization. Before the onset of frost, organic is the best option.
- In September, you can start planting. Seeds are spread in small grooves, the distance between which does not exceed 20 centimeters. The recommended density that must be maintained at this point is 10 grams of seeds per square meter of soil. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with earth or peat.
- Water the planting with a watering can.
You can plant seeds in the spring. For this method of growing, they must first be hardened by placing them in wet sand, the temperature of which is from -1 to -3 ° C. The first shoots must be weeded thoroughly and the soil under them must be regularly moistened. After a year or two, when the seedlings become strong, they can be transplanted to a permanent place.
Planting bulbs
Wild garlic bulbs as planting material for gardeners who know how to grow wild garlic are not very relevant. The yield with this method of planting is not very high, however, in some cases, this method is still resorted to. Features of growing by planting bulbs are as follows:
- it is best to plant the bulbs in early autumn or mid-spring;
- the site should be prepared in the same way as for growing seeds;
- for each onion, a deepening is made into the soil with a distance between the specimens of at least 15 centimeters. After planting, sprinkle the bulb with peat.
If you plant the wild garlic correctly, then it will take root, and the first harvest can be obtained in three years. Knowing how to plant wild garlic, the gardener will get an excellent result of his work.
Growing wild garlic requires a lot of patience. Annual and biennial sprouts are very small, and even in an adult state, the cultivated plant is not very large. Growing in one place, one bush can yield no more than 7 years.
In the process of growing, you should adhere to some simple rules:
- frequent watering;
- regular loosening;
- cleanliness of the soil;
- weed control;
- regular feeding.
It is important that during the first two years, most of these measures are not urgently needed. In an adult state, the plant becomes a little more demanding to care and reacts sensitively to watering and feeding.
Source: https://sadovodstvyda.ru/kak-vyrastit-cheremshu-iz-semyan.html
How to grow wild garlic from seeds: methods of planting and reproduction in the country
Ramson belongs to the herbaceous perennial plants of the onion family. Two types of culture are widespread and popular: victory bow and bear. Under natural conditions, wild garlic grows in the Far East, the Caucasus and Siberia.
Bear onion is a small bush from 20 to 50 cm in height, growing in clearings in mixed and deciduous forests.
The victorious onion grows up to 70 cm tall, has an umbellate inflorescence with pale green flowers. It is also called Siberian wild garlic. It is more frost-hardy than bearish.
Leaves of wild garlic are similar to lily of the valley: the same wide and green. But the plant does not throw out bells, but a peduncle of an arrow with a spherical inflorescence, consisting of many small white flowers.
- Well moistened soil;
- Soil with enough calcium;
- Place in shade or with little shade;
- Mulching plantings.
Important! In the northern regions (for example, Novosibirsk or the Urals), Pobedny or Kolba onions are chosen for cultivation. Any variety grows in the Moscow region.
How to grow ramsons
Wild onions are not picky about care and the question of how to grow wild garlic in the country is not difficult. The garden bed can be set up in the shade of fruit trees or bushes, near sheds and fences.
If there is no such place, an area in the sun is also suitable, but in this case the plant will have to be watered more often. But in this case, onions will also grow faster, and more seeds will be tied. The onion loves water, but does not tolerate excess moisture, therefore, drainage is arranged for it in low flooded places.
Sour earth does not suit him, it needs to be lime. When the leaves of wild garlic dry up, watering is reduced.
Wild onions can be grown in one place for many years, while they gradually rise from the ground. In spring or autumn, a small layer of humus is poured onto the garden bed. He will replace top dressing and sprinkle the plants with the required soil depth. Planting of seedlings and wild garlic seeds is carried out in autumn and spring.
How wild garlic reproduces
There are three ways to breed wild onions:
- Seeds;
- Bulbs;
- By dividing the bush.
Schisandra: planting and care in the open field
Reproduction in a vegetative way is most effective. Planted bulbs must be succulent, rooted and undamaged. A distance of 20 cm is left between the holes for planting, the bulbs are buried in the ground by 2-3 cm, the beds are mulched with fallen leaves of trees (but not fruit trees). Mulch will keep moisture in the soil for a long time. For reproduction, the bushes carefully, so as not to damage the roots, dig up and separate the bulbs. They need to be planted separately. You can repot the bulbs in October.
Buying bulbs for planting is difficult. But if they can be found, they check the quality of the planting material and roots. They shouldn't be dry. Wild garlic onions react painfully to lack of moisture.
If they collect seeds from their own plants, take into account that wild garlic seeds ripen not at the same time, therefore, they periodically plant and shake the plants so that the ripe seeds fall into the prepared container. When sowing seeds, they are not buried in the ground, but scattered over the surface and mulched from above with a small layer of soil.
Ramson growing from seeds
It is difficult to propagate bear onions by seeds, therefore the method is rarely used. But if it was not possible to get the bulbs, you will have to adopt it. For a wild garlic plant, how to grow from seeds is a serious question. The fact is that if the seeds are not very fresh or were stored incorrectly, they may not sprout.
In nature, seeds ripened in mid-summer fall off and remain dormant in the ground throughout the winter. Stratification is underway. Only in the spring do they begin to sprout. Therefore, at home, you need to buy and sow seeds in the summer in order to wait for the sprouts in early spring.
How to plant wild garlic if the seeds were bought in late autumn or early winter? They are placed in the refrigerator for three months to stratify. In early spring, after the snow melts, they are planted, and then in May-June you can wait for the shoots.
It is very convenient to sow seeds in a box or pot and bury it on the site in the ground in partial shade. This will allow you not to lose the planting site, and it will be easier to get rid of weeds. Drainage must be placed in the pot and filled with fertile soil. You can soak the seeds in a growth promoter before sowing or germinate them.
The sowing container must be deep (young plants will have to grow here for two years). Seedlings are regularly watered and only after two years can they be transplanted to a permanent place. It will be possible to cut off the leaves during seed propagation only after 5 years.
If the seeds have not sprouted, there may be several reasons:
- Loss of germination due to long storage;
- Failure to comply with sowing rules;
- Rain or melt water washout.
Seed propagation has the advantage that many plants are produced at once. The disadvantage is that it is troublesome and long to wait for the harvest.
Growing seedlings
Summer residents often ask: when and how to plant wild garlic in order to get a harvest faster. When planting wild garlic bulbs, the most favorable time is autumn. The necessary conditions are created for seedlings:
- Place in the shade: near fences, outbuildings, fruit trees on the north or east side. Fragrant wild garlic will attract pollinating insects and increase the yield of berries and fruits;
- Planting wild garlic in the beds between vegetable crops is not prohibited, only in this case it will have to be watered more. But she will save tomatoes from late blight and scare off pests;
- Avoid places with stagnant water, and drainage from pebbles, gravel and sand in a flooded area;
- The soil should be loose and breathable, so peat, compost or humus is added to the garden bed. This will give the plants additional nutrition, and there will be no need for feeding;
- In the fall, the garden bed is mulched, and in the spring it needs to be opened, removing the mulch. Spring with light frosts is not terrible for wild onions;
- Flowers on young seedlings are removed so that they do not deprive the plant of strength and take away excess nutrition;
- Only in the fourth year can you begin to harvest.
The soil in the garden bed is dug under the wild onion, the rhizomes of the weeds are selected, and humus is added.
For planting seedlings, holes are made with a distance of 20 cm, and between the rows - 40 cm. The roots are straightened at the bulb, deepened by 2/3 and covered with earth. The plantings are watered and mulched with compost, and on top - with fallen leaves.
In the future, it is not difficult to care for the plants: you need to regularly water and weed the weeds. Loosening is not carried out in order to avoid damage to the root system, but the condition of the mulch is monitored, keeping the soil loose and moist.
If you plant wild garlic in the shade of trees and shrubs, almost no care is required, since conditions close to natural conditions are created for it.
Ramson planting and care
It is not difficult to take care of wild garlic. It is necessary to ensure that the soil is moderately moist, and when it dries up, water the beds. From July to September, wild garlic rests; at this time, watering is reduced.
Cranberries: planting and care in the open field
Mulching procedure is required. Without this, the wild onion will not grow. In the fall, mulch is poured onto the beds, and in the spring it is harvested.
The frosty winter does not frighten the wild garlic, but in the warmth it grows better. A hot summer can be disastrous for her.
Top dressing replaces humus and compost. In autumn and spring, you can feed the plants with ammonium nitrate and superphosphate. For the introduction of phosphorus and potassium, the appeared arrows give a signal. These fertilizers will help the seeds ripen better and the bulbs will form.
On a note. Weeds are not allowed to grow on the garden bed, harvesting on time, but loosen the soil around the wild garlic carefully.
Benefit
Ramson has been used for medicinal purposes for a long time:
- It increases appetite, helps the digestive tract, relieves gastritis and colitis;
- Wild onions are recommended to be included in the diet with an increase in blood pressure, diseases of the thyroid gland, blood vessels, respiratory organs, heart diseases, oncology, obesity and scurvy;
- Ramson has a diaphoretic and diuretic effect, works as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent, strengthens the immune system;
- Bear onions cleanse the body of toxins and toxins.
The unpretentious plant of wild garlic is well deserved to be grown in the country. She will like the house in the winter, as the wild onion does not intimidate a window sill with a lack of lighting, and it does not need a backlight. Home conditions are fine for him. If you do not find wild onion seeds in your city, you can order them on the website of companies that send seedlings and seeds. The post office works well these days, and the order will be delivered quickly.
The representative of the onion family - wild garlic - won the love of gardeners-summer residents with its spicy-aromatic properties. This is actually a wild plant, but it is also available for growing in a personal plot. The article will tell you how to plant this plant with seeds, as well as how to harvest it in your country house.
There are several types of ramson. However, most often this word refers to the variety Bear onion, which can be found in bunches on market counters. This forest dweller looks like a lily of the valley, and it tastes like garlic. The bulbs of wild garlic are oblong, about 1 cm in length. The stem is three-edged, up to 40 cm high. In the forest, wild garlic protects itself from destruction: it grows in swamps or deaf often, fades before the start of haymaking. However, today the plant is still in the Red Book.
People appreciate wild garlic for its taste and medicinal properties, which is why there is a fashion for its cultivation on a personal plot. The process is simple. It is only necessary to take into account a few nuances. In dacha practice today, there are two ways to cultivate a bear onion:
- In shady gardens or in partial shade near outbuildings.
- In the beds next to vegetables and other plants.
Wild garlic bush The task of the first option is to reproduce the natural environment of wild garlic growth: in the shade, dampness, lowland - places where only weeds usually grow. The plant needs almost no care and gives a vitamin harvest in early spring. Growing garden bear onions requires fertile, neutral soil. The bulbs will be at a depth of 7-15 cm - the ground should be loose, airy. In this case, the shadow is optional.
How to plant and grow wild garlic
The principle of growing wild garlic is similar to the cultivation of traditional perennials. It is possible to reproduce a plant when it reaches the age of 4 years. This is done by:
- seeds;
- bulbs.
The disadvantage of propagation with bulbs is that one shoot next year will replace only one plant. The bulbs take root in late summer - early autumn or mid-spring. The foliage is harvested after 3 years. If you intend to dig up the bulbs, break off the flower umbrella during the budding period, and then you will get larger tubers.
If you want to plant wild garlic with seeds, remember: after flowering (the plant throws out an umbrella of rounded white flowers), the fruit with the planting material will ripen in June-July. You can collect seeds in the forest, but, firstly, it is not easy to find the place where wild garlic grows, and secondly, it is illegal due to the fact that it is in the Red Book. Ideal seeds are those that have ripened, but have not yet crumbled.
Advice. Bear onion seed coat hardens quickly and must be germinated freshly harvested. Otherwise, they will lose germination. It is rational to buy them from mid-summer to autumn. Read the packing date carefully.
Seeds can be immediately planted in mulched soil - they will appear by September, or sow them before winter. You can also do this after stratification at t 0 ... -3 ° C for 80-100 days. The first year of wild garlic should be spent in a box. On the second, it can be planted in the ground, deepening by 0.5-1 cm.
For the plant to take root in the soil, choose a place that warms up well in spring. Keep the soil from drying out all year round. The plant will sprout in the coming spring. You can cut the leaves after 5 years.
Attention! Seeds sown in spring after stratification will sprout only after a year. For this reason, it is worth planting them in containers before winter.
How to care for wild garlic and harvest
Growing bear onions requires patience. Annual wild garlic is a small sprout with one leaf, two-year old is slightly larger in size. An adult plant is a small bush with several leaves. A normal harvest in one place, a bear onion is capable of producing no more than 7 years.
There are no innovative techniques in plant care:
- water frequently;
- loosen the ground;
- keep plantings clean;
Ramson does not require special care - get rid of the weeds;
- fertilize wild garlic with mineral dressings and organic matter.
Moreover, in the first year or two, this will not be needed either. After the completion of the growing season, mulch the beds with peat, divide the bush and transfer to a new site.
Advice. When plucking the leaves, try not to damage the inflorescences. The seeds in them will ripen, fall nearby and increase your "plantation" next year.
When the wild garlic grows to cut the leaves, start doing this immediately after the snow melts. Collect arrows last - until the seeds of the plant become milky-waxy. Arrows are superior in taste to leaves and are excellent pickles. Pluck the bear onions in May, remembering to leave the bulbs in the soil. Leaves should be collected no more than once every couple of years, and in no case should you touch everything at once. The bulbs for further harvesting should be dug up in late autumn.
Like cultivated onions, wild garlic can be grown in jars or pots in winter. To do this, plant the bulbs at the end of October: the harvest will be already around the Christmas holidays. Difficulty growing and long waiting times will be rewarded with the first spring greens on your table.
Ramson: video
The leaves of wild garlic contain many useful substances. The spice plant tastes like garlic.
Bunches of wild garlic go on sale in early spring, when you especially want greens and vitamins.
You can equip a plant bed on your own plot.
Agricultural technology is not particularly difficult, but healthy greens will be on the summer resident's table throughout the spring.
Wild onion, as the wild garlic is also called, belongs to the onion family. The green mass is shaped like lily of the valley leaves.
The root system is a bulb. In their natural environment, thickets with wild garlic are found under trees with a dense crown, near swamps.
A plant pulled out with roots will no longer recover, so the forest thickets are decreasing every year. Wild garlic is listed in the Red Book.
The plant is a low-growing perennial, the height does not exceed 15 cm.
In early spring, tubules appear above the ground, which, after a while, unfold into a full-fledged leaf.
The flower arrow extends 40 cm in height.
The flowers resemble globular umbrellas. The flowering period is at the end of May.
The leaves began to be used for food with the active distribution of the Caucasian wild garlic.
Everyone loved the pickled stems. In addition, greens are actively used in folk medicine.
Bear onion
The plant can be found in the Mediterranean, Scandinavia and Western Europe. In Russia, bear onion grows in the Caucasus and Siberia.
Both herbs and onions are used in food. The leaves contain a lot of phytoncides, essential oils and vitamins.
Wild garlic is harvested in April-May. It is added to salads, soups and fries. The plant sets off the taste of meat well. This species has several varieties:
"Bear delicacy". Early ripe bush. The height of the plant is 50 cm.
The broad leaves are dark green, the bulb is light and oval in shape.
Grows only in shaded areas.
Bushes sprout amicably with the onset of positive temperatures. Two weeks later, wild garlic is harvested. From one square, you can get 1.5 kg of foliage.
"Teddy bear". Ramson is cold-resistant.
The early ripe variety is 60 cm long. The foliage is juicy and green.
After the snow melts, the perennial immediately grows, the shoots are plucked at the end of April.
"Bear's ear". Early maturing plant. Height exceeds 50 cm.
Large sheets have a waxy coating. The green mass is very juicy.
The first leaves are harvested two weeks after the start of regrowth. The variety gives a piquant flavor to marinades and pickles.
This type of wild garlic, or flask, has a rhizome, to which several bulbs are attached at once.
Some of the roots go deep into the soil, and the rest are located directly under the fallen leaves.
The plant is found in Western and Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far East.
Leaves of wild garlic are large in comparison with bear onions.
The spectacular bushes are covered with numerous white flowers. The victorious bow has two subspecies:
- Altai mountain ramson... In nature, it grows in the Sayan mountain complex.
It differs from other species in wide leaves and a thick stem. It is appreciated by summer residents for its endurance;
- Giant ramson... This is an ordinary flask growing on the Sayan lands, favorable for the development.
The plant reaches a meter in height, and the leaf width is 15 cm. Like all victorious onions, this species reproduces well with seed.
Where and when is it better to plant a plant
On the site, it is necessary to create conditions close to natural. The crop will develop in shaded areas with moist soil.
Wild garlic can be grown near the house, where moisture accumulates after rain.
Autumn is considered the best time for planting. During this period, the culture will have a strengthened root system.
The ramson are buried in the ground so that no voids remain.
At the beginning of the next planting season, they are actively watered.
You can plant a perennial in the spring. The main thing is that the bulbs do not deteriorate by this time.
A plant with a dried root system will not take root. The culture is able to grow in the same place for 7 years in a row.
Seat selection
Natural places where wild garlic grows are characterized by shading. On the site, a place in the shade of a house, fence or trees is suitable for her.
Some summer residents are engaged in the cultivation of perennials in the open field or in a greenhouse. In such conditions, you will have to devote more time to watering.
Soil requirements
Before sowing or planting, the soil must be prepared.
It is dug onto a shovel bayonet and mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied.
High acidity negatively affects the growth and development of green crops. The earth is deacidified in the fall.
Perennial loves humid places. However, the groundwater approaching the surface can harm the bushes.
Drainage needs to be taken care of in advance. Flood flooding is not capable of causing damage.
Planting in autumn
Ramson is planted in the ground in August – September. Do not postpone the event until a later date: the bulbs will not be able to take root in the cold ground.
The distance between the bulbs should be 20 cm.A 40 cm is left between the rows.
After planting, the surface is mulched with humus.
Planting in spring
If this method is chosen, then the planting material will need to be purchased in mid-April.
The bulbs are sent to the pre-fertilized soil when it warms up.
The planting scheme is identical to the autumn one.
Sprinkle dry foliage on top of the beds.
Bulb propagation
The best way for spring planting. As soon as the wild garlic sprouts appear above the ground, the plant is ready for transplanting.
The bulbs are buried 7 cm into the ground.
A dry feather shell should be visible above the surface.
Foliage or straw mulch will keep the soil soft.
The newly acquired planting material grows faster than anyone else.
Growing from seeds
Time consuming way to get a perennial. Suitable for those who do not have the opportunity to buy wild garlic bulbs.
Seeds harvested in the current season sprout the fastest.
Shop seed usually takes a long time to germinate.
Preference should be given to well-known agricultural firms.
You can collect the seeds yourself. High-quality material, dry, rich black, has a delicate aroma.
The boxes are cut off after they begin to turn yellow. An overly hard shell indicates that the plant has passed into a dormant state. The seeds will have minimal activity.
Autumn sowing and stratification
Sowing wild garlic is carried out in the fall, after collecting the seeds. They are buried in a previously prepared and loosened area.
The distance between the rows is 20 cm, and between the seeds is 5 cm.
The soil is immediately watered and covered with mulch. There is no need to embed the material deeply.
Growing from seeds in this way is productive: the first shoots appear as early as next spring.
If for some reason autumn planting is not possible, you will have to resort to stratification.
This is the name of the imitation of natural conditions for the awakening of the material.
Wild garlic seeds are cold stratified.
Three months before the planned sowing, they are soaked, immersed in wet sand and placed in a refrigerator.
In April, wild garlic is sown in the ground according to the standard scheme.
Care
Ramson can be found even in the tundra: the plant thrives in all types of forests.
The bred varieties are distinguished by their unpretentiousness.
Planting and caring for wild garlic in the open field does not have agrotechnical difficulties.
The main concern of the summer resident is to keep the soil constantly moist.
If it happens in an arid region, it is necessary to add water during the growing season.
Mulch not only makes the soil loose, but also prevents moisture from evaporating.
Weed biennial grasses are not terrible for culture.
Plants such as nettles and dog mint are capable of “strangling” wild garlic. They are weeded out in early spring while the grass is in the sprouting phase.
How to water the soil
Young plants are watered in the spring and summer before they begin to die off.
In open ground and in greenhouses, it is necessary to closely monitor soil moisture.
Since July, when the green mass begins to die off, watering is completely stopped.
Mulching and fertilizing the soil
Landings are covered every fall.
Needles, compost, foliage from forest trees are suitable as a protective layer.
Foliage from fruiting trees from your own garden is not recommended.
From them, wild garlic can become infected with diseases.
The culture practically does not need additional feeding.
If it is planted on poor soil, under which organic matter was not previously introduced, you can use mineral fertilizers in granules.
Once a season, the bushes are watered with a solution of mullein or bird droppings.
Plant transplant rules
Moving bushes to a new location is sometimes difficult. Wild garlic seeds are sown every year, which thickens the bushes and the root system.
The statement that the bulbs rise to the surface every year is incorrect.
On the contrary, they sink lower and lower. In natural places where wild garlic grows, bulbs can be found at a depth of 20 cm.
It is better to leave the transplant for September, then the bulbs will have time to take root before the onset of frost.
The bushes are carefully dug up and transferred to a new place that meets all the requirements.
Ramson is planted according to the standard scheme, the ground is sprinkled with fallen leaves.
When to harvest
The foliage is harvested in the third year after planting. The greens are cut from late April to late May.
The culinary bulbs are dug up in August.
The green mass is stored in the refrigerator for about a week.
A container for storing greens will increase this period.
You can put greens in the freezer and use them all year round.
The foliage is first washed, dried thoroughly and sent to a plastic bag.
CherryLink plugin not found
