It's never too late to reflect on your well-being and start healthy lifestyle life, if before that you neglected many things regarding food intake, work and rest. Correct balanced diet not only improves the process of digestion and assimilation of food, but also protects your from unwanted and unpleasant ailments. In fact, avoiding digestive problems is not so difficult. First, review your lifestyle and routine. Many people believe that these are trifles, but their point of view is fundamentally wrong, because it is the diet that establishes and establishes the competent work of the whole organism as a whole. If you are serious and want to always feel great, then make simple changes in your life. If you already have stomach problems and you want to help him, the site pdoctor.ru will help you with this.
What changes do you need to make in your life to avoid stomach problems?
Don't Overeat. Ideally, it is better to eat little and often, because with this layout, the load on the stomach is the most necessary, and you are not threatened by a feeling of heaviness and indigestion.
Don't skip breakfast. Morning exercise of eating will energize you and set up the work of the digestive tract. Give preference to foods with slow carbohydrates: this is oatmeal, which requires at least 15 minutes of cooking, bread with whole grain cereals, cottage cheese, cheese.
Never overeat at night. Have a hearty dinner no later than 3 hours before bedtime.
Always chew food thoroughly. It can and should be savored. This can be explained by the fact that with a quick meal in saliva, the necessary enzymes necessary for high-quality digestion do not have time to be produced. Take your time and always eat while seated.
After eating, do not rush to active physical activity, but the usual leisurely walk will pacify your digestion of food.
What and in what doses to eat
Vegetables are an essential plant-based source of fiber, and without them in your diet, you're missing out on much-needed fiber for digestion. Having fiber-rich foods in your diet will reduce the risk of constipation, hemorrhoids, and colitis. Soluble fiber is legumes such as soybeans, peas, beans, lentils. Oat flakes, vegetables, apples are also rich in fiber. It blocks the absorption of bad cholesterol into the body and balances blood sugar levels. But the fibers of coarse food in large quantities can disrupt the digestive tract and irritate the walls of the stomach.
For normal peristalsis, it is necessary to drink water - at least 1.5 liters per day. It is correct to drink water on an empty stomach, between breakfast, lunch and dinner, some time after meals and before going to bed.
Reduce your fat intake. Saturated fats are found in organ meats, processed foods, butter, high-fat cheeses, red meat, chocolate, cakes, cream.
Spices affect each body differently, and some seasonings can even provoke allergies, so keep track of your reactions. There are a number of spices that help improve the digestion of food. This is ginger, red pepper.
In addition to these simple truths, there are a number of products that can adversely affect the gastric mucosa and thereby cause symptoms such as flatulence, pain, belching, and even heartburn. All this indicates a violation of the function of the digestive organs, or a disease. In some cases, indigestion occurs due to a lack of lactose. Lactase is an essential enzyme in the body that breaks down lactose (milk sugar). Legumes and cabbage promote gas formation. Also limit beer, soda, fresh bread.
Obvious provocateurs and risk factors in the origin of problems with the gastrointestinal tract and the well-coordinated work of the stomach are alcohol, smoking, caffeine and drugs.
Probiotics can improve the functioning of the stomach and help it - these are live beneficial bacteria that inhabit the intestinal microflora. They protect the local
A quarter of a century ago, it was believed that chronic diseases of the stomach "are born inside" and cannot be transmitted, like the flu. Australian physiologist Robin Warren was the first to question this. Studying samples of gastric tissue of ulcer patients, he found that this tissue is literally crammed with bacteria. Warren suggested that the microorganisms he discovered were the main culprits. chronic diseases of the stomach.
But in the scientific world, such an assumption was skeptical. And then his colleague and like-minded Barry Marshall... ate the "suspected" bacterium. More precisely, he drank - along with the solution in which it was stored. This bacterium was taken into the solution from the stomach of a 62-year-old patient with chronic gastritis. Marshall had a full bouquet of ailments of his "donor" (confirmed by laboratory examination) in a week and a half.
dangerous kisses
In everyday life, infection occurs much easier. Bacteria are transmitted from hand to hand, from mouth to mouth - through dishes, household items, with kisses. And, by the way, they do not always, like Marshall's, immediately give a detailed picture of the disease. Chronic gastritis can develop very slowly and almost never show up. Or it may not even develop: a person lives for himself as a master, a bacterium as a symbiote. A symbiote ready to expand its habitat at the slightest opportunity.
However, it has been that way since the beginning of time. The mucosa of the stomach is a "quite legal residence" of microorganisms of this genus. Another thing is that they were not always so malicious. But the world has changed a lot in recent decades. Processed for long-term storage, stuffed with artificial additives, inanimate food... Bad ecology, smoking, stress... The bacterium began to change, to cultivate more and more aggressive properties.
However, not all of us are vulnerable to this aggression. There are people in whose stomachs this bacterium does not find shelter. Indeed, they are a minority. If you believe the statistics - one in five among adults and one in three among children. All others are at risk. Therefore, chronic gastritis is common in almost the same way as the leaders of mortality - cardiovascular diseases. And just like these diseases, it is often just a link in a destructive chain. Only this chain is closed not by a heart attack, not by a stroke, but by an ulcer or stomach cancer.
No wonder Marshall ate bacilli
The bacterium got beautiful name"Helicobacter pylori" and the status of the main culprit of chronic stomach diseases. And a little later it was also recognized as an unconditional carcinogen.
This carcinogen is "slow". "Growing" a tumor can take ten years, and twenty, and thirty. But he is in no hurry to attract attention to himself with obvious ailments. Most often, the "results of his work" begin to interfere with life when part of the mucosa is already atrophied and replaced by "non-native" tissue. Those who turn to the doctor at this stage of the disease are diagnosed with atrophic gastritis. And although "non-native tissue" does not mean "malignant", the disease is officially considered precancerous.
But Marshall was not in vain slurping bacilli. Today, gastritis (including atrophic), and a stomach ulcer, and even a cancerous tumor can be forced to develop in reverse - defeating the bacterium discovered by him and his colleague. Medicine has everything necessary for this. The problem is different: they carry these microorganisms (and they get sick too) in families and groups. It turns out that prevention and treatment also need to be carried out massively. Otherwise, what's the use of it?
Bacteria are not always to blame
However, the "helicobacter scenario" for the development of stomach cancer is not the only one. Yes, and chronic gastritis does not always develop precisely because of this bacterium: one case out of four proceeds without its participation. But the reasons that make a person vulnerable to such an infection are about the same as those that give rise to chronic gastritis of a non-bacterial nature.
Here they are:
hereditary predisposition;
Chronic diseases of other organs of the digestive tract (chronic cholecystitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, enteritis, colitis);
Chronic diseases of other organs and systems (diabetes mellitus, adrenal diseases, gout, obesity, cardiovascular insufficiency; caries, periodontal disease, chronic rhinitis, lung diseases);
Bad ecology;
Improper nutrition;
Alcohol abuse, smoking;
Long-term medication (painkillers, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, hormonal);
Chronic overwork, stress.
Symptoms
In a healthy stomach, the mucous membrane is updated every 5-7 days. In a stomach affected by bacteria or aggressive drugs, suffering from oxygen deficiency and nutrients(namely, the aforementioned diseases and malnutrition lead to such a deficiency), the rhythm of self-renewal is disturbed. And the trouble begins. Your stomach can report trouble in different ways.
Feeling of heaviness, fullness in the stomach after eating.
Nausea, bloating.
Heartburn, belching.
Dizziness, general weakness, sweating, occurring 15 minutes after eating.
Fatigue, headaches, irritability, decreased mood, sleep disturbances.
Pain: occurs immediately after eating or after 30-40 minutes; especially pronounced when overeating or after taking spicy, rough food; felt throughout the epigastric region; are "stupid", tedious character; may disturb periodically - in autumn and (or) spring.
adviсe
Five taboos for the stomach
Those who do not forget to wash their hands before eating, avoid "bowls of friendship", overwork, stress and take care of their health in general, the risk of "catching gastritis", of course, is reduced.
Even if they have been infected for a long time. And this happens often: many people get this harmful bacterium in early childhood - from their next of kin. And often "complete" with the wrong "nutrition stereotypes" - with the habit of eating that "keep in check" these microorganisms does not help, but hinders.
1 DO NOT give preference to potatoes, bread, pasta, pickled foods, smoked meats, animal fats to the detriment of fresh vegetables, fruits and vegetable oils. Such a diet increases the risk of developing stomach cancer by 2.5 times.
2 DO NOT eat potatoes with meat and bread, naval pasta and other dishes that combine concentrated protein and carbohydrates. The assimilation of these substances requires mutually exclusive actions from the stomach. With their simultaneous intake, poor digestion is guaranteed. Sweet milk porridges with butter put the stomach in an equally difficult position.
3 DO NOT drink sweet compote, fruit drink, or coffee with food - the situation will worsen. And it will be very difficult for the stomach if the drink is not only sweet, but also cold. In order not to harm yourself three times a day, drink at least 15 minutes before meals and 15 minutes after it. The optimum temperature for drinks and food is from +15 to +60 degrees.
4 DO NOT eat rarely (once or twice a day), but in large quantities.
5 DO NOT start eating in a state of depression, fatigue, fear, anxiety. Science has proven that these emotions interfere with the production of digestive juices and slow down the movement of food through the digestive tract. Result: food is not so much digested as it ferments and rots.
It is equally dangerous to sit down at the table in anger. This emotion "spurs" the stomach: there is an abnormal release of digestive juices and too fast evacuation of food from the stomach. Result: food enters the intestines poorly prepared for further processing, and excess juice (in particular hydrochloric acid) remains in the stomach.
- Tell your friends about it!
- "Eat a variety of foods and don't eat too much"
William Lee is a physician, author, and popular nutritional consultant. In an interview with the German publication Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, he talks about healthy eating and explains why he recommends red wine and chocolate.
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- Mono-diets are harmful to health, doctors remind
From a young age I have problems with excess weight, I tend to be overweight. Sometimes, I exhausted myself with hunger strikes, but those insignificant kilograms that I managed to remove, then returned in excess in a couple of weeks. Finally, I began to eat buckwheat. And for about two months I used almost only one of them - in the morning and in the evening. Sometimes even during the day. The mono-diet helped with weight - I threw off six kilograms. But now I feel much worse. Kidney problems began, nausea and vomiting began to occur more and more often. And three days ago, an allergic reaction appeared at all, and I had to seek help from doctors. They said that now I should eliminate buckwheat from my diet for long time maybe even forever. Why did it happen? I have never had an intolerance to this product before. And the benefits of the buckwheat diet are mentioned wherever possible. Alexander Orlovsky
- We survived the winter blues, and we will cope with the spring problems!
Spring is a time of change, including in the body. Huge number of people different ages feel a breakdown, drowsiness, there may be headaches, irritability, mood changes. What is the reason for this and is it possible to cope with this condition on your own?
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- Doctors have found out what kind of food our brain prefers
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- How are your hearing? Have you checked for a long time?
Hearing problems are not limited to the elderly. Moreover, the residents of the metropolis have an additional reason for this: a lot of noise around. Therefore, sometimes hearing is reduced even at school age.
- How do you eat apples?
Named the most useful part of the apple.
Our expert is a gastroenterologist, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, professor of the First Moscow State Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov, Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences Semyon Rapoport.
While a person is young and healthy, the process of adapting to any changes occurs easily and imperceptibly. Over the years and accumulated diseases - everything is more difficult. Therefore, during the transitional period, health can fail.
Not only about sleep
Winter and summer are considered stable, stable seasons. But in the fall (as, indeed, in the spring), the production of melatonin, a hormone that not only controls our sleep, but also regulates the secretion of gastric juice, is significantly reduced in our body. And as you know, increased production of this fluid increases the risk of gastrointestinal diseases.
Moreover, during transitional periods, this hormone itself, which is supposed to be released at night (from 23.00 to 6.00), suddenly begins to be produced in the middle of the day. Therefore, in the autumn in the mornings, we can’t wake up in any way, and at the height of the working day we begin to yawn.
ulcer according to the calendar
The course of chronic gastritis and stomach ulcers is much less subject to seasonal fluctuations. And first of all, peptic ulcer of the duodenum aggravates in the fall. Doctors consider it a classic. And earlier, when hardware diagnostics were not yet so developed, such a diagnosis could only be made on the basis that an exacerbation in a patient occurs strictly twice a year (in spring and autumn). In addition, so-called hungry pains are characteristic of duodenal ulcers, including at night. With other pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, if they occur, they are less pronounced.
By the way, people sometimes confuse peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer, considering them one disease. This is not true. If gastric ulcer can degenerate into cancer, then duodenal ulcer never. Nevertheless, this disease seriously impairs the quality of life, can lead to internal bleeding and stenosis (narrowing) of the organ - complications that require urgent surgery. However, gastritis is also by no means a trifle. Some of its forms (primarily antral and fundic gastritis) can also degenerate into cancer, so they need to be properly treated and controlled.
What worries
Here are the symptoms that require an urgent visit to a gastroenterologist.
Pain, discomfort in the abdomen. If it hurts above the navel, most often the problem is associated with the stomach, if below - with the intestines. However, this symptom may be associated with gallbladder and with the pancreas.
Appetite disorder(reduced or, conversely, increased appetite). The first is typical, for example, for antral gastritis, the second for erosive gastritis or gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Nausea(a common symptom of gastritis).
Heartburn(characteristic of insufficiency of the cardia or for a hernia of the diaphragm).
If a doctor, after listening to the patient’s complaints about stomach pain or other symptoms, feeling his stomach and asking a couple more questions, confidently writes in the medical record, say, “gastritis”, you need to run away from such a specialist as fast as you can. After all, such a diagnosis is not made by eye, it is first necessary to conduct a gastroscopy and take a biopsy of the damaged area of the mucosa in order to have a morphological confirmation of the diagnosis (and exclude the presence of a malignant process).
Moreover, a biopsy should be taken not from one site, but preferably from 3-4 places at once for reliability. If you suspect a stomach ulcer, gastroscopy and biopsy are also indispensable.
Important!
In pharmacies today you can find medicines for stomach pain, and for nausea, heartburn and flatulence. Great is the temptation to treat yourself without visiting a doctor. But this cannot be done. Leveling the symptoms, you can overlook the development of dangerous pathologies, including cancer. In addition, the signs of different diseases are very similar, it is easy to confuse them. For example, when coronary disease hearts often have pains not in the chest, but in the abdomen. Therefore, with any discomfort that appears for the first time, it is necessary to go to the doctor.
Means that protect the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines
Diseases gastrointestinal tract such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, inflammatory diseases duodenum, chronic inflammation of the pancreas and others, are quite common. They are accompanied by violations of the processes of restoration of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. As a therapy, with an increase in the acid-peptic index, substances are used that activate the process of restoring the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, and drugs that can protect it from various kinds of damage (chemical, mechanical).
Means that protect the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract from the effects of hydrochloric acid and pepsin, and also help improve self-healing processes, are called reparative. These include bismuth preparations, which also have an antibacterial effect, and therefore are most often prescribed for peptic ulcer.
De-Nol
Active substance: bismuth tripotassium dicitrate.
Pharmachologic effect: a drug antiulcer drug that has antibacterial activity and has an anti-inflammatory astringent effect. At a pH of gastric juice of 4 and below, the insoluble components of the drug settle, subsequently chelating compounds with a protein base are formed from them. They form a protective coating on the mucosa at the site of ulcerative damage, which does not dissolve. By increasing the formation of prostaglandin E, De-Nol activates the effectiveness of mechanisms that prevent tissue death, leads to the accumulation of epidermal growth factor in the area of damage, reduces the dynamics of the enzyme of the hydrolase class present in the gastric juice of the body. It enhances the protective functions of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract and increases the formation of mucus and the vitality of the mucous membrane to the effects of pepsin, hydrochloric acid and enzymes.
Indications: peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract (with exacerbation), chronic gastritis, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum (gastroduodenitis), digestive disorders of various origins (not associated with diseases of the stomach and duodenum), bloating and intestinal disorders in the absence any organ changes.
Contraindications: high level of sensitivity to the components of the drug, chronic renal failure, pregnancy, lactation.
Side effects: possible nausea, vomiting, frequent stools, constipation (these manifestations are temporary). Allergic reactions in the form of itching, skin rashes. In the case of long-term therapy and taking large doses of the drug, an organic brain lesion of a non-inflammatory nature is likely associated with the accumulation of bismuth in the central nervous system. Overdose can be manifested by impaired renal function and is treated with gastric lavage and cleansing enema, activated charcoal, laxatives.
Mode of application: inside, drink plenty of water, adults - 120 mg of the drug 4 times a day (3 times - 30 minutes before meals and 2 hours before bedtime); children over 12 years old - 240 mg 2 times a day (30 minutes before meals); children 8-12 years old - 120 mg 2 times a day (30 minutes before meals); children 4-8 years old - 8 mg / kg of body weight per day (in 2 divided doses 30 minutes before meals). The duration of treatment is 4-8 weeks, then a break for 8 weeks is necessary - at this time it is not recommended to use medicines containing bismuth.
Release form: film-coated tablets, 120 mg, in a blister - 8 pieces.
Special instructions: during therapy, feces turn black. Half an hour before and after the use of De-Nol, it is not recommended to take medicines, liquids or food. With the simultaneous use of the drug with drugs containing bismuth, the possibility of developing side effects.
Venter
Active substance: sucralfate.
Pharmachologic effect: the agent neutralizes excess hydrochloric acid and has an antispasmodic effect, forms a protective film on the mucous membrane, increases the production of prostaglandin, and reduces the effectiveness of pepsin. In an acidic environment, the venter forms a sticky plastic mass in the form of a paste, which protects damaged areas of the mucous membrane from the effects of factors such as hydrochloric acid and bile.
Indications: prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract, symptomatic, stress ulcers, gastritis, inflammatory lesions of the esophagus and heartburn due to systematic reflux of stomach contents, damage to the gastric mucosa due to rebound release of duodenal contents into it.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, a disorder in the process of swallowing, intestinal obstruction, renal failure, bleeding in the stomach and duodenum, pregnancy, lactation.
Side effects: diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, back pain, drowsiness, lethargy, headaches, dizziness, allergic reactions on the skin.
Mode of application: inside, without chewing and drinking enough water, one hour before meals and at night for adults - 1 g 4 times a day (or 2 g in the morning and evening on an empty stomach). The maximum dose per day is 8-12 g. Children - 0.5 g 4 times a day.
Release form: tablets of 1 g, in a package - 10 pieces; granules in bags of 1 g - 50 pieces per pack.
Special instructions: short-term therapy may contribute to complete scarring of the ulcer, but does not affect the frequency of repetitions and the severity of exacerbations of peptic ulcer after healing. Drugs that neutralize hydrochloric acid in the stomach reduce the productivity of the venter. Antacids are taken half an hour before or after taking the drug.
Gastrofarm
Active substance: substance from dried viable lactobacillus cells, protein, lactic acid. Additional components - sucrose, magnesium stearate.
Pharmachologic effect: the drug is a protective agent for the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. The effectiveness of gastrofarm is due to the work of the components that make up its composition: lactobacilli, bioactive products of their vital activity (dairy, apple, nucleic acids, polysaccharides), a large amount of protein, which has a protective effect on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, activating recovery processes. The drug exhibits analgesic and antacid properties through the ability of protein (which is part of gastrofarm) to maintain acid-base balance.
Indications: gastritis with increased secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract. The use of the drug for prophylactic purposes after treatment with drugs that irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as a gross violation of the diet and abuse of alcohol and cigarettes.
Contraindications: not established if the dosage of the drug corresponds to the recommendations and indications. There are no data on contraindications to the use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation.
Side effects: not detected if the dosage of the drug corresponds to the recommendations and indications. Cases of overdose are not described.
Mode of application: inside by chewing the tablet and drinking plenty of water, or by mixing the crushed tablet with warm water and drinking half an hour before a meal. In the treatment of gastritis with high acidity of gastric juice for adults and children over 12 years old - 1-2 tablets 3 times a day; children 3-12 years old - 0.5 tablets 3 times a day. The duration of therapy is 1 month. In the absence of a positive effect, the daily dose should be doubled.
For ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract, adults - 3-4 tablets 3 times a day for a month. For the prevention of peptic ulcer and its exacerbations - 1-2 tablets 3 times a day for 2 weeks, when drinking large amounts of alcohol and smoking tobacco - 1-2 tablets 2-3 times a day.
Release form: tablets (2.5 mg of dried viable lactobacilli) in a blister of 6 pieces, in a pack - 1 or 3 blisters.
Special instructions: the drug is non-toxic. In diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to take into account the content of sucrose (in 1 tablet - 0.9 g of sucrose) in the preparation.
Gastrofarm is not contraindicated in driving a car and extreme activities, as well as in work that requires concentration and quick response.
The drug can be used in conjunction with other drugs.
Misoprostol
Active substance: misoprostol.
Pharmachologic effect: artificial analogue of prostaglandin E 1 . It has a protective effect on the mucous membrane, increasing the production of mucus in the stomach and increasing the formation of bicarbonate. Affects the cells of the stomach - blocks the secretion of gastric juice, including pepsin.
Increases the frequency and strength of contractions smooth muscles myometrium, has a slight activating effect on the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.
The effect begins half an hour after taking the drug and lasts about 3-6 hours. When taking 0.5 mg, the effect is medium in effect and short-lived, when taking 2 mg, a pronounced lasting effect is achieved.
Indications: for the prevention of the formation of gastric ulcer associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients in the group increased risk. Treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers at the stage of exacerbation. Termination of pregnancy for early stage: misoprostol with mifepristone.
Misoprostolic acid enters breast milk, despite the fact that no negative side effects on children have been identified, care should be taken when prescribing the drug during breastfeeding.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, acute renal and hepatic failure, inflammatory processes in the intestines, age up to 18 years, periods of pregnancy and its planning.
Side effects: regarding the organs of the digestive system - abdominal pain, bloating as a result of excessive accumulation of gases in the digestive tract, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stool retention. Regarding the reproductive system - a violation of the menstrual cycle, pain in the lower abdomen associated with contractions of the muscles of the cervix, uterine bleeding. Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling) are possible. Weight gain or loss, headaches, lethargy, drowsiness, chills, convulsions.
Mode of application: inside, the dosage is determined individually. For prophylactic purposes, when using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract, 0.2 mg of the drug is prescribed 2–4 times a day (daily dose is 0.4–0.8 mg). In case of renal insufficiency and poor tolerance of the drug, the dose is reduced by 2 times. Cases of overdose are not described.
Release form: tablets of 0.2 mg, in a blister - 3 tablets.
Special instructions: with extreme caution prescribed with reduced blood pressure, circulatory disorders in the brain, epilepsy, diarrhea.
The use of the drug for the purpose of terminating a pregnancy is carried out in conjunction with mifepristone and exclusively in specialized medical institutions. Within a week after taking the drug, it is not recommended to take acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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NSAIDs (or NSAIDs) are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that act to combat inflammation and pain, so they always prescribed to patients with arthritis. In addition, they are used not only to treat diseased joints, but also as antipyretic and analgesic (for toothache or muscle pain, for example).
How do NSAIDs work?
The mechanism of action of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug is aimed at blocking hormone-like substances called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins in our body are responsible not only for inflammation and pain, but also for other processes, for example, the synthesis of special mucus in the stomach, which protects the gastric mucosa from the corrosive effect of hydrochloric acid.
Classical NSAIDs (for example, diclofenac) block prostaglandins through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-1 and COX-2). But, unfortunately, such a non-selective action of drugs endangers the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, as it disrupts the synthesis of protective mucus.
On the other hand, selective NSAIDs have already been invented (for example, Celecoxib, aka Celebrex), which act only on COX-2 and do not have a damaging effect on the stomach.
Who is prescribed NSAIDs?
NSAIDs are used to relieve inflammation and pain not only in any type of arthritis or arthrosis, but also in many other conditions. Given their reasonable price, NSAIDs - a good choice. Only in some cases, the appointment of some NSAIDs is not indicated, for example, if you are allergic to a particular active substance.
If the patient now has or had in the past erosion and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, liver or kidney disease, asthma, diseases of the cardiovascular system, then the doctor may prescribe not NSAIDs, but some drug from the group of analgesics.
What should you know about NSAIDs?
Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most prescribed drugs for arthritis patients and can be bought at a pharmacy without a prescription, do not forget that, like any other NSAID pills, they carry potential harm to the body.
All NSAIDs increase the risk of thrombosis, heart attacks and strokes. This risk is usually associated with long-term use high dose drug we are talking about long-term treatment with NSAIDs). Accordingly, if the patient already has problems with the heart and blood vessels, then the treatment of NSAIDs can complicate the situation somewhat. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not usually given to people who have had coronary artery bypass surgery.
NSAIDs can also cause sudden gastrointestinal bleeding. It is for this reason that you need to be regularly examined, it is advisable to do an EGD at least once a year and take clinical and biochemical blood tests once a quarter.
Although all NSAIDs act in the same way, blocking prostaglandins, each patient finds the drug that helps him best. The search for "your" drug is a real test, both of the nerves and sometimes of the wallet. A rheumatologist may prescribe a drug that is relatively safe and selective, but expensive. Then some people, focusing on their financial capabilities, try to start with cheap analogues or non-selective NSAIDs. Sometimes such a decision is absolutely justified. But if the analogues do not help, then you still have to try an expensive drug. If he does not help properly, then the attending physician will prescribe a new remedy.
How to protect the stomach while taking NSAIDs?
It is believed that all arthritis patients receive NSAIDs. Given the large selection and relatively low price, this is an excellent, effective and affordable way to treat such a difficult problem as sore joints. But! Like any other drug, NSAIDs have side effects. The most famous are gastritis and the formation of erosions and ulcers.
Wanting to protect their patients from the side effects of NSAIDs, rheumatologists often prescribe celecoxib (Celebrex). It selectively acts on COX-2 and does not block the production of mucus in the stomach. For some reason, patients may refuse to take this drug (individual intolerance, price, insufficiently pronounced effect), then the doctor prescribes a combination of a non-selective NSAID (for example, diclofenac) and a proton pump blocker (omeprazole) or a histamine receptor blocker (ranitidine).
But there are other ways to protect the body from side effects. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Use the following tips to reduce your risk level to a minimum.
- Don't drink alcohol. The combination of alcohol and NSAIDs significantly increases the risk of erosions and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.
- Take the tablets with meals and drink plenty of water. Despite what your doctor says or labels say, never take NSAIDs on an empty stomach. And always take the tablets with at least a glass of plain water. So you will help your stomach now and save on the treatment of gastritis in the future.
- Keep a list of your medications. Always keep a notepad handy that will list all the drugs you are prescribed. Each time the doctor introduces a new drug into the treatment regimen, ask him how and when it is better for you to take a new pill. This is vital because the combination of several drugs can increase the risk side effects. For example, taking hormones and NSAIDs for arthritis and warfarin to "thinn" the blood increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding several times.
- Follow the routine. If you are taking NSAIDs once a day, ask your healthcare provider if the best time to take the tablets is in the morning or evening. Based on the general treatment regimen, the doctor will tell you the best time.
- Do not overdose. Sometimes you want to take another pill or two at once in order to achieve a quick and significant effect. Should not be doing that. Exceeding the dose and frequency of administration significantly increases the risk of side effects of drugs. If your remedy does not work well, talk to your doctor to prescribe another drug.
